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GRE閱讀答題整體思路和細(xì)節(jié)詳解

陳鈴1147 分享 時(shí)間:

很多剛加入GRE備考征途的考生,可能對(duì)于GRE閱讀的答題要求并不太熟悉就開(kāi)始了埋頭苦練,這種盲目的做法并不可取。 下面小編就和大家分享怎樣在GRE閱讀備考中鍛煉思維方式和能力,來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

GRE閱讀答題整體思路和細(xì)節(jié)要求詳解

新GRE閱讀整體思路和答題要求

先讀文章后做題,閱讀速度一定要快,勇敢的省略,記住:看題時(shí)間要比看文時(shí)間長(zhǎng),一般推薦使用兩遍法,第一遍通讀,重點(diǎn)看文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、focus、作者態(tài)度,第二遍在解題時(shí)定位閱讀。同時(shí),解任何題目時(shí)都要回到原文中定位,嚴(yán)格把握文字對(duì)應(yīng)法,每個(gè)正確答案都必須找到依據(jù),絕對(duì)不可憑記憶或知識(shí)背景做題。特別注意的是,不要精讀,不必了解文章的意思,速度一定要快,一定要作筆記,時(shí)間不夠看首段和各段首句。然后,每天都積累幾個(gè)GRE句子,總之閱讀的關(guān)鍵就是:“速度 定位 改寫(xiě)”。

新GRE閱讀答題方法

1. 把握GRE閱讀題中文章的句子主干

對(duì)于語(yǔ)法知識(shí)有一定的要求,力求做到一句話只看一遍,充分利用自己的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),時(shí)刻把握句子主干,修飾成分要毫無(wú)感覺(jué)地快速瀏覽。注意,這里的“毫無(wú)感覺(jué)”不是略讀,而是不希望過(guò)多的修飾成分或插入成分影響對(duì)句子主干的理解,這四個(gè)字還需要自己多練習(xí)體會(huì)。

2. 在做GRE閱讀題時(shí)要做好標(biāo)記

在GRE閱讀文章中,除了大寫(xiě)字母、時(shí)間年代、最高級(jí)、轉(zhuǎn)折標(biāo)志詞、因果標(biāo)志詞、列舉、讓步、強(qiáng)對(duì)比以外,還要標(biāo)記出并列連接詞(比如and)、分號(hào)、冒號(hào)、表示作者態(tài)度的詞(褒義貶義詞等)。這些內(nèi)容往往都意味著出題點(diǎn)和解題點(diǎn),標(biāo)記好可以有助于理清解題思路。

關(guān)于做標(biāo)記的小竅門(mén)介紹:標(biāo)記符號(hào)不要只用一種下劃線,也不要標(biāo)記過(guò)多弄得到處都是,個(gè)人感覺(jué)最多三種,比如分別標(biāo)記原因、轉(zhuǎn)折和其他即可。常用符號(hào)可以是下劃線或者括號(hào)等。

3. 反復(fù)做GRE閱讀題

這是提高GRE閱讀速度的秘訣:反復(fù)閱讀已經(jīng)讀過(guò)的文章,建議3-5遍左右,慢慢就會(huì)養(yǎng)成一種直覺(jué),知道哪里略讀哪里重讀。

4. GRE閱讀題中段首段尾要把握好

每段首句和全文末句一定仔細(xì)看。因?yàn)檫@往往是這段內(nèi)容的主旨和總結(jié),也是比較常見(jiàn)的出題點(diǎn)。

新GRE閱讀解題策略

1. 保持好奇心

在GRE閱讀平時(shí)的練習(xí)中,想必大家都會(huì)經(jīng)常讀到一些晦澀難懂的概念,這個(gè)時(shí)候,不同的態(tài)度就會(huì)對(duì)之后的學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生一些影響。比較積極的思考方式是“真有意思啊,我又了解到某些東西”。雖然事實(shí)上你可能一輩子也不會(huì)再讀到這些文章,去了美國(guó)你也只會(huì)讀關(guān)于你專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)術(shù)文章,但GRE為你提供了一個(gè)平臺(tái),讓你去涉獵更多的領(lǐng)域。當(dāng)你讀到美國(guó)憲法修正案、美國(guó)黑人奴隸斗爭(zhēng)史、女性作家時(shí)試著讓自己置身于這樣一個(gè)年代,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更投入。而在這一過(guò)程中,你的知識(shí)面也得到了開(kāi)拓,有時(shí)候還會(huì)學(xué)到一些新的詞匯和其他內(nèi)容,無(wú)形之中便提升了自己的英語(yǔ)閱讀水平和知識(shí)積累。

2. 記錄新概念/事件/人物

GRE閱讀的pre-knowledge到底有沒(méi)有用?對(duì)于這點(diǎn),很多老師和學(xué)生的看法都不太相同,考慮到GRE閱讀有兩個(gè)難點(diǎn):句子晦澀難懂和做題時(shí)間非常有限,一遍必須讀懂,

如果你事先對(duì)某一概念了解了,那么pre-knowledge絕對(duì)可以幫你化險(xiǎn)為夷。但是不要把自己的觀點(diǎn)過(guò)多的帶入到文章,這樣會(huì)影響你的理解。而當(dāng)你在閱讀的時(shí)候讀到了自己不熟悉的概念,可以Notebook或者Word等隨時(shí)記下感興趣或者不知道想要查閱的東西,或是直接上GOOGLE搜索一下相關(guān)概念,對(duì)于以后的閱讀積累也是很有幫助的。

GRE閱讀:提升方法

新舊觀點(diǎn)型首先提出過(guò)去傳統(tǒng)大家都接受的觀點(diǎn),然后出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步的詞匯,這些觀點(diǎn)是舊觀點(diǎn),最后經(jīng)過(guò)一番論證證偽舊觀點(diǎn),拋出新觀點(diǎn)。

現(xiàn)象解釋型首先給出一種自然或社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,通常很古怪,接著對(duì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)忉屖侄斡幸美碚?、?shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證、舉例證明、分層說(shuō)明以及過(guò)程描述等。最后還可能有對(duì)解釋理論的態(tài)度,態(tài)度的類(lèi)型分為支持、反對(duì)、無(wú)態(tài)度(客觀公正)以及無(wú)明確態(tài)度,如果文中解決了問(wèn)題,可以將之認(rèn)為作者持正面態(tài)度。

結(jié)論解釋型首先是判斷句,然后做出轉(zhuǎn)折。寫(xiě)作方法有:

(a)首句正/負(fù)評(píng)價(jià),后面的相反評(píng)價(jià)是結(jié)論。

(b)判斷句后加情境背景。

(c) 先敘述別人的觀點(diǎn), 最后才是作者的評(píng)價(jià)(結(jié)論)。

問(wèn)題解決型首先出現(xiàn)設(shè)問(wèn)句,接著給出解決方法。寫(xiě)作方法有:

(a)若有多種解決方案, 注意新老解決方案的區(qū)別。

(b)寫(xiě)出解決的原則和手段。

(c)用試驗(yàn)證明解決。

(d)引用原理解決。

掌握了GRE閱讀的套路,接下來(lái)就是如何提升其閱讀速度問(wèn)題,閱讀習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)相當(dāng)重要,閱讀過(guò)程中絕對(duì)不可以出聲朗讀,也不可以不出聲在腦子里面朗讀,因?yàn)檠劬ε臄z文字把它傳向大腦的速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于嘴巴逐字逐句念給大腦的速度,人的大腦可以直接用字形圖像來(lái)理解含義,而用字音再理解反而會(huì)多一道程序。也不能單單對(duì)一個(gè)詞進(jìn)行死摳,要知道閱讀考的是句子和文章。

具體有四個(gè)訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目:一是意群訓(xùn)練,即以幾個(gè)相鄰的詞為閱讀對(duì)象。二是不回視訓(xùn)練,保證第一遍閱讀時(shí)的高度注意力,避免回視。三是合理化訓(xùn)練,根據(jù)文章上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理。四是速度與理解力的平衡點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練,首先找出自己的速度與理解力的平衡點(diǎn),然后在閱讀中根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容的難度和重要程度,調(diào)整自己的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)閱讀速度。

GRE閱讀:云和氣候

As of the late 1980’s, neither theorists nor large-scale computer climate models could accurately predict whether cloud systems would help or hurt a warming globe. Some studies suggested that a four percent increase in stratocumulus clouds over the ocean could compensate for a doubling in atmospheric carbon dioxide, preventing a potentially disastrous planetwide temperature increase. On the other hand, an increase in cirrus clouds could increase global warming.

That clouds represented the weakest element in climate models was illustrated by a study of fourteen such models. Comparing climate forecasts for a world with double the current amount of carbon dioxide, researchers found that the models agreed quite well if clouds were not included. But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced. With such discrepancies plaguing the models, scientists could not easily predict how quickly the world’s climate would change, nor could they tell which regions would face dustier droughts or deadlier monsoons.

15.1. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with

(A) confirming a theory

(B) supporting a statement

(C) presenting new information

(D) predicting future discoveries

(E) reconciling discrepant findings

15.2. It can be inferred that one reason the fourteen models described in the passage failed to agree was that

(A) they failed to incorporate the most up-to-date information about the effect of clouds on climate

(B) they were based on faulty information about factors other than clouds that affect climate

(C) they were based on different assumptions about the overall effects of clouds on climate

(D) their originators disagreed about the kinds of forecasts the models should provide

(E) their originators disagreed about the factors other than clouds that should be included in the models

15.3. It can be inferred that the primary purpose of the models included in the study discussed in the second paragraph of the passage was to

(A) predict future changes in the world’s climate

(B) predict the effects of cloud systems on the world’s climate

(C) find a way to prevent a disastrous planetwide temperature increase

(D) assess the percentage of the Earth’s surface covered by cloud systems

(E) estimate by how much the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere will increase

15.4. The information in the passage suggests that scientists would have to answer which of the following questions in order to predict the effect of clouds on the warming of the globe?

(A) What kinds of cloud systems will form over the Earth?

(B) How can cloud systems be encouraged to form over the ocean?

(C) What are the causes of the projected planetwide temperature increase?

(D) What proportion of cloud systems are currently composed of cirrus of clouds?

(E) What proportion of the clouds in the atmosphere form over land masses?


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