托福聽力遇到生詞該如何應對

在托福聽力進行的過程中，大家總是難免遇到生詞。今天小編給大家?guī)硗懈Ｂ犃τ龅缴~該如何應對，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福聽力遇到生詞該如何應對?

(1)在連續(xù)不斷聽各種各樣的英語題材中解決疑難問題。

例如VOA I980年在播送military junta(南美各國政變后上臺的軍政府)中的iunta一詞時，詞中的j發(fā)h的音。根據(jù)這個發(fā)音在詞典上查不到，請教別人也得不到答案。1981年某日 的VOA節(jié)目專門回答了聽眾提出的這一個語音問題，才知道是junta這個詞的一種異讀。

(2)根據(jù)上下文的意思推敲。

現(xiàn)代信息社會的語言發(fā)展很快，新詞層出不窮，經(jīng)常會碰到一些詞典里查不著的詞，或者一個老的詞隨著時間的推移又有了新的釋義等等。碰到這種情況，除了向別 人請教外，只有靠自己獨立判斷了。所以這種根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容判斷(新詞的意思或者詞的新義)的做法不是圖省事，而是為了鍛煉一種對于英語水平較高的人來說 必須具備的猜測詞義的本領。

例如demagnetize一詞在詞典里只有“去磁、消磁”等解釋，但是在報導古巴外逃難民去美國的消息里用了此詞，顯然不會與，去磁、退磁有關， 但是詞典里沒有別的解釋。碰到這種情況可以查 “magnetize”的解釋，其中有“吸引”之意，據(jù)此可以推測出應該做 “使失去吸引力”解。

又如1994年8月間在報導美國的棒球隊員罷工時突然出現(xiàn) salary cap的說法，詞典里查不到。但是根據(jù)上下文可以推測出來是限制隊員工資的意思。后來的消息中又用了The players feared the owners would finally impose a salarv limitation next season 的說法，證明推測是正確的。

美國郵局的勞動強度大，條件差。1991年發(fā)生一郵局工人因勞動待遇差又被解雇而槍殺他人的事件。此后就有going postal 的說法，表示對于工作條件和待遇極度不滿。

所以在聽懂上下文意思的情況下要敢于發(fā)揮，而不拘泥于詞典里是不是有此解釋。退一步說，即使自己的推測與分析木合適，也沒有太大關系，因為反正你從其他詞典里找不到合適的解釋。何況隨著水平的提高，認識也會不斷提高，可以找到更貼切的解釋。

托福聽力練習對照文本

Before we adjourn, I'd like to remind everybody about the upcoming fundraising event—the ten kilometer run.

在我們休會之前，我想提醒大家關于即將到來的籌款活動——十公里跑。

The run is being organized to help raise money for the renovation of the old gym.

組織這次跑步是為了幫助舊的體育館翻修籌款。

Our gym is in desperate need of repair, and the university must rely entirely on private donations to pay for its renovation.

我們的體育館迫切需要維修，而大學必須完全地依靠私人捐款來支付它的翻修。

This event will be the students' contribution to the effort. The procedure for participating is quite simple.

本次活動將會是學生對慈善運動的貢獻，參與的程序非常簡單。

No entrance fees, no advance registration, and you don't have to be the best athlete on campus.

沒有入場費，沒有預約登記，而且你不必是校園里最好的運動員。

You only need to find sponsors willing to contribute one or more dollars for every kilometer of the race that you complete.

你只需要去尋找愿意為你完成的賽跑的每一公里貢獻一美金或者更多錢的贊助者。

So, for example, if you run all ten kilometers, you'll collect ten dollars from someone who has pledged to give you one dollar per kilometer.

所以，舉例來說，如果你跑了全部的十公里，你將從承諾每公里給你一美金的人那里募集十美金。

After the run, a race official will record the number of kilometers you've completed.

跑完步，比賽工作人員將記錄你已經(jīng)完成的公里數(shù)。

You can then show the record to your sponsors when you collect the money.

那時你就能在募集錢的時候給你的贊助者出示該記錄。

You might encourage your friends to run in the race by telling them that there will be awards for everyone who gets five sponsors or more.

你可以鼓勵你的朋友們參加跑步比賽，通過告訴他們所有得到五個或者更多的贊助者的人將會得到獎勵。

But above all, it'll just be a lot of fun.

但首先，這將會很好玩。

So, please spread the word and get everyone involved either as runners or sponsors.

所以，請散播一下消息，并且每個人都參與進來，不論是作為跑步者或者是贊助者。

托福聽力練習對照文本

And as we enter this next gallery, please turn your attention to the statue on your right.

當我們進入下一個陳列室時，請把你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向你右側(cè)的雕像。

It's a bust of the seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson.

它是第七任美國總統(tǒng)的半身像。Andrew Jackson，

It was done by American sculptor Hiram Powers.

它是由美國雕刻家Hiram Powers完成的。

Mr. Powers is particularly significant to our sculpture collection here at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Powers先生對我們大都會藝術博物館這里的雕刻收藏尤其重要。

His statue entitled California was the first work by an American artist to become part of the collection at the Met.

他的名為California的雕像是成為大都會收藏的美國藝術家的第一件作品。

But back to this piece. When Powers was modeling this bust, he asked the President, who was 68 years old at the time, if he wanted to be made to appear younger than that.

讓我們回到這件作品上來。當Powers為這個半身像制作模型時，他問當時68歲的總統(tǒng)，他是否想(讓他的雕像)被制作的顯得(比實際年齡)年輕一些。

President Jackson replied that he didn't; so as you can see, he's shown here with wrinkles and lines of aging etched on his face.

Jackson總統(tǒng)回答他不想;因此，如你所見，他被滿面滄桑的展現(xiàn)在這里。

Consequently, this bust is considered to be one of the most realistic portrayals of Andrew Jackson.

結(jié)果，這個半身雕像被認為是Andrew Jackson最現(xiàn)實的寫照之一。

Powers traveled from his studio in Italy to the White House to do the original study for the bust.

Powers從他在意大利的工作室啟程來到白宮，做這個半身雕像的原型習作。

He did the study in clay, but he sculpted the final statue from fine Italian marble, as you can see.

他用粘土做的習作，但他從上好的意大利大理石上雕刻最終的雕像。

I should add that the usual practice at the time was to get local artisans to do the actual carving of the marble.

我應該補充，那時的慣例是讓當?shù)氐募脊ぷ稣嬲拇罄硎窨獭?/p>

Note that the President is draped in a Roman toga. This is because in the nineteenth century that was the customary attire for representations of heads of state and other important figures.

注意總統(tǒng)披著一件羅馬寬外袍。這是因為在十九世紀，那是慣例服裝，代表了國家元首和其他要人。

Powers kept the bust in his studio until after President Jackson's death, when it was sold to the Democratic Club in New York City.

Powers在他的工作室保留著這個半身像，直到Jackson總統(tǒng)去世時，那時它被賣給紐約市民主黨俱樂部。

It was lent to us here at the Met in 1874 and twenty years later became part of our permanent collection.

它于1874年借給我們大都會，并且在二十年之后成為我們永久的收藏。

Now, if you'll step this way, we'll move on to the next piece.

現(xiàn)在，如果你往這邊走，我們將轉(zhuǎn)向下一個作品。一

托福聽力練習對照文本

If you liked the colorful animals we just saw, you're going to love these next animals: frogs.

如果你喜歡我們剛剛見到的色彩斑斕的動物，你們將會喜歡這些接下來的動物：蛙類。

You might not normally think of frogs as being colorful, but these frogs definitely are.

你們可能通常不認為蛙類是色彩斑斕的，但是這些蛙類的確是的。

They are the dart-poison frogs of Central and South America.

它們是中部和南部美洲的箭毒蛙。

Look at their striking colors, often yellow with black stripes or deep blue with black spots.

看看它們醒目的顏色，通常是黃色帶著黑色條紋或者深藍色帶著黑點。

Beyond being nice to look at, these markings have a purpose.

除了好看之外，這些斑紋還有一個目的。

They warn predators that these frogs are poisonous.

它們警告捕食者這些蛙類是有毒的。

When threatened, these frogs secrete a substance through their skin that would easily kill whatever animal might try to eat them.

當受到威脅時，這些蛙類通過它們的皮膚分泌一種物質(zhì)，可以輕易的殺死可能試圖要吃掉它們的任何動物。

Their bright colors communicate this, and so most animals tend not to hunt them.

它們明亮的顏色傳遞了這個(信息)，所以大部分動物不會去捕獵它們。

Now, speaking of hunting, for centuries these frogs were sought after by hunters.

好，說道捕獵，幾個世紀以來，這些蛙類受到獵人們的需要。

As you might think, the hunters didn't want to eat the frogs, but rather, they captured them for their poison.

正如你所想的，獵人不是想吃這些蛙類，而是，他們捕獲它們是為了它們的毒素。

They would add the poison to the tips of their hunting arrows.

他們會把毒素添加到他們打獵(用的)箭尖上。

Of course, nowadays most hunters use guns.

當然，現(xiàn)在大部分獵人用槍。

These days, dart-poison frogs are of less interest to hunters than to medical researchers.

目前，獵人比研究者對箭毒蛙的興趣小。

Researchers believe that they can make new heart medicine from the poison, because it acts as a stimulant on the body's nervous system.

研究者相信他們能從毒素中制造新的心臟藥物。

Researchers think they could use it to stimulate a weak heart.

研究者認為他們能使用它來刺激心臟衰竭。

There is, however, a problem with doing research on these frogs.

然而，在這些蛙類上做研究有一個問題。

Those that are caught in the wild will produce their poison until they die.

從自然環(huán)境中捕捉的那些(蛙)將產(chǎn)生毒素直至他們死去。

However, those that are born in captivity, like the ones you see here, will not produce any poison at all.

然而，那些出生在圈養(yǎng)(環(huán)境中的)，像你們看到的這些，將根本不會產(chǎn)生任何毒素。