托福閱讀哪種題型最難

陳鈴1147由分享時(shí)間：2020-09-11 11:21:56

如果說(shuō)其他題型是通過(guò)詞匯積累或者對(duì)于文章里的信息的透徹理解就可以掌握的話，那么更側(cè)重于考察出題人的邏輯思維模式的題型就是推理題了。下面小編就和大家分享托福閱讀哪種題型最難，希望能夠幫助到你們，快來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)吧。

托福閱讀哪種題型最難

對(duì)于托福閱讀來(lái)說(shuō)，詞匯是根本。在閱讀中詞匯題(vocabulary questions)的數(shù)量很多，每篇存在三至五題不等。

接下來(lái)就是閱讀中的句子。句子細(xì)節(jié)在托福中的考察形式和內(nèi)容相比詞匯更為深入。有對(duì)于單個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和主干意思理解做出的考察，即句子簡(jiǎn)化題(sentence simplification questions)。有對(duì)于文中明確表述的細(xì)節(jié)信息的考察和理解，即事實(shí)信息題(factual information questions)。還有對(duì)于文中明確表述信息真?zhèn)蔚淖R(shí)別和理解，也就是否定事實(shí)信息題(negative factual information questions)。除此之外，閱讀還會(huì)考察對(duì)于文中強(qiáng)烈暗示而未明確表述的信息的識(shí)別和理解能力，即推理題(inference questions)。

在閱讀中，對(duì)于段落的考察往往側(cè)重于句子之間的關(guān)系。句與句之間的連接往往會(huì)有名詞的重復(fù)以及代詞的指代，所以有了指代題(reference questions)。內(nèi)容的銜接除了代詞指代之外，還有邏輯關(guān)系的遞進(jìn)，所以又有了修辭目的題(rhetorical purpose questions)。如果說(shuō)指代題和修辭目的題是對(duì)于句間關(guān)系的識(shí)別的話，那么句子插入題(insert sentence questions)則是兩者的升級(jí)版，是對(duì)于句間關(guān)系的邏輯的應(yīng)用。

當(dāng)然，托福閱讀也涉及篇章中段落的主旨以及段間的關(guān)系的考查。若是順承的關(guān)系往往出的是總結(jié)題(prose summary questions)，若是對(duì)比分類的關(guān)系往往出的是表格題(fill in a table questions)。

通過(guò)以上分類相信大家對(duì)于托福閱讀十大題型考察的能力有了了解。那么十大題型里，哪種題型相對(duì)比較難呢?如果說(shuō)其他題型是通過(guò)詞匯積累或者對(duì)于文章里的信息的透徹理解就可以掌握的話，那么更側(cè)重于考察出題人的邏輯思維模式的題型就是推理題了。

托福官方指南里對(duì)于推理題的表述：對(duì)于文中強(qiáng)烈暗示而未明確表述信息的識(shí)別和理解。大家重點(diǎn)關(guān)注強(qiáng)烈暗示這幾個(gè)詞，言下之意就是通過(guò)一些相關(guān)信息的表述來(lái)傳遞內(nèi)在的意思，所以體會(huì)出題人傳達(dá)相關(guān)信息的模式就變成了解題的關(guān)鍵。

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句：植物抗旱適應(yīng)性

They possess drought-resisting adaptations: loss of water through the leaves is reduced by means of dense hairs covering waxy leaf surfaces, by the closure of pores during the hottest times to reduce water loss, and by the rolling up or shedding of leaves at the beginning of the dry season. (TPO26, 50)

waxy /'w?ks?/ adj. 蠟色的，蠟狀的

pore /p??/ n. 氣孔，毛孔

shed /?ed/ vt. 使(某物)脫落﹑ 剝落;使(某物)流出

They possess drought-resisting adaptations: loss of water (through the leaves) is reduced (by means of dense hairs)(covering waxy leaf surfaces), (by the closure of pores)(duringthe hottest times) (to reduce water loss), and (by the rolling up or shedding of leaves) (at the beginning of the dry season). (TPO26, 50)

分析：

這個(gè)句子的主干部分就是：

They possess drought-resisting adaptations: loss of wateris reduced

注意后面并列了3個(gè)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)：by means of…, by the closure of .., and bythe rolling up…

修飾一：(through the leaves)，介詞，修飾loss of water

中文：經(jīng)過(guò)葉子

修飾二：(by means of dense hairs)，介詞

中文：通過(guò)的濃密的絨毛

修飾三：(covering waxy leaf surfaces)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，修飾haris

中文：覆蓋在蠟質(zhì)葉子表面

修飾四：(by the closure of pores)，介詞短語(yǔ)

中文：關(guān)閉氣孔

修飾五：(during the hottest times)，介詞短語(yǔ)

中文：在最熱的時(shí)間

修飾六：(to reduce water loss)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

中文：減低水分散失

修飾七：(by the rolling up or shedding of leaves)，介詞短語(yǔ)

中文：通過(guò)卷起或脫落葉子

修飾八：(at the beginning of the dry season)，介詞短語(yǔ)

中文：在干旱季初期

參考翻譯：

他們擁有抵抗干旱的適應(yīng)性：覆蓋在蠟質(zhì)葉子表面的濃密的絨毛、在溫度最高時(shí)關(guān)閉氣孔以減少水分流失以及在干旱季初期通過(guò)卷起或脫落葉子，都可以減少經(jīng)過(guò)葉片的水分的流失。

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句：獸群馴化

Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been, it seems entirely likely that much the same process of juxtaposition (living side by side) and control occurred in both southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even inEurope, among peoples who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle. (TPO28, 53)

tame /te?m/ v. 使(某物)馴服或順從

intimate /'?nt?m?t/ adj. 親密的，親切的;私人的，個(gè)人的;精通的，詳盡的

(Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been), it seems entirely likely (that much the same process of juxtaposition(living side by side) and control occurred) (in both southwest Asia and northernAfrica, and even in Europe), (among peoples) (who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle).(TPO28, 53)

分析：

這個(gè)句子的主干就是：

it seems entirely likely，it指代后面的從句that

修飾一： (Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been) ，從句

中文：無(wú)論最初馴化的獸群起源于何處

修飾二：(that much the same process of juxtaposition (living side byside) and control occurred) ，從句

中文：和獸群毗鄰而居并且控制它們的過(guò)程發(fā)生了

修飾三： (in both southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even in Europe) ，介詞短語(yǔ)

中文：在南亞、北非甚至在歐洲

修飾四：(among peoples) ，介詞短語(yǔ)

中文：在人民中

修飾五：(who had an intimate knowledge ofthe behavior of wild cattle).，從句