TOEFL托福閱讀長難句分析

為了讓大家更好的準(zhǔn)備托福考試，小編給大家整理托福閱讀長難句，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀長難句1

今天我們來看這樣一個句子：

It has been said that Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners captured in a battle fought near Samarqand between the Chineseand the Muslims in 751, and the technique of papermaking - in which cellulosepulp extracted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets - slowly spread westward.(TPO34, 62)

cellulose /'selj?l??z/ n. 纖維素

pulp /p?lp/ n. 果肉;紙漿

extract /?k'str?kt/ vt. 取出，拔出;壓出, 榨出(汁液等);選錄，摘錄

suspend /s?'spend/ vt. 懸掛或吊起某物;使(某物)懸浮;使(某事物)暫停

screen n. (篩煤﹑ 礫石等的)篩子

flexible /'fl?ks?bl/ adj. 易彎曲的，柔韌的， 有彈性的

大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解

It has been said that Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners (capturedin a battle)(fought near Samarqand)(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751), and the technique of papermaking - (in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of several plants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets) - slowly spread westward.(TPO34, 62)

托福閱讀長難句100句分析：

這個句子的主干是：

It has been said that + 從句

從句的主干是：

Chinese papermakers were among the prisoners and the technique of papermaking slowly spread westward

修飾一：(captured in a battle)，非謂語動詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾the prisoners

中文：在戰(zhàn)爭中被俘

修飾二：(fought near Samarqand)，非謂語動詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾battle

中文：在撒馬爾罕附近

修飾三：(between the Chinese and the Muslims in 751)，介詞短語

中文：在751年，在中國和穆斯林之間

修飾四：(in which cellulose pulp extracted from any of severalplants is first suspended in water, caught on a fine screen, and then dried into flexible sheets)，從句，修飾the technique of papermaking

注意：從句里面還有一個非謂語動詞修飾cellulosepulp

cellulose pulp (extracted from any ofseveral plants) is first suspended in water

中文：首先從幾顆植物中提取纖維素紙漿懸浮在水中，在精致的篩子上過濾，然后烘干成有韌性的紙張

托福閱讀長難句100句參考翻譯：

據(jù)說在751年，在中國和穆斯林之間，在撒馬爾罕附近的一場戰(zhàn)役中，中國的造紙匠被虜成為囚犯，這樣造紙術(shù)(首先從幾顆植物中提取纖維素紙漿懸浮在水中，在精致的篩子上過濾，然后烘干成有韌性的紙張)才緩慢向西方傳播。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是非謂語動詞、介詞短語和從句，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。

托福閱讀長難句2

For example, in traditional architecture, stone or brick walls served a structural role, but in a steel-beam building the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, which meant that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways. (TPO37, 50)

beam /bi?m/ n. 梁

skeleton /'sk?l?tn/ n. 骨骼，骨架

大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解

(For example), (in traditional architecture), stone or brick walls served a structural role, but (in a steel-beam building) the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams, (which meant) (that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.) (TPO37, 50)

托福閱讀長難句100句分析：

這個句子的主干：

stone or brick walls served a structural role, but the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams

修飾一：(For example) ，介詞短語

中文：例如

修飾二：(in traditional architecture) ，介詞短語

中文：在傳統(tǒng)建筑設(shè)計中

修飾三：(in a steel-beam building) ，介詞短語

中文：在鋼梁的建筑中

修飾四：(which meant) ，從句

中文：意味著

修飾五：(that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.) ，從句

中文：墻和角落不再需要是實(shí)心的而是以一種意外的方式能夠打開

托福閱讀長難句100句參考翻譯：

例如，在傳統(tǒng)的建筑設(shè)計中，石頭墻或磚墻起到了結(jié)構(gòu)性作用，但在鋼梁的建筑中，墻本質(zhì)上是懸掛在鋼梁的內(nèi)在骨架上，這意味著墻和角落不再需要是實(shí)心的而是以一種意外的方式能夠打開。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是從句和介詞短語，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。

托福閱讀長難句3

Anaximander,observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar, was probably the first of the Greek philosophers to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth--an idea that, elaborated upon later, would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century.(TPO37, 46)

polestarn. 北極星

sphere /sf??/ n. 球體，球形;范圍;社會階層，社會地位

elaborate/?'l?b?ret/ v. 詳盡解釋或說明，詳細(xì)制定

prevail /pr?'ve?l/ v. 流行，盛行

advent /'?dv?nt/ n. 來臨，到來

大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解

Anaximander, (observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar), was probably the first of the Greek philosophers (to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth)--(an idea) (that, (elaborated upon later), would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century).(TPO37, 46)

托福閱讀長難句100句分析：

這個句子的主干：

Anaximander was probably the first of the Greek philosophers

修飾一：(observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar) ，

非謂語動詞

中文：觀察圍繞北極星運(yùn)動的天體

修飾二：(to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth) ，非謂語動詞

中文：把天空描繪成完全圍繞地球的球體

修飾三：(an idea) ，同位語

中文：一個想法

修飾四：(elaborated upon later) ，非謂語動詞

中文：后來被詳細(xì)闡述

修飾五：(that would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century) ，從句，修飾idea

中文：會流行到17世紀(jì)科技革命的到來。

托福閱讀長難句100句參考翻譯：

Anaximander(一直觀察圍繞北極星運(yùn)動的天體)可能是第一個希臘哲學(xué)家把天空描繪成完全圍繞地球的球體——這個想法(后來被詳細(xì)闡述)會流行到17世紀(jì)科技革命的到來。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是從句、非謂語動詞以及同位語，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。

托福閱讀長難句4

The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened during the rest of the century by the rise of a type of government known as a tyranny, which is a form of interim rule by a popular strongman (not rule by a ruthless dictator as the modem use of the term suggests to us). (TPO40, 54)

tyranny /'t?r?ni/ n. 殘暴，專橫，專制

interim /'?nt?r?m/ adj. 臨時的，暫時的

ruthless /'ru?θl?s/ adj. 無憐憫心的，殘忍的

dictator /d?k'te?t?/ n. 獨(dú)裁者;霸道的人，愛發(fā)號施令者

rule n. 統(tǒng)治，管理

大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解

The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened (during the rest of the century) (by the rise of a type of government) (known as a tyranny), (which is a form of interim rule by a popular strongman) (not rule (by a ruthless dictator) (as the modem use of the term suggests to us)).(TPO40, 54)

托福閱讀長難句100句解析：

這個句子的主干就是：

The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened

修飾一：(during the rest of the century) ，介詞短語

中文：在這個世紀(jì)剩余的時間里

修飾二：(by the rise of a type ofgovernment)，介詞短語

中文：一種類型政府的崛起

修飾三：(known as a tyranny) ，非謂語動詞

中文：稱之為專制

修飾四：(which is a form of interim ruleby a popular strongman) ，從句

中文：它是被一個鐵腕人物暫時管理的一種形式

修飾五：(by a ruthless dictator) ，介詞短語

中文：通過一個無情的獨(dú)裁者

修飾六：(as the modem use of the termsuggests to us)，從句

中文：正如現(xiàn)在使用這個詞表明的那樣

托福閱讀長難句100句參考翻譯：

在這個世紀(jì)剩余的時間里，雅典貴族的力量由于專制政府——它是被一個鐵腕人物暫時管理的一種形式(不是我們現(xiàn)在使用這個詞表明的那樣是由一個無情的獨(dú)裁者統(tǒng)治)——的興起進(jìn)一步削弱了。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是從句、介詞短語和非謂語動詞，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。

托福閱讀長難句5

The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C., when he broke the aristocracy’s stranglehold on elected offices by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of whichall citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases. (TPO40, 64)

aristocracy /??r?'st?kr?s?/ n. 貴族階級，貴族

stranglehold /'str??ɡlh?uld/ n. 扼制，壓制，束縛

abolish /?'b?l??/ v. 廢除，廢止

obligation /?bl?'ge??(?)n/ n. 義務(wù)，職責(zé)

assembly /?'sembl?/ n. 集合，集會;裝配，安裝

overrule /??v?'ru?l/ v. 否決，駁回

大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解

The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C., (when he broke the aristocracy’s stranglehold on elected offices) (by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases.)(TPO40, 64)

托福閱讀長難句100句分析：

這個句子的主干就是：

The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B.C.

修飾一：(when he broke the aristocracy’s stranglehold on elected offices) ，從句

中文：當(dāng)他打破了貴族對于選舉的束縛。

修飾二：(by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing the economic obligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of whichall citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts incertain cases.)，介詞短語

這個修飾成分比較復(fù)雜，介詞后面接了三個并列的非謂語動詞：

1：establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding

2：abolishing the economicobligations of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy

3：allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule the decisions of local courts in certain cases.

其中第3個非謂語動詞中還有一個從句：

of which all citizens were equal members

三個并列的非謂語動詞中文如下：

1：確定財富而不是出身作為任職的基礎(chǔ)

2：廢除了普通雅典民眾對貴族的經(jīng)濟(jì)義務(wù)

3：并且允許大會(所有公民都是平等的成員)在一些情況下否決當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ旱臎Q定

中文：他通過確定財富而不是出身作為任職的基礎(chǔ)、廢除了普通雅典民眾對貴族的經(jīng)濟(jì)義務(wù)并且允許大會(所有公民都是平等的成員)在一些情況下否決當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ旱臎Q定

托福閱讀長難句100句參考翻譯：

改變的第一步是在公元前594年由Solon發(fā)起的，那時候他通過確定財富而不是出身作為任職的基礎(chǔ)、廢除了普通雅典民眾對貴族的經(jīng)濟(jì)義務(wù)并且允許大會(所有公民都是平等的成員)在一些情況下否決當(dāng)?shù)胤ㄔ旱臎Q定，打破了貴族對于選舉的束縛。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是從句和介詞短語，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。