托福獨立寫作題目三大陷阱點

對于托福獨立寫作的作文題目，很多學(xué)生的問題無非都圍繞著：我的作文語言和結(jié)構(gòu)都很不錯，為什么永遠(yuǎn)拿不到高分?下面小編就和大家分享托福獨立寫作題目三大陷阱點，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。

托福獨立寫作題目三大陷阱點

陷阱點1：主語

這里的主語我們可以理解成是題目中語法里的主語，即動作的發(fā)出者，句子所論述的主體。既然是主語，我們就只能從主語出發(fā)去思考和論述問題。

陷阱點2：限定人群或者范圍

指的是通過一道獨立寫作題目我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)題目有限定的人群或者范圍，如果脫離開題目限定的人群或者范圍，顯然屬于跑題。

陷阱3：歸題點

每一道獨立寫作題目論述都會有一個歸題點，就是表述的內(nèi)容是歸在什么地方，是為了突出重要性或者為了某個目的或者達(dá)到某個目標(biāo)，所以我們作文的點也要落在重要性，某個目的或者目標(biāo)上。

寫作陷阱實例分析

現(xiàn)在我以一道獨立寫作題目為例，做詳細(xì)的陷阱剖析，方便同學(xué)們的理解。

比如下面這道題目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The most important aspect of a job is the money a person earns.

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer

首先，主語顯然是The most important aspect of a job，即工作中最重要的一方面，所以我們不管同意還是不同意這個觀點，我們探討的主語也得是工作中的某個方面 ，或者承認(rèn)工作中的錢確實重要，或者論述工作中的其它方面，比如：培訓(xùn)機(jī)會，工作環(huán)境，地點，競爭空間等比錢重要。總之我們不能脫離開工作的某個方面去談，否則就是跳進(jìn)了陷阱，屬于跑題。

其次，考慮這道題目限定的人群或者范圍。這道題目沒有涉及人群，那就默認(rèn)是針對于所有people, 所以對我們破題沒有阻礙，但是因為人群很泛，所以可以考慮是否可以對people 進(jìn)行分類，我們可以思考一下：對于什么樣的人工作中的錢是最重要的，對于什么樣的人工作中的其它方面比錢重要，這是陷阱也是我們的破題點。

另外，除了限定的人群還應(yīng)該考慮限定的范圍即除人以外的限定。那就是money a person earns，這個地方是重點，因為不是只有money一個詞，而是有限定的a person earns所以這里的錢是指的工資，而非大范圍的金錢，money有很多種來源并不一定是工作所得，所以不要隨意去擴(kuò)展限定的范圍，很多學(xué)生在這個表述上失分。

最后，歸題點，這道題最后要歸在important重要性上。所以不管是承認(rèn)薪資的重要還是認(rèn)為工作中其它方面比錢重要，都要落腳在重要性上。

托福寫作：怎么做到善用例子

如動物→鳥類，現(xiàn)代交通方式→飛機(jī)，上面的舉例是簡單的形式，即對單個詞/短語，或說單個對象舉例。我們在獨立寫作中會遇到對單個對象的舉例，這也是大家都能做好的;但我們更常遇到的是需要對一個句子，或說多個對象互相聯(lián)系而串成的觀點舉例的情況，這時我們就需要留意我們所舉的例子的有效性了。

托福寫作舉例的基本原則：

a. 細(xì)節(jié)性原則----細(xì)于被舉例者。

b. 一致性原則----良好體現(xiàn)與要用舉例證明的觀點的一致對應(yīng)關(guān)系，觀點中的重點信息應(yīng)在例子中不多不少地體現(xiàn)。

新托福寫作真經(jīng)介紹的舉例的具體操作方法：

粗舉，細(xì)舉，引調(diào)查，列數(shù)字。

(1)粗例----粗獷的例子

“粗例”即一類人、物或事，或一個公認(rèn)事實的例子，說白了就是多數(shù)人都能認(rèn)可的信息。尋找這類例子的時候比較輕松，只要在觀點中找出可以繼續(xù)細(xì)化的重點信息然后"narrow down"就可以了。

觀點1： Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants.

粗例1： International companies desire bilingual employees and offer higher salaries to attract them.

“粗例”可以建立“面”對“線”的關(guān)系，但需要注意不能太空洞，同時也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析、比較論證來使用，才能使整個段落更有血肉。

托福寫作素材之天賦還是后天努力

Anonymous asks, "Which is more important to success, talent or hard work?"

When Talent Fails

Countless talented people fail. They are better equipped through some natural gift, some set of experiences, or through training. It is clear to everyone around them that they have greater competencies and greater abilities. Almost all of these talented people recognize that they are more talented than their peers.

The reason these talented people fail has nothing to do with their lack of talent and everything to do with their unwillingness to put that talent to work. Talented people sometimes believe that talent alone is enough to succeed. But being unwilling to do the work, they fail.

When Hard Work Fails

Some people who work very hard fail, but not nearly as often as the talented person who is unwilling. A hard worker tends to produce results through the sheer force of will. They're willing to just keep at something until they produce some result.

When hard workers fail it is because they believe that working hard alone is enough. Because they don't work at learning more and improving their effectiveness, they fail. I have seen many a hard-working salesperson fail because, despite their willingness to work, they wouldn't work on developing their chops.

Talent + Hard Work

The question anonymous asks supposes that talent and hard work are mutually exclusive, that you can be one or the other. But the most successful people are the talented people who work hard putting those talents to good use. They are matched only by the hard worker who is thoughtful enough to learn quickly, make distinctions that produce better results, and hustle to grow their overall competencies.

The only choice to made is whether you are going to work hard if you are gifted with some talent, or whether you are going to develop yourself and learn if you are a hard worker who lacks the natural talent.

注解：

固定搭配

are better equipped ： 裝備有

The reason X.X.X has nothing to do with X.X.X, everything to do with X.X.X: 某事的原因跟X.X沒關(guān)系而是跟X.X.X有關(guān)系

not nearly as often as ：沒有后者的頻率高(對比的時候常用)

are mutually exclusive：互相排斥

putting those talents to good use：使用好這些天分

are gifted with some talent：有天賦

并列結(jié)構(gòu)(細(xì)節(jié)的羅列)

natural gift, some set of experiences, or through training：

天賦、經(jīng)驗和訓(xùn)練

greater competencies and greater abilities：跟強(qiáng)的技能和更大的能力(一回事)

learning more and improving their effectiveness：

學(xué)習(xí)到更多、增加效率

developing their chops：增加效率

learn quickly, make distinctions that produce better results, and hustle to grow their overall competencies

：快速學(xué)習(xí)、在那些有更好產(chǎn)出的方面變得更、快速增加各方面的能力

Citation：

//thesalesblog.com/2014/12/05/talent-or-hard-work/

2012.2.11 ML

Talented people's leadership is born naturally and can't be learned by people. Do you agree or disagree.