BEC商務(wù)英語寫作技巧2020

為了讓大家更好的準備商務(wù)英語BEC考試，小編給大家整理BEC商務(wù)英語寫作技巧,下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞吧一下。

BEC商務(wù)英語寫作技巧

第一部分 寫一篇40-50字的電子郵件、備忘錄、便條等

主要考查考生按照題目要求完成任務(wù)的能力，組織銜接觀點的能力，語言表達的得體性，詞語的豐富性，語法、拼寫的準確性等。

應(yīng)試技巧

仔細閱讀要求，確定所要寫的是電子郵件、備忘錄、還是便條，注意格式。

一定要完成所指定的3項任務(wù)，并進行合理發(fā)揮。不要完全照抄題目要求的任務(wù)提示，盡量變化一下，如果實在不知道如何變化，或沒有把握，至少要把要求補充為完整的句子。

字數(shù)一定要控制在40-50以內(nèi)，多字或少字都會扣分。

根據(jù)寫信人和收信人的關(guān)系和要求寫的內(nèi)容判斷使用語氣的正式程度。

第一部分主要是公司內(nèi)部交流，上級給下級寫，語氣不必特別正式，下級給上級寫，最好采用正式語氣。給平級同事寫信，語氣也不必太正式。上級給下級安排日常工作或下級向上級請示工作，最好用正式語氣。平級之間的一般交流，可以不太正式。切記不要把不正式和不禮貌混淆，不正式不代表不禮貌。無論給誰寫信都要禮貌。

注意單詞和語法的準確性，寧可用正確的簡單句，也不用錯誤的復(fù)雜句。

最好寫前打個草稿，寫后仔細檢查。檢查內(nèi)容包括是否完成3個任務(wù)，單詞、語法、文體是否正確、恰當，字數(shù)是否符合要求，格式是否正確等。

注意卷面整潔，這會給閱卷老師至少要留下一個比較好的第一印象。第二部分 寫一篇120-140字的商務(wù)信函、報告或建議書。

商務(wù)信函寫作應(yīng)試技巧

構(gòu)思正式的商務(wù)信函時，須考慮以下幾個方面：

寫信目的。要明確寫信目的，是為了提供信息，咨詢，還是投訴等?希望得到什么結(jié)果?

讀者對象。明確讀者對象，使用正確的文體，得體的語言。

條分縷析。分段有助于增加行文的明晰程度，增加信函的可讀性。寫信要清楚分段，有條理的表達自己的觀點，每段只表達一個主題。也可以適當用彈點、數(shù)字等技巧以幫助讀者理解自己的信。

常用表達。要使用商務(wù)信函常用的表達，那樣會顯得很專業(yè)，給讀者留下很好的印象。例如：further to your letter of……， Please do not hesitate to contact me. 等比較常用的語句。在確保不出錯的前提下，如能適當展示自己語言的豐富性那就更好了。

寫作建議

仔細閱讀要求，先確定需要寫幾段，每段的目的是什么，注意每段表達一個話題?？紤]各段的主要用詞。

注意格式。不需寫地址。稱呼要恰當，要和信后的客套結(jié)束語在文體上匹配，結(jié)尾要寫結(jié)束語。

確定5個要點都包括在內(nèi)。

字數(shù)一定要控制在120-140以內(nèi)，多字或少字都會扣分。

注意單詞和語法的準確性，寧可用正確的簡單句，也不用錯誤的復(fù)雜句。

最好寫前打個草稿，寫后仔細檢查。檢查內(nèi)容包括是否完成5個任務(wù)，單詞、語法、文體是否正確、恰當，字數(shù)是否符合要求，格式是否正確等。

注意卷面整潔，這會給閱卷老師至少要留下一個比較好的第一印象。商務(wù)報告和建議書寫作技巧

一定按照題目要求完成各項任務(wù)(有5項任務(wù)必須完成)

注意格式。報告和建議書要有總標題，每部分要有小標題。

要使用標準的常用表達。

使用文體正式的語言，不要使用縮略式。

專有名詞，如公司名稱，可以使用縮略式，以少占字數(shù)。

布局要清晰得體。Introduction ， conclusion和 recommendation部分盡量用一句話表達，那樣顯得簡潔。Finding 部分注意使用一些技巧，如分段，彈點等幫助讀者理解你的意思，每段只表達一個中心意思。

論點一定要進行充分論證，注意邏輯性，要使用連接詞以使行文銜接更好。

句子長度是否恰當，長句最好不要超過20個單詞。

注意詞匯、語法的正確性和豐富性。

總字數(shù)是否符合要求，多字少字都會扣分。

注意卷面整潔，這會給閱卷老師至少要留下一個比較好的第一印象。

寫前打好草稿，寫好后仔細檢查。商務(wù)報告格式

總標題

Introduction

The aim of this report is to

Findings

It was found

Conclusion(s)

It was concluded that

商務(wù)建議書格式

總標題

Introduction

The aim of this report is to

Findings

It was found

Conclusion(s)

It was concluded that

Recommendation(s)

It is recommended that

BEC商務(wù)英語高級寫作應(yīng)試技巧

寫作部分

BEC HIGHER寫作部分主要涉及商業(yè)信函和圖表寫作兩部分的內(nèi)容，現(xiàn)具體介紹如下：

商業(yè)信函

第一章 格式問題

1. 格式問題：

請同學(xué)們在BEC的寫作中采用平頭式的寫法。

收信人的姓名和地址置于信紙的左上方

地址、稱呼和結(jié)束禮詞后沒有標點符號

日期在右上方

段落從定格開始，段落之間的行距為兩行(但在考試中由于受答題卡限制，請同學(xué)們酌情考慮)

寫信人的名字和頭銜在簽名下方

2. 稱呼和結(jié)束禮詞的注意事項：

稱呼的寫法遵循下列原則：

Dear Sir or Madam 寫信給某一公司，不確定具體的收信人

Dear Sir 對男士，但是你不知道他的具體姓名

Dear Madam 對女士，但是你不知道他的具體姓名

Dear Mr Smith 對男士

Dear Ms Smith 對已婚或未婚的女士

Dear Mrs Smith 對已婚女士

Dear Miss Smith 對未婚女士

Dear John (此處John 為英語中常用男名) 對朋友或你比較熟悉的人(通常為多年生意伙伴)

稱呼與結(jié)束禮詞存在對應(yīng)的關(guān)系，請同學(xué)們特別注意：

Dear Sir or Madam Yours faithfully

Dear Mr/Ms/Mrs/Miss Smith Yours sincerely

Dear John Bestwishes

以下均為錯誤用法：

Dear Mr John

Dear Mr John Smith

3. 日期：

在英國英語中，天在前，但是在美國英語中，月份在前。所以某些特別的時期容易引起誤解。例如：12 06 2003

在英國指的是：6月21日

在美國指的是：12月6日

因此日期要寫成：12 June 2003

注釋：在bec考試中同學(xué)們可以采用恩波所推薦的用法。但是12 06 2003 的用法仍然是可以使用的，因為bec為英版考試。

在使用恩波推薦的用法時，要記住月份使用大些字母開頭。天后不必寫th、rd、nd或者st。

寫法問題

預(yù)備參加bec考試的同學(xué)們由于缺乏商務(wù)寫作的實際經(jīng)驗，對于寫作部分都比較郁悶。恩波結(jié)合歷年考試實際，為大家準備了15類共計50個經(jīng)典的實戰(zhàn)句型，供大家在考場上使用。我們對每一個句型都模擬了一種環(huán)境：

1. 信件的開頭：

We are writing to enquire about…

We are writing in connection with…

We are interested in … and we would like toknow…

環(huán)境：

You want to know the prices of some airconditioners.

We are interested in your air conditionerand we would like to know the prices of some air conditioners.

You saw an advertisement in the newspaperyesterday and you want further information.

We are writing in connection with theadvertisement in the newspaper yesterday.

You want to know if the company you arewriting to organizes holidays to Africa.

We are writing to inquire about theholidays to Africa that your company organizes.

2. 回信的開頭：

Thank you for your letter of (date)

We have received your letter of (date) asking if …

enquiring about …

enclosing …

concerning …

環(huán)境：

A company wrote to you on 23 July. Theywanted to know if you sell photocopiers.

Thank you for your letter of 23 July,asking if we sell photocopiers.

A man wrote to you on 18 December. Hewanted employment with your company. He also sent his curriculum vitae.

We have received your letter of 18December, enclosing your curriculum vitae.

A company sent you a fax on 3 June. Theywanted to know if you were going to the marketing conference in London.

Thank you for your fax of 3 June, asking ifI was going to the marketing conference in London.

A woman telephoned you this morning. Shewanted to know if her order No. 599 had arrived.

Thank you for your telephone call thismorning concerning the order No. 599.

3. 信件的結(jié)尾：

一般結(jié)尾：

I look forward to receiving yourreply/order/products/ect.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

如果你在信件中提供了信息：

I hope that this information will help you.

Please contact me if you need any furtherinformation.

Please feel free to contact me if you haveany further questions.

Please let me know if you need any furtherinformation.

4. 引入主題：

With reference to …

Further to …

With regard to …

I am writing in connection with …

注：引入主題的句子可以被寫在信件的開頭，但with regard to 不能用于信件的開頭。

環(huán)境：(how would you start a letter about each of the following?)

an invoice (No. 679) for a photocopier

With reference to Invoice No. 679, weregret to tell you that the product arrived in bad condition.

a meeting you had with the addressee onJan. 16th

Further to the meeting on 16 January, I amdelighted to tell you that we are nowable to give you a special offer for our Peach Series computer.

an advertisement in the times newspaper

I am writing in connection with theadvertisement in the times newspaper yesterday.

an application for a post as secretary inyour company

I am writing in connection with yourapplication for a post as secretary in our company.

a fax order for six computers that youreceived today

with reference to your fax order for sixcomputer, I regret to tell you that they are out of stock at present.

5. 告知好、壞消息：

好消息：

I am pleased

delighted

happy to tell

inform

advise youthat …

壞消息：

I regret

am sorry to tell

inform

advise youthat …

We regret that …

環(huán)境：(complete these sentences using phrases for referring and giving goodor bad news.)

a. ___________________________ your orderfor some cupboards, _____________________ we have had to increase the price.

b. ____________________________ yourapplication for a post as secretary, ______________________________ that wewould like you to start work as soon as possible.

c. _________________________________ yourapplication for a post as secretary, ______________________________ that youwere not successful.

d. _________________________________ ourtelephone conversation this morning, ______________________________ that yourcar is now ready for you to collect.

6. 說明你所能做的和不能做的：

We are unable to …

We are able to …

We have been forced to …

環(huán)境：

You cannot lower your prices.

We regret that we are unable to reduce outprices.

You have had to raise your prices becausethe government has increased the sales tax.

We have been forced to raise our pricesbecause the government has increased the sales tax.

However, you can give them a discount of 5%if their order is for more than $8,000.

We are able to give you a discount of 5% ifyour order is more than $8,000.

With regard to their second question, youcannot accept payment in Egyptian pounds but you can accept US dollars orEuros.

We are sorry that we are unable to acceptpayments in Egyptian pounds but we are able to accept US dollars or Euros.

7. 說明原因：

This is owingto …

due to …

a result of …

because of …

注：owing to 通常用于不好的消息。如果想在原因中使用動詞，請加上the fact that的從句。

環(huán)境：

increase prices --- fall of the dollar

We have been force to increase our prices.This is owing to the fall of the dollar.

Delay the delivery of the goods --- strikeby airline pilots

We have been forced to delay the deliveryof the goods. This is owing to the strike by airline pilots.

Increase all salaries by 10% --- rise insales

We are able to increase all salaries by10%. This is the result of a big rise in sales.

Cut all salaries by 10% --- fall in sales

We have been forced to cut all salaries by10%. This is due to the fact that there has been a fall in sales in the pastten months.

Cannot deliver your new order --- we havenot received your payment fro the last order

We regret that we are unable to deliveryour new order immediately. This is owing to the fact that we have not receivedyour payment for the last order.

Cancel the meeting --- a lot of staff havebeen ill

We have been forced to cancel the meeting.This is because some members of our staff have been ill.

8. 請求采取行動：

Please could you …

We would be grateful if you could …

We would be appreciate it if you could … as soon as possible.

without delay.

immediately.

注：please could you …是最直接的方式。在要求一些一般性的事情時，可以使用這種表達。

環(huán)境：

You have seen an advertisement in thenewspaper for a post as office manger. You want an application form.

I would appreciate it if you could send mean application form.

The photocopier in your office has brokendown. You want to have it repaired, quickly.

We would be grateful if you could send arepairman to fix our photocopier as soon as possible.

You have moved your office and you want thepost office to forward your letters to your new address.

Please could you forward my letters to mynew address.

You want the telephone company to putanother telephone in your office. You need it urgently.

We would appreciate it if you could putanother telephone in our office immediately.

You have written to a company and you wantthem to reply quickly.

I would be grateful if you could give us areply quickly.

9. 抱歉：

We must apologize for …

We apologize for …

We are extremely sorry for …

注：以上句型后請使用動詞ing形式。

以上句型中的for可以換成that，然后用從句表達。

一般來說，解釋產(chǎn)生問題的原因，然后在信的結(jié)尾處再次表達歉意。

再次抱歉：

Please accept our apologies once again.

We hope that this has not caused you anyinconvenience.

With apologies once again.

10. 要求提供信息：

Please could you

We would be grateful if you could

We would appreciate it if you could give us further details about ..

inform us (about/if) …

let us know ( about/if ) …

We would like to know ( about/if ) …

注：如果需要特別重要的信息，可以在以上句型前使用：in particular。

環(huán)境：

You wrote a letter to someone and they haven’treplied. You want to know if they received the letter.

We would be grateful if you could let usknow if the letter has reached you.

A businessman is going to your country. Hewants you to get a visa for him. You need all the details about his passport(his nationality, date of birth, where his passport was issued, and when itexpires).

Please could you give details about yourpassport. I would like to know your nationality, date of birth, where yourpassport was issued and when it expires.

You want to know about the samebusinessman’s flight (flight number, date and time of arrival).

In particular, I would like to know yourflight number, date and time of arrival.

11. 輕度抱怨：

Unfortunately, + 表示 somethingis wrong 的句子

環(huán)境：

A company has sent you a bill for the wronggoods.

Unfortunately you sent us a bill for thewrong goods. Please could you send us a correct bill as soon as possible.

Your new photocopier has broken down. Youhave to write to the company who sold it to you.

Unfortunately our new photocopier hasbroken down. Please could you send a repairman to fix it for us as soon aspossible.

Two temporary secretaries do not speakEnglish. You have to write to the agency who sent them to you.

Unfortunately two temporary secretaries yourecommended to us do not speak English. We would be grateful if you couldrecommend two more who could speak English.

You keep receiving letters for someoneelse. You have to write to the post office.

Unfortunately I keep receiving letters forsomeone else. Please could you make the address clear before you deliverletters every day.

12. 提醒某人對某事的注意：

I should like to draw your attention to(the fact that)…

I should like to point out that …

如果你提醒的事情對方已經(jīng)知道(你想表達你的生氣)：

I should like to remind you that…

I hope that it is not necessary to remindyou that …

環(huán)境：

One of your staff keeps parking his car infront of the main door, the space which is reserved for the MD.

I should like to remind you that the spacein front of the main door is reserved for the MD.

Someone is interested in purchasing a largequantity of your simplex cameras. Tell him about 25% discount for large orders.

I should like t draw your attention to thefact that we offer about 25% discount for larger orders.

One of your staff arrives half an hour latefor work every day. (She should start at 9.30.)

I hope that it is not necessary to remindyou that work start at 9: 30 every day.

Someone is interested in your products.Tell him that you guarantee that your prices are the largest in the country.

I should like to point out that weguarantee that all prices are the lowest in the country.

13. 要求某人采取行動：

We must insist that …DO… (DO指動詞原型)

注：請注意這一句型和句型8的區(qū)別。

環(huán)境：

We must insist that you deliver the goodsimmediately.

14. 警告：

Unless…

If…(not)… Wewill be forced to …

環(huán)境：(What warnings would you give these people?)

A company that has not paid your bill

Unless you pay the bill, we will be forcedto take legal actions.

Another company that is using yourcompany’s car park

If you do not move your car away from ourpark, we will be forced to turn to the police.

An employee who always arrives late forwork

Unless you come to work on time, we will beforced to fire you.

A builder who has left a lot of their toolsin your office

If you do not take your tools from ouroffice, we will be forced to throw them away.

15. 強烈抱怨：

注：強烈抱怨遵循以下步驟：

a. 闡述發(fā)生的問題：it is nowover nine months since we placed this order and we are still waiting for thecabinets.

b. 使用句型12：I shouldlike to point out that we have already paid for these cabinets.

c. 使用句型 13：we mustinsist that you deliver them immediately.

d. 使用句型14：unless wehear from you within 7 days we will take legal action.

第三章 寫作后的檢查(包括圖表寫作)

檢查的四個主要方面：

1.標點符號：完全禁用的符號：：“” 《》。

2.拼寫：雙寫輔音 y改成復(fù)數(shù)

3.語法：主謂一致 冠詞 次序 介詞 時態(tài) 漏詞

4.可能導(dǎo)致信息表達不清的因素：太長的段落 太長的句子 運用不常使用的詞匯

一次包含太多的信息信息不完整 信息順序混亂

圖表作文

對于線性圖表的描述

上升1. 對于上升趨勢的描述：

a. 可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：toincrease; to go up; to rise; to grow; to jump; to leap

to soar; to shoot; to pick up

b. 可以使用的名詞：an increase;a growth; a jump; a soar;an upward trend

2. 對于上升到某個位置的描述：

a. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+具體數(shù)據(jù)。

b. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+the peak of+具體數(shù)據(jù)。

c. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching thepeak of +具體數(shù)據(jù)。

d. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。

e. to peak at + 具體數(shù)據(jù)

f. to climb to + 具體數(shù)據(jù)

3. 對于上升的程度的描述：

a. 1. a. 中的動詞+by + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。

b. 1. a. 中的動詞+副詞。(見

下降1. 對于下降趨勢的描述：

a. 可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：to fall;to decrease; to go down; to slide; to collapse

to decline; to drop

b. 可以使用的名詞：a collapse; adecrease; a fall; a decline; a drop

2. 對于下降到某個位置的描述：

a. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+具體數(shù)據(jù)。

b. 1. a. 中的動詞+to+the bottomof+具體數(shù)據(jù)。

c. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching thebottom of +具體數(shù)據(jù)。

d. 1. a. 中的動詞+reaching + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。

3. 對于下降程度的描述：

a. 1. a. 中的動詞+by + 具體數(shù)據(jù)。

b. 1. a. 中的動詞+副詞。

對于平穩(wěn)的趨勢的描述，可以使用的動詞或動詞詞組：

to hardly change; to have little change; tokeep steady; to level off; to remain constant

to stay the same

表示程度的副詞：

1. 程度較大：considerably;dramatically; greatly; markedly; obviously; quickly; rapidly

Sharply; significantly; suddenly

2. 程度較小：slightly;gradually; slowly; steadily

時間的嵌入

嵌入時間時所使用的介詞和介詞詞組：in; from……to……; between…….and……

during……and……; at the start of ……; by theend of ……; over ……; at the end of ……

throughout ……

時間’s + 具體數(shù)據(jù)

上升和下降趨勢的組合描述(嵌入了時間和程度之后)：

1. 先上升后下降的句型：

...... increased slowly during…… and …… butfell sharply in …….

A steady fall in …… during …… and ……followed the sharp increase in …….

2. 先下降后上升的句型：

…… fell before …… began to make a recovery ……

…… continue the recovery, climbing to ……

…… dropped during …… but increased again in ……

…… fell and then pick up during ……

…… collapsed before rising to ……at the end of ……

3. 起伏波動的句型：

…… fluctuated sharply all through ……

4. 波動不大的句型：

…… hardly changed through the period between ……and ……

柱狀圖形的描述

轉(zhuǎn)換為線形圖形的描述

餅狀圖形的描述

對于百分比進行描述所使用的句型：

…… % the …… is/has/have/are ……

…… accounts for ……% of the total

…… takes up ……% in the whole chart

趨勢的比較

1. 表示相似的句型 (實例) ：

Both share prices rose sharply in January.

Neither company has made a profit yet.

Like X, Y fell in June.

X rose just as sharply as Y.

2. 表示差異的句型(實例)：

X fell sharply whereas/while Y remainedsteady.

X fell quickly compared to Y.

Unlike Y, X rose by 10%.

X rose far more dramatically than Y.

3. 表示倍數(shù)的句型：

the …… doubled/tripled in …… compared withthose in ……

4. 客觀比較的句型：

…… is …… in contrast to ……

數(shù)據(jù)的修飾

1. 表示不足的詞或詞組：up to;below; under; almost; nearly

2. 表示超過的詞或詞組：over; morethan; just over

3. 表示大約的詞：about

劍橋商務(wù)英語BEC初級寫作技巧

WRITING

Part 1

這部分要求考生寫40-50詞的短信息，文體有通知、留言、備忘錄、電子郵件等。

如：

You are the General Manager of a large computer company. Next week you are going to Shanghai to discuss an important contract.Write a note to your secretary：Saying when you want to leave and return;Asking her to book flights;Telling her to which hotel to book a room.Write 40-50 words.

寫作時，考生首先要明白題目賦予寫作者的身份，然后確定短文中必須包含的題目指定的要求;再后考慮語言是否流暢，是否有語法錯誤、拼寫錯誤等。

Part 2

這部分要求考生寫120-140詞的商務(wù)信、報告、建議書等?？忌煜び嘘P(guān)抱怨、道歉、解釋、詢盤等商務(wù)信寫法;寫信時要注意信的格式，適當?shù)胤侄螘沟每磿r感覺更好。一般一個主題成一段。此外，還應(yīng)該熟悉非正式的商務(wù)短報告寫法，商務(wù)報告中一般要包括信息(findings/information)、結(jié)論(conclusions)、建議(suggestions/recommendation)等內(nèi)容。文章的詞數(shù)最好按要求在120-140之間，稍微多幾個或少幾個影響不大。不過，最好按要求寫作?？忌鷮懽鲿r，務(wù)必充分理解題目要求，明白寫作者的身份，看懂并結(jié)合提供的信息。

Part 1 (Questions 1-12)

第一部分大多情況下是電話對話。答題紙上分為3個部分，以表格、發(fā)票、日程安排、留言條等形式出現(xiàn)，每部分有4個空格，要求考生聽錄音填空(聽兩遍)。考生拿到試卷后應(yīng)抓緊時間將題目看一遍，根據(jù)文字信息，揣測填充題中可能要填什么詞。一般來說，這部分要填的內(nèi)容是：公司名稱、人名、號碼(電話號碼、定單號碼等)、日期等，這一題主要是考考生的辨別詞匯的能力。在聽第一遍時，考生要盡可能的記下有關(guān)的名稱、地點、號碼等內(nèi)容，聽第二遍時檢查所填內(nèi)容，填上漏掉的內(nèi)容。該部分的電話對話內(nèi)容一般是：客戶抱怨、道歉、詢價、訂座、訂貨、安排、計劃等。

Part 2 (Questions 13-22)

該部分分為兩個部分，一般為兩段獨白?？忌仨氉ゾo時間弄懂供選擇的單詞的意思。這些單詞一般是有關(guān)職業(yè)、身份的，如：hotel manager， salesman， technician， travel agent， engineer， cook， tourist guide， money changer等;另外，這部分單詞也可以表示功能、行為等，如：refusing， agreeing， making excuses， boring work， an uncomfortable office， low pay， to order a meal， to book a room 等，所以，考生在聽錄音前，先快速閱讀供選擇的單詞的意思，然后，在聽錄音時要特別抓住key words，辯明獨白所要表白的主要意思，再作出選擇。需要當心的是：有些單詞聽上去似乎是答案，但別忙著確定，一定要等聽完該段獨白的全部錄音才能最后定答案。

Part 3 (Questions 23-30)

該部分通常是兩個人或更多人之間的對話，如：開會討論、面試、一般業(yè)務(wù)會談等;另外也可能不是對話，而是獨白，如：業(yè)務(wù)報告、產(chǎn)品演示會的講話，工作匯報等?？忌鲞@一題時首先仍然是先快速閱讀選擇題，從而了解錄音中對話或獨白的背景、大意，以便聽錄音時有一個大致的方向。

考生聽錄音時要認真將主要內(nèi)容抓住，決不能因為某一個問題沒聽懂就停下來，聽錄音的過程中可以針對每一個問題做些快速記錄，記下錄音中人的身份、討論的問題，以及不同的觀點;如果是獨白，對獨白的主題，涉及到的人或物等則要盡可能弄清楚。