如何正確運(yùn)用GRE詞匯

陳鈴1147 分享 時(shí)間:

GRE詞匯僅記憶遠(yuǎn)不夠, 還要學(xué)會(huì)如何正確運(yùn)用,快來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)吧,下面小編就和大家分享,來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

GRE詞匯僅記憶遠(yuǎn)不夠 還要學(xué)會(huì)如何正確運(yùn)用

現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)用是關(guān)鍵

首先小編需要明確的一點(diǎn)是:背單詞的目的不是為了簡(jiǎn)單的記住,而是為了使用,因此現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)用是最有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。剛背出來(lái)的詞匯,記憶是最鮮活的,背出來(lái)以后立即找一些例句學(xué)習(xí)一下用法,然后自己嘗試性地造幾個(gè)句子,把單純的字面印象轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭褂糜洃?,如此就能學(xué)會(huì)詞匯的使用方法。

使用是多方面多角度的

使用的過(guò)程,能真正發(fā)現(xiàn)單詞和短語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)和使用環(huán)境的需要,因此是樹狀結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)化的過(guò)程。也只有通過(guò)實(shí)際應(yīng)用,網(wǎng)狀聯(lián)系才可能較準(zhǔn)確較細(xì)致地鋪開。實(shí)踐是廣泛聯(lián)系的基礎(chǔ)。

從快速閱讀開始

在剛開始的時(shí)候,由于條件不具備,建議大家從大量的快速閱讀開始。閱讀材料不需要很難。為培養(yǎng)速度和感覺(jué)的時(shí)候,往往是越簡(jiǎn)單越好。大量閱讀可以迅速形成整體意念,并在單詞的使用環(huán)境做出定格和校正。有前面的鋪墊,閱讀不存在單詞的障礙,這時(shí)的注意力就應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)移到單詞在文章中的映射上。

以上就是小編為大家介紹的GRE詞匯運(yùn)用的學(xué)習(xí)方法,希望大家能夠在背單詞的過(guò)程中注重對(duì)詞匯用法的學(xué)習(xí)和積累,真正踏實(shí)地掌握好GRE詞匯。

TIPS:通過(guò)聯(lián)想記憶記準(zhǔn)單詞

聯(lián)想記憶法也許考生都聽說(shuō)過(guò)。背單詞并非死背的過(guò)程,這樣只會(huì)事倍功半,最后還是背不下來(lái)。要有思考,要有聯(lián)想。前面提到,GRE單詞有一部分重在深度,一個(gè)單詞往往有好幾個(gè)意思。比如game不止是“游戲”,還有“獵物”的意思;school都知道是“學(xué)?!?,卻不一定認(rèn)識(shí)“學(xué)派”或“一群”。因此,背GRE單詞需要大家的聯(lián)想能力。通過(guò)結(jié)合實(shí)例來(lái)記憶單詞,把單個(gè)的詞匯搭配不同的場(chǎng)景來(lái)進(jìn)行記憶,才能真正吃透一個(gè)單詞。不知道哪個(gè)場(chǎng)景對(duì)應(yīng)那個(gè)單詞,對(duì)場(chǎng)景陌生,是單詞難的重要原因。所以,建議大家在背單詞時(shí)調(diào)動(dòng)一切情緒、書籍等等,來(lái)制造場(chǎng)景,這樣做有助于背單詞的突破。

GRE反義詞詞匯題型講解

(1)ORIENT A) hasten B) defile C) menace D) confuse E) decline 像這樣的題ETS就玩了一個(gè)小花樣。因?yàn)轭}干ORIENT有“熟悉、上升的”意思。有的同學(xué)選了D confuse 熟悉對(duì)混淆,很工整;也有的同學(xué)選擇了E decline 上升對(duì)下降。正確答案選擇D。因?yàn)檫@5個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是動(dòng)詞。所以應(yīng)當(dāng)取題干ORIENT的動(dòng)詞含義“熟悉”。ORIENT做動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有“上升的”的含義,所以E不能選。所以做反義詞注意掌握詞性一致原則。這一點(diǎn)不難,多一個(gè)心眼就行了。

(2)CONSTRAIN A) release B) sever C) abandon D) unload E) agree 這道題題干CONSTRAIN是“束縛、約束”的意思,對(duì)應(yīng)答案是A) release解開、松開。部分同學(xué)誤選了C) abandon放棄、放縱。注意:CONSTRAIN是束縛、約束他人(物),而abandon指自我的放縱,應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)應(yīng)自我約束如restrain。所以做反義詞還需要注意動(dòng)作的主客體。

(3)RAZE A) build B) strengthen C) impede D) refurbish E) stabilize 這道題乍一看好象每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能和題干構(gòu)成反義詞。但這里最好選A。GRE詞匯量因?yàn)轭}干RAZE側(cè)重于將建筑物夷為平地,是一個(gè)從有到無(wú)的過(guò)程;A) build建筑是從無(wú)到有的過(guò)程,對(duì)應(yīng)得最直接。所以做反義詞時(shí),如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都具有反義的色彩時(shí),優(yōu)先選擇最直接的反義詞。另外,美國(guó)人是一種發(fā)散性思維, GRE的反義詞是廣義上的反義詞,不要求象中文對(duì)應(yīng)得那樣工整和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。只要2 個(gè)詞之間有些許相對(duì)或相反那就是反義詞。所以,如果做題時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)突然一時(shí)間找不到答案了,可能是思路過(guò)于狹隘,過(guò)于講究工整所致,應(yīng)及時(shí)放開思路,多從語(yǔ)境上想,多從褒貶上考慮,廣義的反義詞只要沾上邊就行。由于有文化背景的差異,通過(guò)做大量題掌握固定的搭配關(guān)系有助于在考場(chǎng)上提高做題速度。比如:“嘲諷”對(duì)“尊敬”;“證實(shí)”對(duì)“反駁”;“天賦”對(duì)“笨拙”等等。

GRE詞匯訓(xùn)練提高方法講解

GRE詞匯3階段背誦計(jì)劃指點(diǎn)

先盡快地把重要詞匯書至少背上1-2遍,一定要結(jié)合韋氏詞典或韋氏大學(xué)詞典,有問(wèn)題就查。

(1)第一階段背核心詞匯比如17天或者要你命3000

可以按楊老師的17天全面背誦或按自己的情況量體裁衣,最好利用集中時(shí)間比如寒暑假,早中晚輪番轟炸,時(shí)間最好不超過(guò)1個(gè)月,有空多聽詞匯精選的錄音;

(2)第二階段背GRE詞匯精選

時(shí)間要快,強(qiáng)化記憶,以提高效率;

(3)第三階段背高頻詞即??嫉脑~

可以利用詞匯串講來(lái)背詞頻。之后可以在熟悉GRE詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上多做一些真題了,在實(shí)踐中記憶詞匯,并在大量閱讀文章中總結(jié)詞匯,比單純的記憶詞匯更有成效,而且比較有針對(duì)性。

要大量掌握新GRE詞匯,除了背誦之外,還必須在實(shí)戰(zhàn)中得到不斷的訓(xùn)練

不同場(chǎng)合、不同模式的強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練,可以讓你記憶詞匯更加徹底,對(duì)詞匯的反應(yīng)更加迅捷。新入門的考生想要背誦新GRE詞匯,就可以從核心詞匯入手,再熟悉詞匯之后,利用其它的GRE詞匯書擴(kuò)大詞匯量。有了一定的詞匯量,無(wú)論在做閱讀、還是填空的時(shí)候都會(huì)游刃有余,相信一定能取得GRE的好成績(jī)。

掌握GRE詞匯訓(xùn)練提高方法之后可以在熟悉GRE詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上多做一些真題了,在實(shí)踐中記憶詞匯,并在大量閱讀文章中總結(jié)詞匯,比單純的記憶詞匯更有成效,而且比較有針對(duì)性。希望考生都能掌握以上方法,多加練習(xí),在考試中獲取GRE高分。

實(shí)例講解GRE填空解題技巧

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞匯來(lái)判斷語(yǔ)言上的基本邏輯關(guān)系

因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)轉(zhuǎn)折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)遞進(jìn)、(even, indeed………)對(duì)比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。

尋找句子中的重復(fù)關(guān)系

作為研究生院入學(xué)的參考考試,也許是為了體現(xiàn)內(nèi)容有深度,很多句子涉及到了各個(gè)學(xué)科的背景知識(shí)。同時(shí)基于對(duì)所有學(xué)科學(xué)生都要公平的原則,所有的題目在解題點(diǎn)上都不涉及背景知識(shí)。為了做到這一點(diǎn),很多時(shí)候ETS都是把答案放到句子中,然后用語(yǔ)言上的線索提示你去把它找出來(lái)。以下是提供重復(fù)線索的幾種常見(jiàn)形式:

(1) 簡(jiǎn)單的直接重復(fù)

The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.

A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration

盡管大自然的美確實(shí)很重要,但污染的消除不僅是什么問(wèn)題,當(dāng)然不僅是美的問(wèn)題。

Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.

A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt

搖滾樂(lè)手很少自嘲,盡管什么東西能促進(jìn)錄像短片的銷售,當(dāng)然就填自嘲。

Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world ___of___.

A. bereft.. theatricality B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity

E. devoid.. neutrality

Melodramas這個(gè)詞不認(rèn)識(shí)也沒(méi)關(guān)系,既然它表現(xiàn)的是無(wú)辜與罪行、道德與墮落、善與惡之間的刻板對(duì)立,那么它提供給觀眾什么樣的世界呢?當(dāng)然是刻板對(duì)立的世界,只有E選項(xiàng)符合要求。

(2) 解釋型重復(fù)

The Muses are___deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.

A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate

冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容就是正確選項(xiàng)D這個(gè)詞的釋義,所以不知道繆斯是什么東西也能輕松選對(duì)。

Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents___.

A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness

冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容解釋了民主方式運(yùn)作的工作團(tuán)體中為何少有嚴(yán)重的沖突,所以即使看不懂a(chǎn) modicum of

tolerance for dissent是什么東西,也應(yīng)該知道這個(gè)東西避免了嚴(yán)重沖突,故選B。

(3) 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)推斷重復(fù)

The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.

A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre.. deviation

D. oration.. grandiloquence E. achievement.. rigidity

a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位語(yǔ),所以第一空格填form的同義或近義詞,that permits very little___. 這個(gè)從句完成后應(yīng)為strict的同義或近義詞。

Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very

recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.

A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable

這道題同樣,a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同義重復(fù),所以空格應(yīng)填入文獻(xiàn)學(xué)家關(guān)注的事實(shí),已知的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)里顯然只有B選項(xiàng)的statistical(統(tǒng)計(jì)的)是文獻(xiàn)學(xué)家的份內(nèi)工作。

(4) 憑借具有指示作用的形容詞或代詞來(lái)尋找重復(fù)

Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.

A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined

D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted

下半句的such a coincidence說(shuō)明第一空格的動(dòng)詞填入后應(yīng)體現(xiàn)為是一種巧合,兩個(gè)看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一樣的東西(非相關(guān)專業(yè)的絕大部分學(xué)生是不太可能認(rèn)識(shí)mitochondria和chloroplasts這兩個(gè)詞的)怎樣了一個(gè)長(zhǎng)的、可以認(rèn)為是一模一樣的DNA序列就是一個(gè)巧合呢?當(dāng)然只有D的 share表示了這個(gè)意思。

Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.

A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable

D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable

Which指代逗號(hào)前面的那句話,也就是“法律不保障社會(huì)秩序”,這就使得法律怎樣呢?當(dāng)然只有D選項(xiàng)的ineffective符合句意。

對(duì)于含義晦澀的句子,判斷語(yǔ)氣或感情色彩是有效地解決方法,有時(shí)候甚至是唯一的方法

Johnson never ___ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if ___ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.

A. deigned.. tacit B. attempted.. halfhearted C. intended.. direct

D. scrupled.. literal E. wished.. feigned

這句話對(duì)于英語(yǔ)閱讀能力較差的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),通過(guò)正常的閱讀理解來(lái)做還是有些難度的。但是如果注意到whatever the effects on his subordinates(無(wú)論對(duì)下級(jí)產(chǎn)生什么影響)的語(yǔ)氣,就可以判斷第一空格填入后應(yīng)表示johnson干的不是什么好事,唯一符合這一判斷的是D選項(xiàng)。

Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ___ their efforts to build a progressive party than the ___ of the progressives already elected to the legislature.

A. support for.. advocacy B. threat to.. promise C. benefit from.. success

D. obstacle to.. resistance E. praise for.. reputation

如果知道encounter的正確用法,就可以判斷第一空格應(yīng)填入一個(gè)負(fù)面色彩的詞,這樣就輕松排除了A、C、E三個(gè)選項(xiàng),結(jié)合后面的意思來(lái)看,只能選D。

Although ___ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin

is the realization that one's own nature is irremediably ___.

A. contrition.. resilient B. certitude.. confident C.skepticism.. innocent

D. remorse.. flawed E. resignation. frivolous

第二空格被副詞irremediably(不可救藥地)修飾,根據(jù)這個(gè)詞帶出的語(yǔ)氣可以判斷第二空格應(yīng)填入一個(gè)負(fù)面色彩的詞,符合這一判斷的只有D、 E兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。第一空格remorse的意思完全地對(duì)應(yīng)“regret for having done something wrong”,故選D。

Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collective attempt to ___ experience by reducing it into discrete parcels.

A. extrapolate B. transcribe C. complicate D. amplify E. manage

這句話如果沒(méi)有看過(guò)相關(guān)背景的書籍幾乎是不可理解的,但是我們可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)氣和感情色彩的判斷來(lái)排除錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng),最終剩下一個(gè)看不出錯(cuò)的選項(xiàng),也就是正確選項(xiàng)了。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言是對(duì)抗經(jīng)驗(yàn)的陰謀(conspiracy against),所以空格應(yīng)填入一個(gè)負(fù)面色彩的動(dòng)作,只有C選項(xiàng)(使復(fù)雜化、使變得麻煩)和E選項(xiàng)(manage除了中性的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理之外,還可以表示負(fù)面的操縱控制)符合這一判斷。結(jié)合方式狀語(yǔ)by reducing(減少、分解、簡(jiǎn)化)來(lái)看,C選項(xiàng)應(yīng)被排除,最后剩下仍然看不懂句意的E選項(xiàng)就對(duì)了。

推理判斷時(shí)注意避免發(fā)散思維

Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are ___ would be expected to be very ___, but, surprisingly, they are not.

A. lethal.. rare B. untreated.. dangerous C. unusual.. refractory

D. new.. perplexing E. widespread.. acute

根據(jù)consequently提示的上下因果關(guān)系我們可以判斷第一空格應(yīng)填入severe的同義或反義,表示嚴(yán)重或不嚴(yán)重的詞只有A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)表示未曾治療的,D不用說(shuō)了。C、E兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)其實(shí)和是否嚴(yán)重沒(méi)有關(guān)系,很多時(shí)候干擾選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置上利用了我們的習(xí)慣思維不縝密的、容易想當(dāng)然的弱點(diǎn)。很多人會(huì)認(rèn)為不尋常的、很少見(jiàn)的疾病就是嚴(yán)重的,尋常的、隨處可見(jiàn)的疾病就是不嚴(yán)重的。但是只要稍微想一下就知道這里面沒(méi)有任何必然的關(guān)系。

Although ___, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong ___ publicity and controversy.

A. conventional.. interest in B. monotonous.. reliance on C. shy.. aversion toward

D. retiring.. penchant for E. evasive.. impatience with

第二空格根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系顯然只能選A、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng),第一空格會(huì)有很多人覺(jué)得A選項(xiàng)可以選,因?yàn)橛X(jué)得傳統(tǒng)的人就是不喜歡拋頭露面的,不喜歡與人爭(zhēng)吵的。同樣只要想想就該知道這里面沒(méi)有任何必然的關(guān)系,并且即便我們中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的人真是這樣,這里也沒(méi)說(shuō)他是中國(guó)人。這種干擾選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置路數(shù)和上一道題的感覺(jué)是完全一樣的。

Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously ___.

A. meditative B. tepid C. categorical D. unoriginal E. insightful

干擾選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置和上兩道題完全一樣,A選項(xiàng)的沉思冥想并不表示她所應(yīng)具有的高興振奮的態(tài)度的相反,正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B選項(xiàng)(微溫的,缺乏熱情或激情的),直接表明了與興奮激動(dòng)的態(tài)度的相反特征。

ETS總是傾向于把詞義的對(duì)應(yīng)上最為直接的、形同廢話的選項(xiàng)設(shè)為正確選項(xiàng)

The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a ___ system; its strata remain ___ and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.

A. health.. skilled B. delivery.. basic C. regimental.. flexible

D. training.. inferior E. caste.. intact

醫(yī)療職業(yè)的等級(jí)(hierarchy)在許多方面是一個(gè)等級(jí)體系(caste system)

The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ___, most frequently by human intervention.

A. celebrated B. predicted C. observed D. disturbed E. questioned

被掠食者和掠食者之間的自然平衡被人類的干擾(intervention)干擾(disturbed)了

Poe's ___ reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise ___ literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.

A. thorough.. completed B. petulant.. unpopular C. insightful.. unappreciated

D. enthusiastic.. acclaimed E. harsh.. undeserving

愛(ài)倫坡有判斷力的(insightful)現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)評(píng)論使得我們佩服他的判斷力(critical judgment)

Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly ___ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.

A.appreciated B. emulated C. criticized D. revised E. reprinted

十分恰當(dāng)?shù)氖?,這部充滿了變遷(changing)的時(shí)代、變遷的風(fēng)格的作品多年以來(lái)一直被改變(revise),從而反映了它自身的可變性(mutability)

TIPS:GRE填空最易提分

在GRE verbal每個(gè)section的題目中,填空題和中國(guó)學(xué)生感覺(jué)頭疼的閱讀部分比起來(lái),是一個(gè)相對(duì)容易在短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高成績(jī)的部分。因此,對(duì)于想考個(gè)合格的分?jǐn)?shù)的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),填空題往往是抓分的關(guān)鍵所在,只要能把握好這部分題目,一般都可以得到不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)。

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如何正確運(yùn)用GRE詞匯

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