新老GRE題目?jī)?nèi)容難度區(qū)別實(shí)戰(zhàn)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)匯總
雖然距離上次GRE考試改革已經(jīng)有好幾年了,但一些老GRE的練習(xí)因?yàn)楸旧磔^高的質(zhì)量還是有不少考生使用。今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)新老GRE題目?jī)?nèi)容難度區(qū)別實(shí)戰(zhàn)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)匯總 ,希望能夠幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
新老GRE題目?jī)?nèi)容難度區(qū)別實(shí)戰(zhàn)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)匯總
GRE考試試題分析:
這是大家都很關(guān)心的話題,而且我看大家的反應(yīng)也不盡相同,有語(yǔ)文提前寫完還分?jǐn)?shù)高的嚇人的,也有數(shù)學(xué)都寫不完的。從這點(diǎn)就可以看出,題目的難易其實(shí)和自己的水平掛鉤的。我覺得PP的題基本上反應(yīng)了真實(shí)題目的難度,有的同學(xué)說(shuō)OG或者PP沒有真實(shí)的題目難,我覺得可能是因?yàn)槟M題大家做的遍數(shù)多了,自然會(huì)越做越簡(jiǎn)單,如果完全沒有接觸過(guò)新題型,自己試著去做一遍PP的題,就知道了。
先說(shuō)AW吧,對(duì)于沒有高頻的新GRE,AW還是要靠一點(diǎn)RP的,畢竟題庫(kù)里的題總有自己不太熟悉,或者準(zhǔn)備不充分的。我當(dāng)時(shí)ISSUE抽到的是現(xiàn)代舒適的生活和人的獨(dú)立性的關(guān)系,ARGUMENT抽到的是從魚油里提取出的一種物質(zhì)能防感冒。那篇ISSUE我就沒準(zhǔn)備好,所以寫出來(lái)自己都覺得很糟,ARGUMENT還好。AW題庫(kù)里的題和老G基本一樣,關(guān)鍵是沒有高頻,大家都不知如何抓重點(diǎn),如果你夠牛的話,最好題目都好好看一遍,如果你沒時(shí)間的話,就只好看RP了。
然后是語(yǔ)文,語(yǔ)文有的同學(xué)覺得難(其實(shí)我也覺得很難,呵呵)主要是因?yàn)樾骂}型大家都不習(xí)慣,而且填空題不能用排除法,對(duì)詞匯的理解和記憶的要求都提高了。語(yǔ)文的題型主要是填空,閱讀,具體的題目分布我也記不大清了,閱讀量加大了那是肯定的。
數(shù)學(xué)一直以來(lái)是中國(guó)學(xué)生的強(qiáng)項(xiàng),如果數(shù)學(xué)拿不到分,那總分就很難達(dá)標(biāo)了。有的同學(xué)說(shuō)數(shù)學(xué)很難,我想再難也不能難過(guò)語(yǔ)文吧。數(shù)學(xué)給我的感覺和老G差不多,沒有什么太大的變化,只是增加了填空和多選的題型。我覺得對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)沒有太大問(wèn)題。
GRE寫作范文的解析:新創(chuàng)意
題目:
Truly innovative ideas do not arise from groups of people, but from individuals.When groups try to be creative, the members force each other to compromise and, as a result, creative ideas tend to be weakened and made more conventional. Most original ideas arise from individuals working alone.
真正有創(chuàng)意的想法并非來(lái)自于群體而是來(lái)自于個(gè)人。當(dāng)群體試圖創(chuàng)新的時(shí)候,它的成員之間會(huì)被迫相互妥協(xié),結(jié)果就是新想法趨于弱化而更接近于傳統(tǒng)。大部分新想法都是來(lái)自于獨(dú)立工作的個(gè)人。
正文:
I agree with the speaker on that truly innovative ideas arise from individuals.Nevertheless, it is unfair to claim unilaterally that the groups tend to weaken creative ideas without thinking of their positive effects on the ideas; it is equally important for groups to examine, modify, or even reject the ideas.
First of all, truly innovative ideas are destined to arise from individuals in that inter-personal thinking process is so far impossible. This is to say, when we sit still and have a cluster of phenomena, theories, statistics and so forth of a certain issue in our mind, we are thinking it over yet with no assistance at all. After all it is impossible for one to intrude into other's mind. Following this principle, innovative ideas spark off during the process of meditation, and they are the produced by one's own effort. It is equally possible, however, for people to be inspired by each other, yet this is by no means assistance in thinking. Clues, hints, inspirations are to remind people of things ignored or taken for granted, but have nothing to do with the process of thinking, that is, to sort out the whole vision and draw conclusion. In one word, innovative ideas arise from meditation, which is solely limited within one body, one brain. Therefore innovative ideas are always the product of individual's work.
Nevertheless, it does not suggest that innovative ideas then have nothing to do with group work, and actually it is just the opposite. When a novel thought is brought up, it is of great importance to fully evaluate its validity, feasibility, and consequences if carried out. This point need no further illustration if we think of a father who resolutely stops his 6-year-old son from playing matches. The kid might have intended to try something new, driven by an innovative idea, yet the whole house might have caught fire also since the boy is incapable of dealing with accidents. This is the same case in academic fields. In a chemistry lab for example, a novel route design of synthesizing a new compound is never carried out without further evaluation. Practical conditions such as equipments, reagents, and economic efficiency, namely yield per cost, are always taken into consideration and sometimes restrict the application of those ideas.
This is to say, innovation is usually good but not always practicable. This claim is fully demonstrated in the political field. Governors of all levels must take holistic views of the situation and make balanced decision in order to avoid mistakes; innovative ideas alone cannot justify their practicability and goodwill to others. For instance, when we look back, the development of plastic industry has resulted in great loss in the global ecosystem. Thus we see the disastrous consequences of carrying out such innovative yet premature ideas.
Hence, it is necessary for the groups to assess, remedy, and conclude the value and use of innovative ideas. All innovative ideas should be brought to discussions. With the clash of skeptical attitude of others to the advocating behavior of the thinker, fallacies made in a haste can be easily found and eliminated, which rectifies, sometimes supplements the idea. I don't agree with the speaker on his/her judgment of group work as compromising, weakening and conventionalizing innovation. Group work promotes those justified and useful innovative ideas and rejects those invalid, sometimes dangerous ones, as we see the case between father and son, in a chemistry lab, in all nations around the world. Only after the group censorship can the innovative ideas be carried out and benefit people, and this is the time when its innovativeness is fully appreciated.
In conclusion, I concede that most original ideas arise from individuals, yet I believe the group effort on these ideas should never be downplayed. It is the group that judge,reject or develop these ideas; this process is equally important with the innovative thinking.
GRE寫作名人名言的使用技巧
引用名人名言的必要性
當(dāng)前考GRE考生在處理Analytical Writing時(shí),大多數(shù)為如何在GRE作文中拿高分所苦惱,平時(shí)是不是應(yīng)該多記些有關(guān)的名人名言?給自己的文章潤(rùn)色,從而使自己的文章從所有的文章中脫穎而出,讓考官一看到你的文章就覺得與眾不同。關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題答案是肯定的。在ETS的官方評(píng)論標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,有一條評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是SCORE 6 Develops a position on the issue∕argument with insightful reasons and /or persuasive examples, 根據(jù)這個(gè)我們就很有必要引用名人名言,增加文章的說(shuō)服力。
如何引用名人名言—避免陳詞濫調(diào)
然而在實(shí)際的運(yùn)用過(guò)程中,很多考生運(yùn)用的名人名言,都不是真正意義上的名人名言,或者說(shuō)是名人名言,但是由于過(guò)多的人引用,結(jié)果卻成了陳詞濫調(diào),也就是跟俗語(yǔ)一樣的常用,不能發(fā)揮增加文章說(shuō)服力的作用,如果你只能想到這些非常常用的名人名言時(shí),建議你最好就不要寫了,因?yàn)楹芏嗳硕加眠@幾個(gè)句子的話,那么你的文章就可能會(huì)落入俗套,甚至有可能影響考官客觀的評(píng)價(jià)你的文章思路,例如 every coin has two sides,there is a will, there is a way, Rome is not built in a day.等都是寫可寫可不寫的廢話。而且就這個(gè)問(wèn)題,已經(jīng)有很多的專家學(xué)者對(duì)考生提出了忠告。
GRE寫作如何利用范文來(lái)備考
一、具體化的能力
具體化并不代表要寫一個(gè)完整的故事。但是任何一篇文章都要給人一個(gè)具體的意向。通過(guò)具體的東西來(lái)描述才能給人踏實(shí)的感覺。具體化只要舉出幾個(gè)地方、幾個(gè)名字、幾件小事就可以了。
為什么好多同學(xué)作文中分?jǐn)?shù)很低呢,就是因?yàn)樗岢隽藛?wèn)題卻沒有回答。
你通過(guò)不斷地模仿寫作,就可以不斷地糾正語(yǔ)法和詞組錯(cuò)誤。如何把抽象和具體結(jié)合起來(lái)是一個(gè)重點(diǎn),如何在一個(gè)段落中只表達(dá)一個(gè)思想,這是另一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。美國(guó)人的判分特點(diǎn)是,如果你在一段中表達(dá)了一個(gè)以上的思想,那你的分?jǐn)?shù)就不會(huì)高了。
分析完一篇文章后,怎么模仿著寫呢?就是看著中文的翻譯,把上面的英文一字不落的寫下來(lái),當(dāng)你實(shí)在想不起來(lái)的時(shí)候,再看原文。等到寫完之后,和原文對(duì)照一下,看看是誰(shuí)寫得漂亮。我剛剛開始模仿寫作的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn),模仿了幾天后,寫作水平的確提高了。因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)記憶學(xué)原則,這個(gè)單詞你背過(guò)、讀過(guò),它都不能寫在你的文章中間。如果一個(gè)單詞可以經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在你的腦子和文章中間,那這只證明了一件事,就是你寫過(guò)這個(gè)字。但是你自己寫作你不可能用到這個(gè)字,那就只有一個(gè)可能,就是你在模仿文章時(shí)寫過(guò)這個(gè)字。如果一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)別人寫不出來(lái),你能寫出來(lái),那你的分?jǐn)?shù)就會(huì)高。
通過(guò)不斷地模仿你的幾大能力就會(huì)得到提高:
1.你的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤會(huì)越來(lái)越少;
2.句子結(jié)構(gòu)能力越來(lái)越強(qiáng);
3.用詞能力大大增加。
一篇文章模仿兩次就足夠了。當(dāng)你模仿了10篇文章之后,你把這10篇文章再模仿一遍。等你模仿完20篇文章,你的寫作能力就會(huì)大大提高了。
二、邏輯思維能力
在美國(guó)許多的寫作考試中TOEFL寫作是相對(duì)容易的。因?yàn)樗淖魑念}本身非常簡(jiǎn)單,看到一個(gè)作文題你幾乎就知道該怎么寫。而GRE作文就相對(duì)復(fù)雜了。GRE作文方式永遠(yuǎn)是兩種態(tài)度,兩種方式讓你選擇。它永遠(yuǎn)是有對(duì)照性的。TOEFL作文考:“吃飯是在家里吃好,還是到飯店里吃好”;GMAT考和商業(yè)有關(guān)的:“產(chǎn)品制造出來(lái)是延續(xù)時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)的好,還是延續(xù)時(shí)間不太長(zhǎng)的好”;GRE作文:“在我們這個(gè)社會(huì)中間,現(xiàn)在專業(yè)人士太多了,而有綜合知識(shí)的人太少了。你認(rèn)為我們是更需要具有專業(yè)知識(shí)的人呢,還是需要具有廣博知識(shí)的人?”
TOEFL考生活、學(xué)習(xí);GRE 考日常學(xué)術(shù)行為。但是不管它出什么題目,總是會(huì)擺出兩種態(tài)度供你選擇。另外,GRE的作文題目是提前發(fā)給你的,考試時(shí)出的題目絕不會(huì)超出它事先發(fā)給你的題目。它決不會(huì)出讓學(xué)生看不懂的題目。所出的題目永遠(yuǎn)是世界性的,不涉及民族、宗教、政治色彩。
考察普林斯頓所出的全部范文后發(fā)現(xiàn),美國(guó)人百分之七八十喜歡傾向于一種模式。討論在哪里吃的問(wèn)題時(shí),要不在家里吃,要不在飯店吃,但是你不要又想在家里,又想在飯店(A OR B)。當(dāng)然他們也比較認(rèn)可中間的態(tài)度(C),也就是說(shuō),我既要A又要B,我是A和B結(jié)合起來(lái)產(chǎn)生C。事實(shí)上,好多中國(guó)學(xué)生結(jié)合A、B寫是能寫出好分?jǐn)?shù)的。當(dāng)然也有些題目是沒有C這種態(tài)度的。
C態(tài)度這種寫法和A、B的寫法,在段落結(jié)構(gòu)上是有差異的。我先講兩種文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu)。
如果是采取A或B的寫法,段落結(jié)構(gòu)是比較簡(jiǎn)單的。通常分為三個(gè)層次,第一個(gè)層次是第一段。說(shuō)明我要采取A還是B。第二個(gè)層次可以不只一段,說(shuō)明為什么選擇A/B是對(duì)的。為什么要有三段呢。因?yàn)楸仨氈辽儆?個(gè)理由,至多3個(gè)理由。美國(guó)人認(rèn)為一個(gè)理由是不夠的,4個(gè)理由絕對(duì)太多。他們最喜歡 2到3個(gè)理由。最后一段就是結(jié)尾,討論B的缺點(diǎn)和部分優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時(shí)堅(jiān)決強(qiáng)調(diào)你要選擇A。
C模式:它有幾大難點(diǎn):
1.你要表明A和B的必不可少性,所以你的段落就會(huì)很長(zhǎng);
2.第二段就要寫A的好處、缺陷都在哪;
3.要寫B(tài)的好處和缺點(diǎn);
4.要證明只有把A和B結(jié)合起來(lái)才能弘揚(yáng)兩者的優(yōu)點(diǎn),避免缺點(diǎn)。
這樣的文章是最合情合理的,優(yōu)點(diǎn)是非常的reasonable。缺點(diǎn)是這種文章的長(zhǎng)度比我們前面說(shuō)到的第一種類型的文章,至少要長(zhǎng)出1/3。而你寫的越長(zhǎng)就越容易犯句子語(yǔ)法和結(jié)構(gòu),以及拼寫的錯(cuò)誤。所以如果你的寫作水平很一般的話,就不要用這種寫法。但是如果你的寫作水平很高的話,我建議你用這種寫法。尤其是碰到一些我認(rèn)為只有把兩者結(jié)合起來(lái)才能寫好的題目時(shí)。所以GRE作文難就難在它的題目比較難。這種題目有兩種寫作方法,這兩種方法都是能拿6分的。
邏輯思維能力的第二步就是怎么寫好中間這部分。開頭挺好寫的,好多同學(xué)直接照著題目抄,這大可不必,也挺愚蠢的。GRE作文題目也是可以抄的,但是你最好還是自己寫。
千篇一律只有幾種開頭的方法:
1.說(shuō)大話開頭法:開頭就是一個(gè)宏偉的概括;
2.幽默一點(diǎn)的開頭法。
3.從自我經(jīng)歷寫起。
下面我們來(lái)具體講一下中間應(yīng)該怎么寫。
首先來(lái)講一下,寫這三個(gè)理由要避免的幾點(diǎn):
避免觀點(diǎn)重復(fù);不要講了幾遍其實(shí)都是一個(gè)理由。當(dāng)你一點(diǎn)就能說(shuō)明的時(shí)候,非要講三遍就顯的有點(diǎn)STUPID了。你要從多個(gè)方面來(lái)講道理,而且要盡量把問(wèn)題具體化。
避免觀點(diǎn)的庸俗化,并考慮美國(guó)人能否接受的問(wèn)題。比如說(shuō)要避免對(duì)任何宗教詞批判太多。因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)搞不懂給你判分的是信什么教的。不能批判任何政治理想。不能貶低自己所在的國(guó)家。美國(guó)人最討厭不愛自己國(guó)家的人。避免觀點(diǎn)的庸俗化,就是我們說(shuō)的有些東西可以想,但是不能寫出來(lái)GRE作文邏輯思路分為兩種。一種是問(wèn)題發(fā)揮型,一種是argument/爭(zhēng)論型。
對(duì)于問(wèn)題發(fā)揮型題目,你怎么發(fā)揮,怎么犯邏輯錯(cuò)誤都沒有問(wèn)題,只要你能保證你觀點(diǎn)的正確,并能用具體的事實(shí)證明你的觀點(diǎn)。而對(duì)于argument爭(zhēng)論型題目就不同了。它的出題方式是給你一段話,這段話后再給出一個(gè)總結(jié)。然后讓你挑出它的邏輯錯(cuò)誤。需要你作的是得出它的結(jié)論或者對(duì)其加以補(bǔ)充。你只要拿出三點(diǎn)理由把它推翻就行了。這三點(diǎn)理由從哪里找呢,從文章里面找,從文章的周邊關(guān)系找,從文章的背后找。
下面舉一個(gè)例子:現(xiàn)在有一種計(jì)算機(jī)儀表設(shè)備,把它安在商用飛機(jī)上之后就必然能避免飛機(jī)在空中的碰撞。因?yàn)橐患茱w機(jī)發(fā)出碰撞信號(hào)后,另一架飛機(jī)就能接收這個(gè)信號(hào)并及時(shí)采取行動(dòng),從而避免飛機(jī)碰撞。
這里結(jié)論就是飛機(jī)必然能避免碰撞。它的因果關(guān)系是因?yàn)榘惭b了儀表所以能夠避免碰撞。你要說(shuō)的是安裝了儀表不一定能避免碰撞?,F(xiàn)在你就要找出3點(diǎn)理由來(lái)。
1.文章中沒有任何統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)告訴我們飛機(jī)的碰撞百分之百是商用飛機(jī),因此如果避免碰撞,就要在所有飛行物上安裝這種儀表。
2.安裝了儀表后,是否需要人來(lái)操作。如果是,那么因?yàn)橛腥说脑?,就不能避免碰撞?/p>
3.要是這個(gè)儀表系統(tǒng)壞了。
4.也沒有談到氣候問(wèn)題,衛(wèi)星干擾問(wèn)題等干擾因素……
所以Argument文章不需要你有文采,也不需要你有多么好的句子結(jié)構(gòu),它只是要求你的邏輯沒有漏洞。
大家有時(shí)間的話務(wù)必把AI的提綱都列掉,然后挑重復(fù)率高的寫。比如ISSUE里面有一道The greatest indicator of a nation....
另外有一點(diǎn)很重要的是,特別是對(duì)于A大家在寫完幾篇文章以后,盡快歸納出針對(duì)每一個(gè)instruction的模板,question這種可以寫成一類,然后背出來(lái)。
其實(shí)老G和新G的區(qū)別就在于,老G是一套模板走天下,新G準(zhǔn)備4個(gè)模板,就這么簡(jiǎn)單。以后自己練習(xí)的時(shí)候,就根據(jù)模板來(lái)套,寫到后來(lái)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),你寫出來(lái)的文章,不管題目怎么換,寫出來(lái)的東西看起來(lái)都一樣,這樣Argument算基本練成了。
模板最好自己寫,根據(jù)頭幾篇寫的文章來(lái)歸納,比如說(shuō)我關(guān)于specific evidence這種題型,自己歸納的模板就是:
The argument is well presented and appears to be relatively sound at the first glance,the author concludes that__________. However, a close scrutiny about the argument will reveal that several specific evidences should be added in order to make the argument to be more cogent and convincing, for example:_________
Initially, the author must give evidence that_________. If we were to learn that _______, it would obviously weaken the conclusion. It may turn out to be that_____. To make his assurance eloquent, he must provide more specific evidences to consummate his argument.
Secondly, in order to______, we should also be informed that_______. In the argument, the author only said that__________. It may undermine the argument that if_______. Without knowing_______, we can hardly accept the conclusion that______
Third, the author should eliminate the disturbance of other factors, for example, he should provide evidences that _______. Perhaps_____ or perhaps________. Either of these scenarios, if true, would cast serious doubt on the author’s claim. Without accounting for all other explanations, the arguer can’t reasonably conclude that___________;
To sum up, the argument is far from powerful enough to substantiate that______________ Before any final decisions are made about_____________, much more specific evidences are to be put forward to make the author’s argument more forceful and cogent.
真正寫的時(shí)候,先把第一段和最后一段都寫了,然后每段寫個(gè)第一句,列出框架。最好能在第一段把你要寫的內(nèi)容都先簡(jiǎn)要概括一下。
話題還是回到準(zhǔn)備A的過(guò)程上,當(dāng)你歸納出模板以后,接下來(lái)要做的事情就很簡(jiǎn)單了,找到新老題庫(kù)的對(duì)應(yīng)表,然后自己照著新題庫(kù)一題一題地把提綱列出來(lái),不會(huì)的看一下老題是怎么寫的。這個(gè)時(shí)候不需要寫很多文章,只是歸納提綱就行,記住歸納的時(shí)候要把可能發(fā)生的情況寫出來(lái),因?yàn)榈搅丝荚嚨臅r(shí)候想不出可以rival的情況那不是悲劇了,比如這個(gè)題中的一個(gè)evidence:
The reason why students choose Buckingham College.
Perhaps it has qualified teachers.
Perhaps tuition fee is lower than colleges at the same level.
等你把這兩件事情都做完,A的準(zhǔn)備就差不多了,以后就是每天花半個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間一遍遍熟悉題庫(kù)。
按照這種方法,我真正準(zhǔn)備A的時(shí)間只有5天,后來(lái)的那段時(shí)間都只是每天花半個(gè)小時(shí)寫3篇作文的提綱寫的話不用太多,3-4天寫一篇保持手感就行了。
關(guān)于ISSUE,方法也差不多,主要的問(wèn)題就是寫提綱一定要仔細(xì),把你對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn),和引用的例子都寫出來(lái),不要想著自己能套一些Roosevelt, King什么的,想想就可以了,沒有那么多例子讓你套,還是要老老實(shí)實(shí)準(zhǔn)備提綱。
我寫過(guò)一套完整的issue和argument的提綱,寫的時(shí)候例子也放在提綱里,ISSUE跟A也一樣,寫完一遍提綱,自己重新看,到最后就是訓(xùn)練自己看到一個(gè)題,在2分鐘以內(nèi)迅速組織出一個(gè)比較詳細(xì)的提綱。這樣ISSUE的準(zhǔn)備也就差不多了。
三.修辭學(xué)的能力
修辭學(xué)的能力也是非常重要的。比如比喻、排比等等,他們能帶來(lái)力量和說(shuō)服力。
通過(guò)模仿,希望各位考生能夠吸取精華并將之轉(zhuǎn)化為自己的長(zhǎng)處,獲得GRE寫作高分。模仿并不是盲目抄襲,而是首先要分析文章,分析每一句和上一句是什么關(guān)系。然后運(yùn)用具體化能力、邏輯思維能力和修辭學(xué)的能力來(lái)提高寫作水平。
新老GRE題目?jī)?nèi)容難度區(qū)別實(shí)戰(zhàn)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)匯總




