雅思閱讀考試簡介
剛開始接觸雅思閱讀，考生們會發(fā)現(xiàn)雅思閱讀和國內(nèi)的一些英語考試還是有很多不同。 今天小編給大家?guī)砹搜潘奸喿x考試簡介,希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧。
雅思閱讀考試簡介
雅思閱讀簡介
雅思考試分為A類和G類，這個考生們都知道。在A類和G類雅思考試中，聽力和口語考試是一樣的，但閱讀和寫作的題目完全不同。這是基于留學(xué)和移民人群的不同考察方向。
雅思閱讀一共是3篇文章，40題，每題一分，按照分數(shù)段0-9分劃分?？荚嚳倳r間60分鐘(含答案謄寫時間)。
雅思A類閱讀文章主要涉及一些大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)文章，包含人文社科、科學(xué)技術(shù)甚至醫(yī)學(xué)等多個領(lǐng)域的科普文章。而雅思G類閱讀文章則偏向于生活和實際應(yīng)用文，比如廣告，傳單，報紙等。
整體上雅思閱讀每篇的篇幅在1800-2200字左右，整個考試時間還是比較緊張的。
雅思閱讀文章來源
這里只說A類雅思閱讀的文章來源，大部分摘選自國外主流媒體的報刊雜志，或某些政府及組織的研究報告等，并適當(dāng)做改寫。
雅思閱讀真題中出現(xiàn)過：太空，宇宙概況，以及外星生物探討;全球氣候變暖，厄爾尼諾，洋流異常，臭氧層破壞;環(huán)境保護(海洋，生物，陸地，森林等)及環(huán)境污染(化學(xué)，石油泄漏等)，語言學(xué)，考古學(xué)，生物學(xué)，簡單醫(yī)學(xué)等等。
比如國外知名的：新科學(xué)家，就是一份內(nèi)容水平很高的科普雜志，不僅雅思，托福及其他考試中，這類期刊雜志的文章常常被引用。
還有大家比較熟悉的《國家地理》、《科學(xué)美國人》等。因為其文章的學(xué)術(shù)性強，權(quán)威性很高，在歐美國家民眾心目中有很高的地位。
雅思閱讀中引用的其他雜志包括：《自然》、《泰晤士報》等。
G類雅思閱讀的內(nèi)容來源就比較雜了，主要是其文章覆蓋面很廣，包括菜單、產(chǎn)品說明書、通知和廣告等，都是實用性很強的應(yīng)用型文章，基本來源于一些生活報刊或廣告宣傳頁。
雅思閱讀題型簡介
雅思閱讀題型包括：選擇題、填空題、判斷題和配對題，以此延伸出的題型還有信息匹配題，標(biāo)題配對，及句子總結(jié)題，流程圖及地圖題等。
選擇題包括單選和多項題，這個不再強調(diào)了。
關(guān)于雅思閱讀判斷題，不同于國內(nèi)的T/F，雅思閱讀判斷題多了Not Given.
配對題包括信息配對和段落標(biāo)題配對題。
整體上雅思閱讀題目是按照順序原則出題，只有配對題的題目是不按照文章的順序來的。
雅思閱讀備考計劃
通過上面的介紹，考生們大致可以做個雅思閱讀備考計劃。在刷題之外，考生們主要的復(fù)習(xí)重心還是要放在詞匯積累和閱讀題型技巧掌握上。
關(guān)于雅思閱讀詞匯量，官方?jīng)]有劃定界限，不過一般要求是4000-8000，具體詞匯以劍雅真題上雅思閱讀部分的內(nèi)容做參考。不過雅思閱讀詞匯的要求并不高，對于專業(yè)詞匯考生不必掌握，大部分冷門專業(yè)詞匯并不會影響考生的整體閱讀。而其他詞匯則只需要了解大意，不需要拼寫。
雅思閱讀對考生的學(xué)術(shù)知識儲備要求較高，所以平時可以適當(dāng)進行泛讀訓(xùn)練。一方面是詞匯量的積累，背景知識的拓展，對于閱讀內(nèi)容的熟悉程度一定程度上也能提高雅思閱讀做題速度。
雅思閱讀材料：美國胖妹為比伯減肥110斤
A Justin Bieber superfan has lost more than eight stone in a bid to make her pop star idol notice her.
一位賈斯汀-比伯的超級粉絲為了讓偶像注意到她，減掉了超過八英石的體重。
Now weighing in at 10.5 stone Bryanna Debinder, 20, shed an incredible 122 lbs in just a year after becoming jealous of the slim girls who were pulled on stage by Bieber during his concerts.
現(xiàn)在重10.5英石(約合66公斤)，20歲的布里安娜僅僅一年就減掉了122磅(約為110斤)的體重，只是因為嫉妒那些可以在演唱會上被比伯拉上臺的苗條女孩們。
'Every time I saw him pull up a pretty, slim girl on stage, I just thought: 'that should be me',' said Bryanna, of Temple, near Reading, Pennsylvania.
“每次我看到他拉那些漂亮苗條的女孩上臺，我都會想’那個人應(yīng)該是我!’”來自賓夕法尼亞州開普的布里安娜這樣說道。
'Everyone deserves a chance to be noticed by the person they love, and I'm his biggest fan.
“每個人都有機會得到她愛的人的注意，而且我是他的超級粉絲?！?/p>
The Penn State University psychology student's obsession with Bieber, also 20, began when she saw him on MTV in 2009.
這位賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)心理學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生和比伯同齡，2009年在MTV上見到比伯后自此迷得一發(fā)不可收拾。
As the then clean-cut pop star crooned to his platinum-selling single 'One Time', Bryanna fell in love and there began an obsession that would change her life.
當(dāng)時長相清秀的流行歌手比伯深情演唱了白金單曲《One Time》，布里安娜陷入了愛河，并開始完全癡迷并從此改變了她的生活。
雅思閱讀材料：生活艱難時需要做的13件事
We’ve all gone through hard times. And we all get through them. However, some get through them better than others. So what is their secret? Most of it has to do with attitude. Here are 13 things to remember when life gets rough:
我們都有過灰暗的日子，也都熬過來了。然而有些的人心態(tài)會比其他人要好，他們的秘訣是什么?其實主要就是取決于你的態(tài)度罷了。看看生活艱難時可以做的13件事吧。
1. What is, is
坦然接受現(xiàn)實
Buddha’s famous saying tells us: “It is your resistance to ‘what is’ that causes your suffering.” Think about that for a minute. It means that our suffering only occurs when we resist how things are. If you can change something, then take action! Change it! But if you can’t change it, then you have two choices: (1) either accept it and let go of the negativity, or (2) make yourself miserable by obsessing over it.
佛教有句經(jīng)典的話：“你的痛苦都源于對現(xiàn)實的抗拒?！焙煤孟胂脒@句話。這意味著只有當(dāng)你不接受現(xiàn)實時才會產(chǎn)生痛苦。如果你能改變什么，那就開始行動吧，改變它!但如果無法改變，你就有兩個選擇，(1)要不去接受要不就忽視消極的部分，或者(2)不斷的折磨自己讓自己更加痛苦
2. It’s only a problem if you think it’s a problem
只有你覺得這是個問題的時候才會是個問題
Many times, we are our own worst enemy. Happiness is really dependent on perspective. If you think something is a problem, then your thoughts and emotions will be negative. But if you think it’s something you can learn from, then suddenly, it’s not a problem anymore.
很多時候，我們是自己的敵人。幸福取決于你的觀察角度。如果你覺得一件事是個問題，那么你的想法和情緒都會變得消極。但如果你覺得這是學(xué)習(xí)的好機會，看看，突然就不是啥問題了。
3. If you want things to change, you need to start with changing yourself
如果你想改變什么，那就從改變自己開始吧
Your outer world is a reflection of your inner world. Don’t you know people whose lives are chaotic and stressful? And isn’t that largely because they feel chaotic inside? Yes, it is. We like to think that changing our circumstances will change us. But we have it backwards—we need to change ourselves first before our circumstances will change.
你的外在是內(nèi)在的一個反應(yīng)。你難道不覺得那些外表看起來亂糟糟亞歷山大的人們其實內(nèi)心也是一團亂麻么?的確是這樣。我們總是覺得改變環(huán)境就能改變自己。其實我們弄反了-我們需要先改變自己才能隨之改變環(huán)境。
4. There is no such thing as failure—only learning opportunities
沒什么失敗-這只是一個學(xué)習(xí)的機會而已
You should just wipe the word “failure” right out of your vocabulary. All great people who have ever achieved anything have “failed” over and over. In fact, I think it was Thomas Edison who said something like, “I did not fail at inventing the light bulb, I just first found 99 ways that it didn’t work.” Take your so-called “failures” and learn something from them. Learn how to do it better next time.
把“失敗"這個詞從你的字典里抹去吧。很多成就大事業(yè)的人都曾不止一次的失敗過。實際上，我非常贊同愛迪生說的那句話”我從來沒有在發(fā)明燈泡的過程中失敗過，我只是找到了99種不可行的辦法而已?！鞍涯隳切┧^的”失敗“當(dāng)成學(xué)習(xí)的機會吧。學(xué)著下次怎么做的更好。
5. If you don’t get something you want, it just means something better is coming
如果沒有得到想要的，只說明你值得擁有更好的
That’s hard to believe sometimes, I know. But it’s true. Usually, when you look back at your life, you will be able to see why it was actually a good thing that something didn’t work out. Maybe the job you didn’t get would have made you spend more time away from your family, but the job you did get was more flexible. Just have faith that everything happens exactly the way it’s supposed to.
有時候的確很難去相信，但這是真的。通常，當(dāng)你回過頭看一看，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)正是一些事沒有成功才會有后面的好事發(fā)生。也許那個沒有拿到手的工作會讓你無比繁忙沒法陪家人，而獲得的職位上班時間更加自由。只要相信，每件事都會有暗藏的方向。
6. Appreciate the present moment
珍惜當(dāng)下
This moment will never come again. And there is always something precious about every moment. So don’t let it pass you by! Soon it will just be a memory. Even moments that don’t seem happy can be looked upon as something that you might miss someday. As the country song by Trace Adkins says, “You’re gonna miss this…you’re gonna want this back. You’re gonna wish these days hadn’t gone by so fast….you may not know this now, but you’re gonna miss this…”
正當(dāng)時一去不復(fù)返。每個時刻都有寶貴的東西。所以不要讓時間匆匆溜走!很快現(xiàn)在也會成為你回憶的一部分。每個你不快樂的時光在日后都會成為你去想念回憶的部分。就想Trace Adkin在鄉(xiāng)村歌曲里唱的那般：”你會去懷念，會想重頭再來。你會希望這些日子沒有飛速流逝，也許現(xiàn)在你不知道，但你真的會去想念“
7. Let go of desire
減少欲望
Most people live with “attached mind.” What this means is that they attach themselves to a desire, and when they don’t get it, their emotions plummet into negativity. Instead, try to practice “detached mind.” That means that when you want something, you will still be happy whether you get it or not. Your emotions remain happy or neutral.
很多人在”欲望中“生存。也就是他們會把自己和欲望緊緊聯(lián)系在一起，當(dāng)沒有得到滿足，他們的就會產(chǎn)生消極的情緒。與其這樣，不如試著給自己的思想減負吧。意思就是你想要什么的時候，無論得到?jīng)]得到都會一樣的開心。你的情緒不會受到太大的干擾。
8. Understand and be grateful for your fears
理解感激你的恐懼
Fear can be a great teacher. And overcoming fears can also make you feel victorious. For example, when I was in college, I feared public speaking (one of the top 3 fears of all humans). So I find it humorous now that not only do I speak in front of a group every day by being a college professor, I also teach public speaking! Overcoming fears just takes practice. Fear is really just an illusion. It’s optional.
恐懼可以是你的好老師。戰(zhàn)勝恐懼也能讓你更加強大。比如，我讀大學(xué)的時候，我害怕公開演講(這大概是排名前三會讓人類恐懼的事情)。然而現(xiàn)在我不僅會作為一個大學(xué)教授每天在一群人面前說話，還會教公開演講的課程，這真是非常有意思的事情。戰(zhàn)勝恐懼需要聯(lián)系。恐懼只是幻覺，就看你的選擇了。
9. Allow yourself to experience joy
允許自己享樂
Believe it or not, I know way too many people who don’t allow themselves to have fun. And they don’t even know how to be happy. Some people are actually addicted to their problems and the chaos in them so much that they wouldn’t even know who they are without them. So try to allow yourself to be happy! Even if it’s just for a small moment, it’s important to focus on joy, not your hardships.
信不信，我知道很多人都不允許自己玩樂。他們甚至不知道如何開心。有些人深陷自身麻煩和煩擾無法自拔甚至不愿意試圖去擺脫。所以要讓自己開心起來!哪怕是很短的時間，好好的樂一樂非常重要，不要總是執(zhí)迷于痛苦。
10. Don’t compare yourself to other people
不要跟別人比
But if you do compare yourself, compare yourself with people who have it worse than you. Unemployed? Be grateful that you live in a country that gives unemployment compensation, because most people in the world live on less that $750 a year. So you don’t look like Angelina Jolie? Well, I bet there are more people who don’t than do. And you are probably way better looking than most people. Focus on that.
如果真的要去比，那就把自己和比你差的人拿來比較吧。失業(yè)?感激你的國家還有失業(yè)保障制度吧，世界上大部分人年薪不到750美金。自己沒有安吉麗娜朱莉那么漂亮?好吧，我覺得基本上大家都滿足不了這點。而且你比大部分人好看。多想想這些吧。
11. You are not a victim
你不是受害者
You need to get out of your own way. You are only a “victim” of your own thoughts, words and actions. No one “does” something to you. You are the creator of your own experience. Take personal responsibility and realize that you can get out of your hard times. You just need to start with changing your thoughts and actions. Abandon your victim mentality and become victorious. From victim to VICTOR!
你需要從自己的框架中走出來。你只是自己想法、語言和行為的受害者。其他人不能對你做任何事。你是自己生活的導(dǎo)演。對自己負責(zé)，相信自己有能力走出困境。你只需要改變自己的想法和行動。把那種受害者心理趕走，積極點吧，從受害者轉(zhuǎn)為成功者!
12. Things can—and do—change
事情可以——可以——改變
“And this too shall pass” is one of my favorite sayings. When we are stuck in a bad situation, we think that there is no way out. We think nothing will ever change. But guess what? It will! Nothing is permanent except death. So get out of the habit of thinking that things will always be this way. They won’t. But you do need to take some sort of action for things to change. It won’t magically happen all on its own.
“一切都會過去的”是我最喜歡的一句話。當(dāng)我們身處困境，感覺毫無出路。我們覺得一切不會好轉(zhuǎn)了。但猜猜會怎樣?會好起來的!除去死亡沒有什么是永恒的。所以不要再去固執(zhí)的認為事情會一成不變了。都會變的。你需要行動起來做出改變。事情不會自己神奇的去發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變的。“
13. Anything is possible
一切皆有可能
Miracles happen every day. Really—they do. I wish I had enough space to write about all the miraculous things that have happened to people I know—from healing stage 4 cancer naturally to having their soul mate appear out of nowhere. Trust me: it happens all the time. You just need to believe it does. Once you do, you have won the battle.
每天都有奇跡。真的是這樣。我真希望有足夠的空間寫下那些發(fā)生過的奇跡-從四期癌癥中自然治愈到突然遇到另一半。相信我：奇跡一直都在發(fā)生。你只需要去相信。一旦你信了，就贏了。
雅思閱讀相關(guān)文章：
★ 雅思考試
★ 英語文摘
下一篇：如何提升雅思閱讀速度
