doubt的用法全解析
今天給大家?guī)?lái)了毫無(wú)疑問(wèn):doubt的用法全解析,我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧,下面小編就和大家分享,來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn):doubt的用法全解析
When in doubt, go to the library.
——J.K. Rowling《Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets》
有疑問(wèn)的時(shí)候,去圖書(shū)館。
——J·K·羅琳《哈利波特與密室》
一、下面我們來(lái)看看doubt有幾種含義
n.
疑惑,疑問(wèn),不確定,不相信 [U,C]
There is no doubt but that he will win the election.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),他將在競(jìng)選中獲勝。
v.
1.對(duì)…無(wú)把握,不能肯定,認(rèn)為…未必可能 [I]
They have never doubted of success.
他們對(duì)成功從未懷疑過(guò)。
2.懷疑,不相信,不信任 [T]
I doubt whether Tom has taken my watch.
我懷疑湯姆是否拿了我的手表。
3.【古】恐怕 [I,T]
二、詞義辨析:doubt(名詞詞義 “懷疑” )還有哪些近義詞呢?
doubt, supicion, distrust, uncertainty
這些名詞均有“懷疑”之意。
doubt指對(duì)事物的真、假有懷疑。
supicion語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),指對(duì)某人做某事的目的、意圖有懷疑,或認(rèn)為某人做錯(cuò)事,但無(wú)確鑿證據(jù)而產(chǎn)生懷疑。
distrust一般用詞,泛指對(duì)某人某事不信任而感到懷疑。
uncertainty側(cè)重指對(duì)某事或選擇等需作決定時(shí)的遲疑不決。
三、詞義辨析:doubt(動(dòng)詞詞義“懷疑”)還有哪些近義詞呢?
doubt, suspect, distrust
這些動(dòng)詞均含“懷疑”之意。
doubt普通用詞,多指因證據(jù)不足或僅憑證據(jù)還不能肯定而產(chǎn)生懷疑,多含否定意味。
suspect指猜疑、疑心,肯定意味較多。
distrust指疑惑、猜疑,不信任。
四、含有doubt的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)
beyond doubt
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),毋庸置疑
no doubt
無(wú)疑,毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),毋庸置疑
without doubt
adv.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地
五、學(xué)會(huì)doubt的用法了嗎?來(lái)做個(gè)小測(cè)試吧~
There can be little _____ that he will offend again.
毋庸置疑他還會(huì)再犯的。
「doubt」和「suspect」兩個(gè)「懷疑」意思可不一樣,用錯(cuò)了老外可能會(huì)蒙圈!
用doubt,通常是提出自己的懷疑,那么doubt you didn't work hard是在懷疑別人不認(rèn)真工作嗎?
主管Simon 最近動(dòng)不動(dòng)就愛(ài)吼下屬,有一天Simon 又因?yàn)闃I(yè)績(jī)很差在會(huì)議上發(fā)飆罵道:I doubt you didn't work hard。英文很好的下屬在臺(tái)下議論紛紛,覺(jué)得Simon應(yīng)該不知道自己在說(shuō)什么,因?yàn)檫@句英文的意思是「我懷疑你們是不是都太認(rèn)真工作了」
沒(méi)錯(cuò)!doubt和suspect在中文都是懷疑的意思,但用法可差得遠(yuǎn)了!
doubt 用在質(zhì)疑你不相信的事,而suspect用在猜測(cè)自己大概心知肚明的事
1.doubt:質(zhì)疑不相信的事情
I doubt if John will come back tonight.
(我猜約翰今晚不會(huì)回來(lái)了·)
解析:這句話看得出來(lái)·自己不相信「約翰今晩會(huì)回來(lái)」這件事,所以使用 doubt
The manager doubts if the special assistantis honest with him.
(經(jīng)理懷疑特助對(duì)他不誠(chéng)實(shí)·)
解析:「特助誠(chéng)實(shí)」這件事連經(jīng)理自己都不相信·所以用doubt才對(duì).
2 suspect:猜測(cè)自己可能已經(jīng)知道的事
My mom suspected that I lied to her.(我嫣媽?xiě)岩晌艺f(shuō)謊·)
解析:「我說(shuō)謊」是媽媽心知肚明的事,用 suspect 即可。
總之·主管難然想罵人·反而因?yàn)橛⑽牟粔蚝枚O笑大方·他真正想說(shuō)的應(yīng)該是「I doubt if you everworked hard!」(我真的很懷疑,你們有在認(rèn)真做事嗎!)
主謂一致:謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)的情況
謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù)的部分情況:
1) 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語(yǔ),或主語(yǔ)中含有each, every, 謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù).例如:
Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 當(dāng)主語(yǔ) 是一本書(shū)或一條格言時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用 單數(shù).例如:
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
< The Arabian Night >是英語(yǔ)愛(ài)好者熟悉的一本好書(shū).
3) 表示金錢,時(shí)間.距離.價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù).(用復(fù)數(shù)也可,意思不變.) 例如:
Three weeks was allowed for maki ng the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough.
主謂一致知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總
一、語(yǔ)法一致原則
使用情況
例句
“不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、單數(shù)代詞、不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))、從句”等用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
The girl is fond of singing.
To protect the environment is our duty.
Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.
表示復(fù)數(shù)的名詞、代詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
The students are having their math class.
They have been to Qingdao twice.
and連接主語(yǔ)時(shí),如果該并列主語(yǔ)指的是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果該并列主語(yǔ)指的是“同一個(gè)人或事物”(即and后面的名詞前面沒(méi)有冠詞),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式
Eating vegetables and doing exercise are good for our health.
The writer and teacher is coming.
The writer and the teacher are coming.
both…and…連接主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式
Both Peter and Mike come from England.
有些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞(如glasses,shorts,trousers,jeans,shoes,clothes,gloves等)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Jack’s glasses are broken.
Linda’s shoes are black and blue.
“a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;“the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
A number of trees have been planted.
The number of the men teachers in our school is more than 120.
不定代詞another,each one,either,neither,the other,somebody,someone,something,nobody,every-body,everyone,everyth-ing,nothing,anybody,any-thing,anyone,no one等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Is everyone here?
Something is wrong with my computer.
I called you last night,but nobody was in.
主語(yǔ)后面跟with,along with,like,except,besides,as well as,together with,including,no less than,rather than,as much as等詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)保持一致。
Mei Mei,with her parents,often goes to the park on Sunday.
A teacher,together with some students,is standing at the gate.
主語(yǔ)前面有表示“單位、度量”的短語(yǔ)如“a kind(sort/type/form/pair/cup/glass/piece/load/block/box/handful/quantity/ton/metre/…)of”等時(shí),表示“單位、度量”的這個(gè)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。
This kind of car is made in China.
Large quantities of water are needed.
“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”作主語(yǔ)或“a lot of/lots of,plenty of,most of+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞。若名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或者是不可數(shù)名詞,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;若名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
Most of the books are written in English.
注意:(1)what從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),如果表示的是單數(shù)意義,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;如果表示的是復(fù)數(shù)意義,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
What we need is time.我們需要的是時(shí)間。
What she needs are good books.她需要的是一些好書(shū)。
(2)and連接并列主語(yǔ),若前面有each,every,many a,no等詞修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。如:
Each boy and each girl has got a present.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都收到了一份禮物。
二、意義一致原則
使用情況
例句
有些集體名詞如crowd,family,team,group,govern-ment,class,staff,public等,它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境而定;若它們表示一個(gè)集體單位,則動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;若表示集體中的成員,則謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
His family isn’t large.
His family are fond of watching sports programs.
有些集合名詞如people,police,cattle,poultry(家禽)等,形式上是單數(shù),而意義上卻表示復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;有些名詞如news,means,works,physics,politics,maths等,形式上是復(fù)數(shù),而意義上卻表示單數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
The police are searching for the murder.
Physics is really difficult for me.
“the+某些形容詞”可以表示一類人,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
The young are energetic.
某些代詞或短語(yǔ)如half(of),plenty(of),the rest(of),(a) part(of)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)視其“具體所指”即所修飾的名詞來(lái)決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。
Half of the work has been finished.
Half of the workers have finished their work ahead of time.
注意:(1)某些以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱,如果是國(guó)名,如the United States,the Netherlands等,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;如果是群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等地理名稱作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
The United States is a developed country.美國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家。
(2)none如果指量,動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);若用來(lái)指數(shù)目,與可數(shù)名詞連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式皆可;none如果代指不可數(shù)名詞,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如:
None of the money belongs to me.沒(méi)有一分錢是屬于我的。
None of the students has/have been to Egypt in our class.我們班沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)生去過(guò)埃及。
(3)“all/most/half/the rest of+名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。如:
Most of her money is spent on clothes.她的大部分錢被花在衣服上了。
Half of the students watch TV twice a week.一半的學(xué)生一周看兩次電視。
三、就近一致原則
使用情況
例句
由or,either…or…,nor,neither … nor…,whether…or…,not…but…,not only…but also…等連詞連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須與它相鄰的主語(yǔ)保持一致。
Neither you nor he is wrong.
Not only Jim but also his friends are enjoying the film.
Here/there be句型中句子的主語(yǔ)在be之后,系動(dòng)詞必須與它相鄰的主語(yǔ)保持一致。www.yingyuyufa.com
Here are some books and paper for you.
There is an orange and two apples on the plate.
四、there be句型
1.“there+be+sb./sth.+地點(diǎn)”表示“某處有某人或某物”。be動(dòng)詞必須和主語(yǔ)保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。如果主語(yǔ)部分是兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)時(shí),be一般和鄰近主語(yǔ)的數(shù)和人稱保持一致。
2.“there+be+sb./sth.+地點(diǎn)”的否定形式是在be動(dòng)詞后面加not,not any,no。
3.若變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句則需要把be提前到句首。
注意:there be結(jié)構(gòu)有不同的時(shí)態(tài),而且可以和各種助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。如:
There used to be several houses behind the two buildings.過(guò)去這兩棟樓后面有幾所房子。
There was a sports meeting yesterday.昨天舉行了一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
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