anumberof并無“許多”之意
a number of的用法你們知道嗎?今天小編給大家?guī)砹薬 number of的用法,希望能夠幫助到大家,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。
錯(cuò)很久啦!a number of并無“許多”之意!
A number of有“許多”(many)的意思嗎?估計(jì)凡是中國(guó)學(xué)生都會(huì)這樣認(rèn)為,不信你去查一下百度翻譯,其結(jié)果就是“一些;許多的”。但是如果你在www.thefreedictionary.com中搜“a number of”,它的解釋是這樣"a collection of persons or things; several",并無"many"之意。
Several是“若干”的意思,并非“許多”。www.thefreedictionary.com 給出"several"的形容詞釋義之一"being of a number more than two or three but not many”,即多于兩三個(gè),但不是"many"(其它釋義與數(shù)數(shù)無關(guān))。它給出的代詞釋義為“An indefinite but small number; some or a few”也沒有many之意。
因?yàn)闈h語沒有冠詞,所以中國(guó)師生對(duì)英語中冠詞特別糾結(jié)。正因如此,a number of 往往被老師與"the number of"拉郎配在一起學(xué)習(xí)。the number of students 表示“學(xué)生人數(shù)”,但是順著這個(gè)定勢(shì)來理解"a number of students"就很難接受它的意思為“若干學(xué)生”(在中國(guó)英語教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,它更被長(zhǎng)期錯(cuò)誤地翻譯為“許多學(xué)生”),于是就認(rèn)為這是習(xí)慣用法而對(duì)其死記硬背。其實(shí)a number of與the number of的組成結(jié)構(gòu)根本就不應(yīng)放在一起。
大家感覺一下 a glass of water, a box of books,…有沒有別扭呢?沒有!a number of students 和a box of books的組成結(jié)構(gòu)完全相同。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,of前面的那個(gè)詞相當(dāng)于漢語的量詞。這里的number 的意思是an indefinite quantity of units or individuals(數(shù)量不確定的單位或個(gè)體)。
因?yàn)閍 number of students的主詞是students, 所以后面的謂語動(dòng)詞自然是復(fù)數(shù),而the number of students的主詞是number,自然謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。
與a number of 結(jié)構(gòu)類似的還有 a lot of, a great deal of等詞。
辨析 a lot, a lotof, lots of, a number of/large numbers of
辨析 a lot, a lotof, lots of, a number of/large numbers of, a large amount of, a great deal of 與 plenty of
都是表示“大量, 許多"的意思,
? a lot
(1) 用作主語。
例:A lot will depend on how she responds to lhechallenge.
在很大程度上將取決于她對(duì)這一難題的反應(yīng)
(2) 用作賓語??勺鲃?dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語,
例:I have learned a lot from him since I knew him.自從我認(rèn)識(shí)了他,我向他學(xué)到許多東西。
(3) 用作表語,
例:Two hundred pounds is a lot to spend on a dress.買一件衣服要花200英鎊是夠多的
(4) 用作狀語?!怯糜谛揎棻容^級(jí),二是用飾動(dòng)詞:
①修飾比較級(jí),相當(dāng)于much,意為“……得多”,
例:Houses are a lot more expensive these days.
如今的房?jī)r(jià)貴多了。
②修飾動(dòng)詞,一是表示程度.意為“很,很多.非常等;二是表示頻率,意為“經(jīng)常”。
例:He has helped me a lot.
他給予了我很大的幫助。
I play tennis quite a lot in the summer.
夏天我經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球。
? a lot of 與 lots of
(1) alot of與lots of的意思和用法完全相同,都是起形容詞作用的詞組,可用于修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。相當(dāng)于many或much。
例:There are a lot of/lots of famous movie stars in theUSA.
美國(guó)有許多著名的電影明星。
We need a lot of/lots of money.
我們需要很多錢。
(2) 修飾主語時(shí),謂語的數(shù)取決于它所修飾名詞的數(shù)。
例:A lot of money was spent on it.
在它上面花了很多錢。
A lot of people were interested in it.
對(duì)此感興趣的人很多。
? a number of/large numbers of 只可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式(它修飾的詞作主語時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式),可以換為some, many,alot of,plentyof。例:Ihave a number of letters to write today.
今天我也好多信要寫。
?a large amount of修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
例:I spend a large amout of my time on this work.
我在這項(xiàng)工作上花費(fèi)了不少時(shí)間。
?a great deaI of 只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞(它修飾詞作主語時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)形式),可以換為much.
例:I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.
在購物方面我花費(fèi)了大量時(shí)間/ 金錢。
?plenty of表爾“足夠,大量”既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,用法同 alot of/lots of。
例:There are plenty of eggs in the market. 市場(chǎng)上有很多雞蛋。
I need plenty of time to finish the work. 我需要很多時(shí)間來完成這項(xiàng)工作。
【考點(diǎn)即練】
從括號(hào)中選擇合適的短語完成句子。
1. [2018 ?臺(tái)州]He seems to have predicted ___________(a number of/alarge amount of) inventions that onlycame about hundreds of years later.
2. [2018 ?湖州]I believe there are many things that we can do tomake life in our town _________ (a lot of/a lot) better for teenagers.
3. [2018 ?嘉興]When a language dies, ________(lot of/a lot) knowledge dies with it.
4. [2018 ?金華]Graphics (圖表)arejust the right things that give ________ (large numbers of / a great deal of) information but it doesn’t take much time to read and understand.
5. [2018 .衡州]I have read _________(plenty of/a large amount of)articles about self-improvement these past few months.
答案:復(fù)制下面空白顯示
1, a number of;
2, a lot;
3, a lot of;
4, a great deal of;
5, plenty of.
a number of 和the number of 用法與區(qū)別
英語中有兩個(gè)相似的短語:a number of與the number of,二者的區(qū)別涉及到主謂一致的問題,它們修飾名詞作主語時(shí),謂語的數(shù)是不一樣的。
①number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)
=a lot of =los of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)
②a number of…表示“一些,若干”(= some),后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 還可以加入形容詞表示數(shù)量大或小等(例如:a large/small number of…許多/少數(shù)……)。
A number of students of our school have go to school by bike.
我們學(xué)校有很多學(xué)生上學(xué)騎自行車。
③the number of…意思是“……的數(shù)字/數(shù)目”,介詞of同其后名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語,修飾the number.當(dāng)它作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
例如:
A number of my friends think I should take a holiday. 我的一些朋友認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該休假。
The number of students in our school has grown from 1,000 to more than 1,500.
我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的數(shù)量從1000名增加到1500多名。
The number of wild animals has become less and less in recent years.
最近幾年里,野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量逐漸減少。
那么再細(xì)化一下:
1.the number of 表示“……的數(shù)量”, 跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用作主語時(shí),中心詞是number, 謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).例如:
The number of students in our class is 50.我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是50人.
The number of pages in this book is 60.這本書有60頁.
2. a number of 表示“許多”,相當(dāng)于 many, 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù).作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).number 前可用large,small等修飾,以表示程度.例如:
A number of students are planting trees on the hill.許多學(xué)生在小山上植樹.
a lot of、lots of、a number of、a great deal of、plenty of
五個(gè)短語都表示“大量,許多”。
a lot of(或lots of)既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;
plenty of “足夠、大量”,既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
a number of 只可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。
a great deal of只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
There are a lot of/lots of people in the street on Sunday.
(星期天街上人很多。)
I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不著趕忙,因?yàn)槲矣谐渥愕臅r(shí)間。)
I have a number of letters to write today.
(今天我有好多信要寫)
I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.
(在購物方面我花費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間/金錢。)
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