自學(xué)雅思閱讀有什么方法
大多數(shù)學(xué)生在準(zhǔn)備雅思考試時(shí)都希望能自學(xué)。那么，雅思閱讀怎么自學(xué)呢?下面小編就和大家分享自學(xué)雅思閱讀有什么方法，希望能夠幫助到大家，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
自學(xué)雅思閱讀有什么方法
自學(xué)雅思閱讀的方法一、前期準(zhǔn)備
正備考的同學(xué)能夠?qū)⑦@段時(shí)間抓緊，提前做好準(zhǔn)備了。提前的時(shí)間不同的人是不一樣的，有一定大學(xué)四級(jí)水平的考生通常要3個(gè)月左右，而起點(diǎn)較低的考生可能需要半年甚至是更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。
在這個(gè)階段，大家一定要準(zhǔn)備以下內(nèi)容：
1、基礎(chǔ)詞匯
有的考生總分目標(biāo)在6分，起碼要求的詞匯量5500左右。若已經(jīng)距離上目標(biāo)很遠(yuǎn)，如此是肯定要選擇一本單詞手冊(cè)，開(kāi)始背誦單詞了。當(dāng)大家選擇選詞匯手冊(cè)時(shí)，必須要注意到選擇適合自己水平的詞匯表，不要盲目求全、求快。收詞量如果遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于考生自身的詞匯量，會(huì)使考生受挫，從而厭倦背單詞，因此要一步步地背起。建議基礎(chǔ)較薄弱的考生從高考詞匯表開(kāi)始背起，高中畢業(yè)生可以選擇從大學(xué)四、六級(jí)詞匯背起。
2、基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法
語(yǔ)法知識(shí)針對(duì)英語(yǔ)使用者而言是相當(dāng)重要的，由于此不但關(guān)系到聽(tīng)力和閱讀中長(zhǎng)難句的理解，針對(duì)主觀性測(cè)試口語(yǔ)和寫作上而言，語(yǔ)法是可以有助于大家構(gòu)建正確、地道的句型。若沒(méi)有扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法功底，那么一定要惡補(bǔ)起來(lái)了。語(yǔ)法書(shū)肯定是要配有大量的主觀題練習(xí)題，但并非所有都是選擇題，如此針對(duì)考生的寫句子能力有很大幫助。
其次，語(yǔ)法書(shū)并非從開(kāi)始看起，應(yīng)該是要從重要的章節(jié)看起。提醒大家可以根據(jù)如此的順序看：句子的基本類型：名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)間的話再去看其它的如名詞與冠詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞與副詞的內(nèi)容。
雅思閱讀自學(xué)方法二、熱身階段
在前期準(zhǔn)備有了大致的準(zhǔn)備以后，是能夠開(kāi)始正式的熱身復(fù)習(xí)階段了。此時(shí)間大概要求2-3個(gè)月的時(shí)間。在這段時(shí)間可以用復(fù)習(xí)真題為主。教材選用《劍橋雅思》系列的4-11。
雅思閱讀材料：如何清潔眼鏡片
Nearly 50% of Americans wear corrective glasses, according to the trade group Vision Council. And most of them are guilty of the biggest crime in lens care: Exhaling onto their lenses, then wiping the fog off with their shirt sleeves. But does this really damage your lenses? Teri Geist, an optometrist in Omaha, Neb., and chairwoman for the American Optometric Association, weighs in.
行業(yè)組織VisionCouncil提供的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，接近50%的美國(guó)人佩戴用于矯正視力的眼鏡。他們中的大多數(shù)人在眼鏡護(hù)理過(guò)程中都犯過(guò)一個(gè)最嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤：對(duì)著鏡片哈一口氣，然后用襯衫袖子把鏡片上的霧擦掉。這真的會(huì)對(duì)鏡片造成損害嗎?美國(guó)驗(yàn)光學(xué)會(huì)主席、內(nèi)布拉斯加州奧馬哈市的驗(yàn)光師蓋斯特(Teri Geist)對(duì)此進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。
Simple Solution
簡(jiǎn)單方法
Though there are countless products on the market claiming to wipe streaks away, the AOA recommends the most basic of options: kitchen-sink soap. The best way to clean your glasses, says Dr. Geist, is to run them under warm water and put a tiny drop of dishwashing detergent on the tip of your fingers to create a lather on the lens. Then rinse with warm water, and dry with a clean, soft cotton cloth.
盡管市場(chǎng)上有無(wú)數(shù)產(chǎn)品聲稱可以擦掉眼鏡鏡片上的污痕，但美國(guó)驗(yàn)光學(xué)會(huì)(American Optometric Association)推薦的是最基本的選擇：廚房洗潔精。美國(guó)驗(yàn)光學(xué)會(huì)主席蓋斯特(Teri Geist)稱，清潔眼鏡的方式是將其在溫水下沖洗，在指尖滴一小滴洗潔精，在鏡片上打出泡沫，然后用溫水洗凈，并用干凈柔軟的棉布擦干。
'Everyone uses their shirt cloth─worst thing!' she says. 'Your shirttail almost certainly carries dust, and that has the potential of scratching your lens.'
她說(shuō)：“很多人都用他們的襯衫下擺擦眼鏡──這是最糟糕的做法!你的襯
衣下擺幾乎肯定沾有塵土，這可能會(huì)刮壞鏡片?！?/p>
Glass vs. Plastic
玻璃鏡片與樹(shù)脂鏡片
Of the 69.1 million Americans who bought prescription spectacles last year, most purchased plastic lenses; glass has gone out of fashion as safety concerns have arisen. Unlike that hard surface, plastic is soft and can scratch easily.
去年，6,910萬(wàn)美國(guó)人購(gòu)買了處方眼鏡，其中多數(shù)都是樹(shù)脂鏡片;由于對(duì)安全的擔(dān)憂上升，玻璃鏡片已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)。與玻璃鏡片堅(jiān)硬的表面不同，樹(shù)脂鏡片柔軟而且容易被刮壞。
Once lenses are scraped up, 'there is no way to buff that scratch out,' says Dr. Geist. Attempting to clean glasses when dry only exacerbates the problem, since a wet surface is slicker than a dry one. 'People breathe on their glasses then grab a Kleenex or paper towel or napkin because they're convenient, but the rough fibers that they're comprised of might leave debris behind,' Dr. Geist says. She adds that special microfiber cloths are good for dry touch-ups during the day, but aren't a stand-in for a thorough, soapy cleaning. Neither is your breath.
蓋斯特博士說(shuō)，一旦鏡片有了刮痕，“就沒(méi)有辦法除去”。在鏡片干燥時(shí)擦眼鏡只會(huì)加劇問(wèn)題，因?yàn)闈駶?rùn)的表面會(huì)比干燥的表面光滑一些。蓋斯特博士說(shuō)：“人們?cè)阽R片上哈氣，然后順手抓起一張餐巾紙去擦眼鏡，但構(gòu)成餐巾紙的粗糙纖維可能會(huì)在鏡片上留下碎屑?！彼a(bǔ)充說(shuō)，特殊的超細(xì)纖維布適于干擦鏡片，但它不能替代徹底的皂液清潔方法。你的哈氣也不行。
Reflecting on the Problem
涂層問(wèn)題
Lenses typically have some form of protective coating and should never come into contact with ammonia, bleach, vinegar or window cleaner. 'Those chemicals can break down the coating or just strip them,' says Dr. Geist. 'You know those bubbles you sometimes see on your lens? Those are caused by 'cleansing' solutions.' Avoid the problem by requesting anti-glare and UV coatings that are embedded within the lens, which can cost about $100 more than regular-coated lenses.
鏡片通常有某種形式的防護(hù)涂層，因此不應(yīng)接觸氨、漂白劑、醋和窗戶清潔劑。蓋斯特博士說(shuō)：“這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)破壞或者洗掉涂層。你知道有時(shí)在鏡片上看到的泡泡印是怎么回事嗎?那就是用‘清潔劑’導(dǎo)致的?！币笤阽R片中加入防眩光和紫外線涂層可以避免這個(gè)問(wèn)題，這種鏡片的價(jià)格比普通涂層鏡片高出約100美元。
Clean Lines
清潔產(chǎn)品
Natural oils from your hands, eyelashes and face can lead to a lot of buildup each day, reducing lenses' effectiveness. Leaving spectacles on a sink or vanity, where hair spray and perfume can fly through the air, adds to the residue. The AOA recommends washing glasses every morning, paying special attention to the frames and earpieces, where hair product and makeup tend to rub off. Whatever you do, don't use the most handy form of water to clean your lenses. 'Some people use spit, but don't,' urges Dr. Geist. Though dirty glasses won't cause an eye infection, saliva 'is not the best hygiene method, and it just won't work very well,' she says. Soap, warm water and a dry cloth are all you need, once a day, to keep glasses optimally clean and functional. 'I have had patients who say they can't see well, but it turns out it is just the scratches,' says Dr. Geist.
手、睫毛和面部每天產(chǎn)生的天然油脂可能大量堆積在鏡片上，降低鏡片的透光性。將眼鏡放在水池或衛(wèi)生間臺(tái)面等可能殘留發(fā)膠和香水飛沫的地方會(huì)增加殘留物。美國(guó)驗(yàn)光學(xué)會(huì)建議每天早上清洗眼鏡，尤其應(yīng)該注意鏡框和鏡腳等容易擦到護(hù)發(fā)品和化妝品的地方。無(wú)論你做什么，都不要用最現(xiàn)成的“水”來(lái)清潔鏡片。蓋斯特博士說(shuō)：“有些人用唾液，可千萬(wàn)別這么做?！北M管臟鏡片不會(huì)導(dǎo)致眼部感染，但唾液“不是最衛(wèi)生的方法，而且它的效果也不好”。你只需要每天用皂液、溫水和一塊干布，即可保持眼鏡清潔好用。蓋斯特博士說(shuō)：“我的患者中，有些人說(shuō)他們看不清，結(jié)果只是鏡片上有劃痕?！?/p>
雅思閱讀材料：印度男子與39位妻子
A 66-year-old man in India's remote northeast has 39 wives, 94 children and 33 grandchildren, all living under one roof。
They all live in a four storied building with 100 rooms in a mountainous village in Mizoram state, sharing borders with Burma and Bangladesh, according to reports。
"I once married 10 women in one year," Ziona Chana said。
His wives share a dormitory near Ziona's private bedroom and locals said he likes to have seven or eight of them by his side at all times。
The sons and their wives, and all their children, live in different rooms in the same building, but share a common kitchen。
The wives take turns cooking, while his daughters clean the house and do washing. The men do outdoor jobs like farming and taking care of livestock。
The family, all 167 of them, consumes around 200lb of rice and more than 130lb of potatoes a day. They are supported by their own resources and occasional donations from followers。
"Even today, I am ready to expand my family and willing to go to any extent to marry," Ziona said。
"I have so many people to care (for) and look after, and I consider myself a lucky man."
Mr Chana met his oldest wife, who is three years older than he is, when he was 17.
He heads a local Christian religious sect, called the "Chana", which allows polygamy. Formed in June 1942, the sect believes it will soon be ruling the world with Christ and has a membership of around 400 families。
印度東北部一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)有一位66歲男子，他共有39位妻子、94名兒女和33個(gè)孫子女，所有人都生活在一起。
據(jù)報(bào)道，他們?nèi)甲≡谟《让鬃衾钒钜粋€(gè)山村中的一棟四層小樓里，樓中共有100個(gè)房間。米佐拉姆邦與緬甸和孟加拉國(guó)接壤。
這名叫齊奧納?查納的男子說(shuō)：“我曾經(jīng)在一年內(nèi)娶了10個(gè)老婆?！?/p>
齊奧納私人臥室旁邊有一間大寢室是他的妻子們共用的，當(dāng)?shù)厝苏f(shuō)齊奧納喜歡身邊總是有七八位老婆陪著他。
他的兒子和兒媳們，以及孫輩們住在同一棟樓的不同房間里，但他們共用一個(gè)廚房。
齊奧納的妻子們和媳婦們輪流做飯，而他的女兒們則負(fù)責(zé)打掃房子和洗衣服。家庭里的男人們負(fù)責(zé)耕種、喂養(yǎng)家畜等戶外工作。
這個(gè)167人的大家庭要吃掉約200磅米飯、130多磅土豆。他們基本能自給自足，偶爾也會(huì)有追隨者贈(zèng)送一些食物給他們。
齊奧納說(shuō)：“即使是現(xiàn)在，我也很愿意繼續(xù)娶妻，擴(kuò)大我的家庭?！?/p>
“我有這么多親人可以去關(guān)心和照顧，我覺(jué)得我是個(gè)幸運(yùn)的人?！?/p>
查納在17歲時(shí)遇到了他的老婆，她大他三歲。
查納是當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€(gè)叫“查納”的基.督.教派別的，該教創(chuàng)立于1942年6月，允許一夫多妻制。目前，該教派約有400個(gè)家庭的教徒，并且認(rèn)為他們很快就會(huì)和耶穌一起統(tǒng)治世界。
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