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新GRE邏輯閱讀練習(xí)題

Hydrogeology is a science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on the surface of the land, in the soil and underlying rocks, and Line in the atmosphere. The term "geohydrology" is 5 sometimes erroneously used as a synonym for "hydrogeology". Geohydrology is concerned with underground water. There are many formations that contain water but are not part of the hydrologic cycle because of geologic changes that have isolated them 10 underground. These systems are properly termed geohydrologic but not hydrogeologic. Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries that associate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle may the entire system properly be termed hydrogeologic. (107 words)

1. It can be inferred that which of the following is most likely to be the subject of study by a geohydrologist?

(A) Soft, porous rock being worn away by a waterfall

(B) Water depositing minerals on the banks of a gorge through which the water runs

(C) The trapping of water in a sealed underground rock cavern through the action

of an earthquake

(D) Water becoming unfit to drink through the release of pollutants into it from a manufacturing plant

(E) The changing course of a river channel as the action of the water wears away the rocks past which the river flows

2. The author refers to "many formations" primarily in order to

(A) clarify a distinction

(B) introduce a subject

(C) draw an analogy

(D) emphasize a similarity

(E) resolve a conflict

答案：C/A

新GRE邏輯閱讀練習(xí)題

Initially the Vinaver theory that Malory‘s eight romances, once thought to be fundamentally unified. were in fact eight independent works produced both a Line sense of relief and an unpleasant shock. Vinaver‘s 5 theory comfortably explained away the apparent contradictions of chronology and made each romance independently satisfying. It was, however, disagreeable to find that what had been thought of as one book was now eight books. Part of this response was the natural 10 reaction to the disturbance of set ideas. Nevertheless, even now, after lengthy consideration of the theory‘s refined but legitimate observations, one cannot avoid the conclusion that the eight romances are only one work. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the 15 theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist. (154 words)

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following about Malory‘s

works?

□A There are meaningful links between and among the romances.

□B The subtleties of the romances are obscured when they are taken as one work.

□C Any contradictions in chronology among the romances are less important than their over-

all unity.

6. The author of the passage concedes which of the following about the Vinaver theory?

(A) It gives a clearer understanding of the unity of Malory‘s romances.

(B) It demonstrates the irrationality of considering Malory‘s romances to be unified.

(C) It establishes acceptable links between Malory‘s romances and modern novels.

(D) It unifies earlier and later theories concerning the chronology of Malory‘s romances.

(E) It makes valid and subtle comments about Malory‘s romances.

7. Select the sentence in the passage that suggests that, in evaluating the Vinaver theory, some critics were initially biased by previous interpretations of Malory‘s work.

答案及解析：

第一題選AC

做這個(gè)題首先要對(duì)文章進(jìn)行剖析。

首先，有initially這個(gè)詞，就要想到文章中肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)前后情況的不同，或?qū)Ρ?，或延續(xù)。我們下面來(lái)分析文章。

1)首先，V認(rèn)為M的八浪漫其實(shí)就是八本書(shū)，而不是一本書(shū)，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)帶來(lái)了慰藉和震撼。解釋慰藉，解釋震撼。

2)但是，即便是今天，我們也不能避免得出是一本書(shū)整體的結(jié)論。解釋

從這個(gè)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，作者的態(tài)度首先是ambivilence，因?yàn)槲拷搴驼鸷呈菍?duì)立面;再者的描述便傾向于否定V的觀點(diǎn)，還是認(rèn)為書(shū)是一個(gè)整體的觀點(diǎn)比較合適，但又沒(méi)有完全否認(rèn)，總體上，對(duì)V的觀點(diǎn)是持質(zhì)疑態(tài)度的。

這個(gè)題選AC

A 質(zhì)疑了V，肯定了作品之間是有聯(lián)系的;

B 不對(duì)

C 作者肯定了整體性的視角，也認(rèn)為年代的不同不會(huì)影響整體性。正確

所以答案選擇AC

像這樣的題關(guān)鍵是要搞清楚作者所持的立場(chǎng)，所持立場(chǎng)可以從文章篇幅的描寫(xiě)來(lái)判斷，像這里的描述側(cè)重的是否定V的理論，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體性。

第二題選E

看原文，定位after lengthy consideration of the theory‘s refined but legitimate observations

排除ACE，B不對(duì)，作者沒(méi)有否認(rèn)整體性學(xué)說(shuō)的態(tài)度，只是說(shuō)V的理論解釋了年代矛盾而已，并沒(méi)有證明整體性學(xué)說(shuō)的不合理性。

E同義變換，valid and subtle=refined but legitimate

第三題答案是Part of this response was the natural reaction to the disturbance of set ideas 。

其實(shí)這個(gè)題目中說(shuō)的biased by previous interpretation就是biased by set ideas的意思，又是同義變換的問(wèn)題。

set這里是約定俗成的，規(guī)定的，確立的的含義。

新GRE邏輯閱讀練習(xí)題

The historian Frederick J. Turner wrote in the 1890‘s that the agrarian discontent that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been Line precipitated by the closing of the internal frontier--that is, 5 the depletion of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system. Actually, however, new lands were taken up for farming in the United States throughout and beyond the nineteenth century. The emphasis of the presumed disappearance of 10 the American frontier obscured the great importance of changes in the conditions and consequences of international trade that occurred during the second half of the nineteenth century. Huge tracts of land were being settled and farmed in Argentina, Australia, Canada, and in 15 the American West, and these areas were joined with one another and with the countries of Europe into an interdependent market system. Consequently, agrarian depressions no longer were local or national in scope, and they struck several nations whose internal frontiers had 20 not vanished or were not about to vanish. Between the early 1870‘s and the 1890‘s, the mounting agrarian discontent in America paralleled the almost uninterrupted decline in the prices of American agricultural products on foreign markets. (198 words)

8. The author is primarily concerned with

(A) showing that a certain interpretation is better supported by the evidence than is an alternative explanation

(B) developing an alternative interpretation by using sources of evidence that formerly had been unavailable

(C) questioning the accuracy of the evidence that most scholars have used to counter the author‘s own interpretation

(D) reviewing the evidence that formerly had been thought to obscure a valid interpretation

(E) presenting evidence in support of a controversial version of an earlier interpretation.

9. According to the author, changes in the conditions of international trade resulted in an

(A) underestimation of the amount of new land that was being famed in the United States

(B) underutilization of relatively small but rich plots of land

(C) overexpansion of the world transportation network for shipping agricultural products

(D) extension of agrarian depressions beyond national boundaries

(E) emphasis on the importance of market forces in determining the prices of agricultural products

10. The author implies that, after certain territories and countries had been joined into an interdependent market system in the nineteenth century, agrarian depressions within that system

(A) spread to several nations, excluding those in which the internal frontier remained open

(B) manifested themselves in several nations,including those in which new land remained available for farming

(C) slowed down the pace of new technological developments in international communications and transportation

(D) affected the local and national prices of the nonagricultural products of several nations

(E) encouraged several nations to sell more of their agricultural products on foreign markets

11. The author‘s argument implies that, compared to the yearly price changes that actually occurred on foreign agricultural markets during the 1880‘s, American farmers would have most preferred yearly price changes that were

(A) much smaller and in the same direction

(B) much smaller but in the opposite direction

(C) slightly smaller and in the same direction

(D) similar in size but in the opposite direction

(E) slightly greater and in the same direction

答案：A/D/B/D

新GRE邏輯閱讀練習(xí)題

When the same parameters and quantitative theory are used to analyze both termite colonies and troops of rhesus macaques, we will have a unified science of sociobiology. I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf between them. Consider termites and macaques. Both form cooperative groups that occupy territories. In both kinds of society there is a well-marked division of labor. Members of both groups communicate to each other hunger, alarm, hostility, caste status or rank, and reproductive status. From the specialist‘s point of view, this comparison may at first seem facile—or worse. But it is out of such deliberate oversimplification that the beginnings of a general theory are made.

(134 words)

12. Which of the following best summarizes the author‘s main point?

(A) Oversimplified comparisons of animal societies could diminish the likelihood of developing a unified science of sociobiology.

(B) Understanding the ways in which animals as different as termites and rhesus macaques resemble each other requires train in both biology and sociology.

(C) Most animals organize themselves into societies that exhibit patterns of group behavior similar to those of human societies.

(D) Animals as different as termites and rhesus macaques follow certain similar and predictable patterns of behavior.

(E) A study of the similarities between insect and vertebrate societies could provide the basis for a unified science of sociobiology.

13. Select the sentence in the passage in which the author suggests that There are significant structural differences between insect and vertebrate societies.

答案：E/I have been increasingly 。。。。