提升雅思閱讀正確率的三要素

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在雅思閱讀備考中,考生最關(guān)心的怎么才能提高分?jǐn)?shù)。今天小站君為大家?guī)硖嵘喿x正確率的三要素,考生可以根據(jù)自己實(shí)際情況,分析自己到底差哪一個(gè)要素。下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

提升雅思閱讀正確率的三要素

首先的影響雅思閱讀做題原因,當(dāng)然是詞匯。

任何一篇內(nèi)容相對(duì)復(fù)雜的閱讀文章,都不可避免地出現(xiàn)大量生僻詞語或者是難度相對(duì)較大的單詞。從文章的選材而言,范圍是十分豐富的,主要來自世界各國(guó)主要的英文報(bào)刊雜志,內(nèi)容涉及任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、自然和科技等。而IELTS考試所考查的,是實(shí)際運(yùn)用語言的能力,所以在考試中真正需要理解的單詞,或是題目中真正考查到的單詞,往往是英語閱讀中的一些最核心的單詞。這些單詞雖然數(shù)量不多,難度不大,但卻是必須掌握的。就考試而言,掌握6000左右的常用詞匯,即大學(xué)六級(jí)大綱中所要求的詞匯是必須的。

第二的影響雅思閱讀做題原因及解決辦法,復(fù)雜的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

有些同學(xué)的詞匯量已經(jīng)達(dá)到了6000左右,但是依然感覺讀不懂文章,這就是因?yàn)槲恼轮谐涑庵?大 量 結(jié) 構(gòu) 復(fù) 雜 難 以 把 握 的 復(fù) 雜 句 。 如 :The challenge now is to develop policies and practices based on a presumption of shared responsibility between men and women, and a presumption that there are potential benefits for men and women, as well as for families and the community, if there is greater gender equality in the responsibilities and pleasures of family life. 這 是 一 個(gè) 相 對(duì) 復(fù) 雜 的 句 子 , 主 干 是the challenge now is to develop policies and practices, 從based on到句子的結(jié)尾處是由過去分詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)臓钫Z。后一個(gè)presumption后面有一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的從句,充當(dāng)presumption的同位語。在同位語的后面,有一個(gè)if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。一般而言,對(duì)同學(xué)們?cè)斐烧系K的是并列句或并列復(fù)合句,倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),所以在訓(xùn)練時(shí)可以精挑一個(gè)語段做仔細(xì)分析。

第三的影響雅思閱讀做題原因及解決辦法,題型多樣化。

這個(gè)障礙使原本已經(jīng)擁有相當(dāng)英語語言實(shí)力的考生,在考試中因?yàn)槿狈?duì)題型的理解,或是被眾多題型干擾,不能正常發(fā)揮。一些必考題型如list of headings, summary, T/F/NG等,可以作為練習(xí)重點(diǎn)。如summary題是很多同學(xué)感到頭痛的題型,普遍感到非常難找。其實(shí)不然,只要記住兩大原則即可。原則一,順序原則。summary題的答案排列順序,必定與文章的行文順序一致。原則二,完整的summary,不僅應(yīng)該能夠體現(xiàn)文章本身所表達(dá)的思想含義,而且必須是符合語法規(guī)律的英語文章。所以根據(jù)語法也可以進(jìn)行判斷。

在準(zhǔn)備考試的過程中,除了要做IELTS考題之外,還要進(jìn)行泛讀和快速閱讀。

泛讀可以選擇一些英美主流媒體的文章,在網(wǎng)站上可以找到,目的是熟悉單詞和句型??焖匍喿x就是用掃描文章的方法對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)有大致的了解,并把握其主旨。同時(shí),在重點(diǎn)句子和詞匯上做出標(biāo)記。這種方法對(duì)閱讀考試幫助極大,平時(shí)可多加練習(xí)。另外,為了提高閱讀的速度還要養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習(xí)慣,不能邊看邊用嘴跟著讀,眼、嘴并用必會(huì)降低閱讀速度;一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)生詞(這種情況絕大多數(shù)同學(xué)都肯定要遇到),先不要緊張,要通過英語構(gòu)詞法(前綴、詞根和后綴)來分析推測(cè)詞義,或結(jié)合上下文、前后詞語去猜測(cè),如果根據(jù)上下文及前后詞語還是無法確切了解其真正含義,可以再看一下這個(gè)詞對(duì)整個(gè)句子所構(gòu)成的影響是肯定的,還是否定的,實(shí)際上這對(duì)你理解作者的意圖已足夠了,實(shí)在不行就做上記號(hào),將來看一看是否影響答題,如無影響就堅(jiān)決忽略。

雅思備考:如何在閱讀中借鑒寫作思路

許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為,動(dòng)輒900-1000字的閱讀文章對(duì)于只有150和250字的雅思作文借鑒意義不大,事實(shí)上,兩者在主題、構(gòu)思、句式、用詞等方面有著很大的相似性。本文中,專家將就此一一說明:

1. 主題性

閱讀文章和雅思寫作題目涵蓋的范圍比較廣,具有極強(qiáng)的主題性,其重合話題有:環(huán)境、社會(huì)、教育三大方面。閱讀文章的內(nèi)容能幫助考生更好地理解題目的文化背景,積累觀點(diǎn)素材,在備考過程中,考生可以將這兩項(xiàng)結(jié)合起來。

劍四test 2的reading passage 1"Lost for Words"極好的回答了雅思一道較難的文化類考題:what are the reasons for the loss of many cultures and languages? How to solve this problem?"

許多學(xué)生因?yàn)槿鄙賹?duì)這一背景的了解而無從下手,我們完全可以看看這篇閱讀文章提供了哪些素材:

1 "What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are. If it is spoken by children, it is relatively safe。"

2 "…people reject the language of their parents… It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society…"

3 "Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools, all to promote national unity。"

4 "… They cannot refuse to speak English if most commercial activity is in English…"

這些都是十分準(zhǔn)確而又全面的回答,說明了許多語言喪失的原因,甚至連語言喪失對(duì)于文化的連帶影響也有所涉及:"Language is also intimately bound with culture, so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other。"

這篇文章在后文也對(duì)如何解決這一問題做出了回答:

" …a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direst prediction from coming true….'apprentice' programs have provided life support t several indigenous languages。"

值得注意的是,這篇閱讀文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是遵循"背景—原因—解決方式"的架構(gòu)來安排的,對(duì)于寫作結(jié)構(gòu)也有很好的架構(gòu)作用。

2.流程圖的描述

2010年雅思寫作Task I圖畫題頻現(xiàn),許多學(xué)生不太熟悉流程圖,對(duì)于如何描述其過程極為擔(dān)心。其實(shí)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),這樣的句式在說明型的閱讀文章中屢見不鮮,這類閱讀文章常常涉及某個(gè)事物的發(fā)展過程或者制作方式,其遣詞造句都是可以進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和利用。

劍五Test 2 Reading passage 1是一篇關(guān)于對(duì)現(xiàn)代塑料的說明文章,其中有一段就是對(duì)塑料制作過程的描述,很多句式都可以"拿來我用"。

首先是對(duì)這一流程的總體概括"The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle。" 我們可以根據(jù)這個(gè)句式來描寫2009年9月一道關(guān)于玻璃瓶子回收過程的題目,如:

A three-stage process is outlined, in which the used bottles are collected and re-produced in the plant. "

接著,制作過程中的細(xì)節(jié)按照先后順序鋪開,并結(jié)合被動(dòng)語態(tài)與準(zhǔn)確的動(dòng)詞選擇:"The resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground into powder. Other substances were then introduced, including…. . In the last stage, the heated Bakelite was poured into a hollow mould of the required shape …",其中的"cool, break, grind, pour"等動(dòng)詞都是在工作流程中的高頻詞匯。"then, in the last stage"也可以作為極好的連接過渡詞。

劍五Test 4 Reading passage 2關(guān)于強(qiáng)化玻璃的說明文中也有類似的描述句式:"… used to make glass, and nickel can also be introduced by fragments of nickel alloys falling into the molten glass. As the glass is heated, these atoms react to form …"其中的"be used to, introduce, melt, heat"也都可以用在描述中。

3.圖表的描述

由于閱讀文章中也不乏對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)的說明,我們也很容易找到可以在雅思圖表作文中使用的句式。

劍四 Test 2 Reading passage 2中的一段"According to…, 18% of patients…; 12% suffer from…, which is only 1% more than those…. . Those suffering from… represents 7% of their patients, and candida sufferers represent an equal percentage. … represent 6% and 5% respectively, and a further 4% see… "

這是一段很好的排序段范例,在描寫數(shù)據(jù)的同時(shí)也比較了大小,句式變化多樣,考生也不妨學(xué)習(xí)一下。

4.辯論文章觀點(diǎn)的表述

盡管沒有與雅思寫作辯論文章完全對(duì)應(yīng)的形式,閱讀文章中也有很多可以效仿的觀點(diǎn)表述句式,與學(xué)生動(dòng)輒"some people think…"的單調(diào)表述相比,其表達(dá)生動(dòng)多樣。在此進(jìn)行了一些總結(jié):

如"… reject this, pointing out that… ", "When it comes to…,…", "… believe the main reason for… is…", "there is a widespread belief that…", "It was once assumed that…. . However,…", "There is an abundance of evidence to support the belief that…" , "the answer to… depends on…",等。

總之,作為較為正式的英文表達(dá),雅思閱讀是極好的寫作模仿對(duì)象。考生可以從閱讀文章里汲取許多好的句式,以克服在日常寫作中"中式英語"的問題。

5. 用詞

雅思寫作對(duì)詞匯的要求主要是準(zhǔn)確性和多樣性,許多學(xué)生對(duì)這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒有明確的認(rèn)識(shí)和把握,而在閱讀文章中可以很清楚地了解到什么樣的詞匯更適合書面表達(dá)。

雙語閱讀:英國(guó)威廉王子大婚紀(jì)念品開售

Britain's royal wedding is still four months away, but the first official memorabilia went on sale Monday - a range of wedding china personally approved by the couple.

Prince William's office said the items had been commissioned by the palace department responsible for the royal family's art collection and made in Stoke-on-Trent in central England, a traditional center for British ceramics.

The three souvenirs - a tankard, plate and pill box - each feature the couple's entwined initials, the prince's coronet emblem and the date of the wedding - April 29, 2011.

On sale at royal palaces and a website, profits from the collectables will be donated to the charity which curates the royal family's artworks, known as the Royal Collection.

"The Royal Collection has been working on the design since around the time of the engagement - it's a very fast moving process," William's office said in a statement.

His office said that the prince and his future bride had both approved the wedding merchandise.

William and Kate Middleton made her first public appearance on Saturday since announcing their engagement, attending a cancer charity fundraising event in eastern England.

The couple are to be married at Westminster Abbey on April 29 after a lengthy courtship.

距離英國(guó)威廉王子大婚還有4個(gè)月之久,但首批官方紀(jì)念品已于本周一開始出售。據(jù)悉,這套婚禮紀(jì)念瓷器獲得了威廉王子及未婚妻的個(gè)人認(rèn)可。

威廉王子辦公室表示,這套紀(jì)念品由負(fù)責(zé)收藏皇家藝術(shù)品的皇室部門委托制做,并在英格蘭中部素有英國(guó)瓷都之稱的特倫特河畔斯托克生產(chǎn)。

首批紀(jì)念品有三款瓷器,杯子、盤子和藥盒,均印有威廉和凱特盤繞在一起的名字首字母、威廉王子的皇冠徽章、以及婚期2011年4月29日。

紀(jì)念品在皇家宮殿和一家網(wǎng)站出售,所獲利潤(rùn)將捐贈(zèng)給負(fù)責(zé)管理皇家藝術(shù)品的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)——皇家珍藏。

威廉王子辦公室在一份聲明中說:“‘皇家珍藏’自威廉王子訂婚前后才開始設(shè)計(jì)紀(jì)念品,效率非常高?!?/p>

辦公室還表示,威廉王子和準(zhǔn)王妃都認(rèn)可了這套結(jié)婚紀(jì)念品。

上周六,威廉王子攜準(zhǔn)王妃凱特?米德爾頓在英格蘭東部參加了一場(chǎng)癌癥慈善籌款活動(dòng),這是自兩人宣布訂婚后首次公開亮相。

在相戀多年后,兩人將于明年4月29日在威斯敏斯特教堂舉辦婚禮。

雙語閱讀:威廉大婚 英國(guó)發(fā)行郵票慶祝

The Royal Mail will publish stamps commemorating the engagementof Prince William to Kate Middleton.

為慶祝威廉王子和凱特米德爾頓大婚,英國(guó)皇家郵政將會(huì)發(fā)行紀(jì)念郵票。

The stamps, which will be available for purchase on April 21 – notably the Queen's Birthday – will feature two portraits shot by world-renowned photographer Mario Testino. The first stamp replicates the official engagement portrait taken in the Royal Council Chamber, while the second is a less formal shot snapped in the Palace's Cornwall Room.

郵票將在4月21號(hào)也就是女王的生日當(dāng)天發(fā)行,郵票上的照片都是有舉世聞名的攝影師Mario Testino拍攝。第一張郵票上印有的是在皇家會(huì)議室中拍攝的正式訂婚照,而第二張郵票上的照片則是在康沃爾宮房間中拍攝的比較生活化的照片。

This is not the Prince's first time on a Royal Mail stamp. He was previously featured on a sheet of stamps celebrating The Queen Mother's 100th birthday in August of 2000, and, in 2003, his 21st birthday was commemorated by stamp as well.

這不是威廉王子第一次登上皇家郵政發(fā)行的郵票了。在2000年8月慶祝女王百歲生日時(shí)他在發(fā)行的郵票上出現(xiàn)過,2003年為慶祝威廉王子21歲生日,英國(guó)皇家郵政也發(fā)行過郵票。



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