一步一個腳印攻克托福寫作
很多剛?cè)腴T的同學(xué)都迷茫托福寫作應(yīng)該怎么開始練，下面小編就和大家分享一步一個腳印攻克托福寫作，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。
一步一個腳印攻克托福寫作
TOEFL寫作考試形式
托福寫作考試分為兩個部分：
1. 綜合寫作(Integrated Writing)：閱讀一段230-300 words的文段，要求3mins內(nèi)完成，然后聽一段230-300 words 的聽力。完成后，給20 mins寫一篇200-300 words的文章，要求闡述閱讀、聽力內(nèi)容以及兩者之間的關(guān)系。
2. 獨立寫作(Independent Writing)：給30 mins 要求完成一篇300 words以上的文章。題目為特定題庫。
TOEFL寫作考試要求
筆者結(jié)合多年教學(xué)經(jīng)驗、官方要求、以及數(shù)千篇文章批改經(jīng)驗，總結(jié)羅列出托福寫作考試的得分要點如下：
1. 有效地應(yīng)答任務(wù);
2. 語言使用熟練，無過多語法、拼寫和標(biāo)點使用錯誤;
3. 組織結(jié)構(gòu)好，展開話題完善;
4. 使用解釋，舉例等論證方法;
5. 有效地進行文字處理，整合與遞進;
6. 語法具有多樣性;
7. 用詞合理并且地道。
上述7點能做到1,2的同學(xué)，寫作基本達標(biāo)，可以拿到一個15-20分的成績;
上述7點能做到1,2,3,4,5的同學(xué)，寫作水平較好，可以獲得21-25分的成績;
上述7點全部做到的同學(xué)，可以或得26分以上直至滿分的分?jǐn)?shù)。
TOEFL作文修改實戰(zhàn)
下面一段文字是我的學(xué)生在TOEFL獨立寫作的一個自然段。在這里給大家逐句從基礎(chǔ)語法方面分析一下，主要解決寫作要求中的第1,2兩個點。這篇習(xí)作的題目是：
People are now easier to become educated than in the past.
①First, people in now would have a better education because there are more teachers than the past.②This can largely decide how students be educated.③For example, in the past, it is common that one teacher teach many subjects like math, Chinese, English and so on.④Now however, in one school there are many teachers who teach one subject.⑤In this way, it can develop the quality of the teaching section and the practice part.⑥Think about it, if a teacher teaches 8 classes, and he has to correct the homework every day, how well he can perform when he works on the last part of homework.⑦In contrast if the teacher only need to correct homework from 2 classes, how well can he do?⑧There are still many examples for this.⑨From the example, we can clearly see that how can the number of teachers decide the quality of education.
逐句修改：
①“now”前面是不用介詞進行修飾的，因此需要去掉“in”.
同時原因狀語從句中的“than”比較雙方也是不對稱的。這里有2種改動方法，其一將比較對稱，其二進行邏輯變換。所以，單純從語法角度講，筆者認(rèn)為改成下面的表述會更好一些。
First, people now would have a better education because there are fewer teachers in the past.
②第二句中的“be”不符合從句語法規(guī)則，應(yīng)改成are。
同時，這個決定作者更傾向于描述教育的優(yōu)劣，而非方式，所以仔細分析，其實原文并沒有表述清楚。因此，第二句表述為：This can largely decide how well students are educated.
③“in the past”與“is”矛盾，需要修改。另外，“in the past”的位置也是值得商榷的。同時“teach”的語法還有爭議，建議使用“would”，可避免麻煩。
另，筆者在美國的老師經(jīng)常告訴筆者，英美人士不經(jīng)常在essay中使用and so on等口語用詞。
綜上，第三句改為：For example, it was common that one teacher would teach many subjects like math, Chinese and English in the past.
④本句錯誤有兩個，其一是詞語在句子中的位置不符合英文造句法，這是最嚴(yán)重的，而且也是第③句中出現(xiàn)的問題。另外，用詞重復(fù)上句的用詞，應(yīng)予調(diào)換。
⑤第五句的銜接方式如①和②兩句，如能改變連接方式，句式則會體現(xiàn)變化性。
綜上，第四句和第五句改為：
However, there are many teachers focusing on one subject, which can develop the quality of the teaching section and the practice part.
⑥顯然，由于第六句內(nèi)容較多，學(xué)生沒有控制住句子，致使第六句出現(xiàn)致命的多謂語現(xiàn)象。
既然無法用復(fù)合句表達，就要果斷的將句子斷開。
另外，就筆者經(jīng)驗而言，賓語從句中特殊疑問詞的表述具有主觀情緒，建議變換成客觀描述性語句。綜上，第六句拆解為：
A case in point is a teacher teaching 8 classes. He has to correct the homework every day, and would not perform as good as the first assignment he corrected.
⑦仍然是句式變話的問題。
其二，介詞短語后面的標(biāo)點也要注意，盡管不是必須的。
筆者調(diào)整為:
In contrast, if the teacher only needs to work for 2 classes, he might possibly comment concretely and exactly the students’ homework.
⑧無誤。
⑨介詞短語可以添加“above”。
賓語從句后面應(yīng)為陳述句式。
筆者調(diào)整為: From the example above, we can clearly see that how the number of teachers could decide the quality of education.
修改后的文章呈現(xiàn)為：
First, people now would have a better education because there are fewer teachers in the past. This can largely decide how well students are educated. For example, it was common that one teacher would teach many subjects like math, Chinese and English in the past. However, there are many teachers focusing on one subject now, which can develop the quality of the teaching section and the practice part. A case in point is a teacher teaching 8 classes. He has to correct the homework every day, and would not perform as good as the first assignment he corrected. In contrast, if the teacher only needs to work for 2 classes, he might possibly comment concretely and exactly the students’ homework. There are still many examples for this. From the example above, we can clearly see that how the number of teachers could decide the quality of education.
盡管經(jīng)修改后這個段落尚有很多不足之處，例子的選取、詞語的選擇、連貫性等方面還有待改善，但我認(rèn)為這樣的文章拿到20分是沒有問題的。希望大家首先朝這個水平努力，按照7點要求，一個點一個點的訓(xùn)練，那么寫作30分就不是問題。
托福寫作高分之Vision
Human vision like that of other primates has evolved in an arboreal environment. In the dense complex world of a tropical forest, it is more important to see well that to develop an acute sense of smell. In the course of evolution members of the primate line have acquired large eyes while the snout has shrunk to give the eye an unimpeded view. Of mammals only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red flag is black to the bull. Horses live in a monochrome world .light visible to human eyes however occupies only a very narrow band in the whole electromagnetic spectrum. Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them. Humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them. Humans have no direct perception of infrared rays unlike the rattlesnake which has receptors tuned into wavelengths longer than 0.7 micron. The world would look eerily different if human eyes were sensitive to infrared radiation. Then instead of the darkness of night, we would be able to move easily in a strange shadowless world where objects glowed with varying degrees of intensity. But human eyes excel in other ways. They are in fact remarkably discerning in color gradation. The color sensitivity of normal human vision is rarely surpassed even by sophisticated technical devices.
托福寫作要避免的開頭方式
一：廢話連篇不知所云(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例： Topic 1-Should college students be allowed to get married?
This topic is very interesting. I’m very interested in talking about this topic. Because I’m also a college student and I’m not married……
修改方案：開門見山 直奔主題
In my opinion, it would not be a wise decision to allow college students to get married.
Topic 2-Will modern technology, such as the Internet, ever replace the book or the writing word as the sole source of information?
Ok, this topic is a very good topic. First, let me tell you a story: I have a friend, he likes go on the internet very much. Every day, he uses internet to read news or play internet games. So we can see the internet is more and more important in our daily life.
Topic 3-The importance of environmental protection
Oh, this topic is surely very important. Isn’t it? Of course! It’s really very very important!
二：中式英文 人見人暈(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic 1-The happiest moment in your life
In our life, there are always some moments which make your heart flower opened angrily……
Topic 2- The population problem
The population problem is a very big problem. For example, in the city centers of Shanghai, we can always see people mountain people sea there.
Topic3- Is there fairness in today’s business world?
I think in today’s society, there is no fairness in the business world. For example, I always chopped when I go out buy things……
Topic 4- The advantage of being a nice person
Being a nice person have many advantage. I believe if a people always do bad things, he will get “baoying”.
三：觀點模糊 態(tài)度曖昧(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例： Topic-Should college students be allowed to get married?
I think this topic is very hard to say. Because I am still very little, only 17, and not married, so this topic is very difficult for me……
四：偏離主題 無軌電車(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic-It is said that nowadays one can not acquire the qualifications and quality essential to success through university education. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?
I think to success, we must have a lot of important qualities. To have these important qualities, we must learn a lot of things, for example, English, music tools, and etc. We can learn these qualities from our teachers, our friends and from books. All in all, we can learn from many places.
五：語法錯誤 慘不忍睹(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic-If children behave badly, should their parents accept responsibility and also be punished?
About this problem, my think is if children behave badly, then parents are not right. Because teach child is parent’s responsibility. So we also punish parents too besides children is also should.
六：過分簡單 沒有重點(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic-The importance of environmental protection
This issue is surely very important, let’s talk about it!
七：用詞不當(dāng) 表達不準(zhǔn) (噴血指數(shù)：☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic-Should college students be allowed to get married?
I think college students should not be allowed to get married because they are very young and so we can’t take the responsibility to form a family.
八：意思重復(fù) 原地踏步(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic-Your opinion on DINK families
My opinion on DINK families is that DINK families is not a good thing. And it is a bad thing. It brings no benefits to our society and it is even sometimes harmful to our society.
九：中國俗語 胡亂翻譯(噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic 1-Is it good to have a large family?
I think it is good to have a large family. Because we Chinese believe a sentence: “Many sons, many lucks”……
正確說法：Happiness lies in having many children
Topic 2 -Should we pretend to know everything or admit our ignorance?
We all know, our Chinese old fathers and grandfathers said: “Know is know, don’t know is don’t know”……
Topic 3- Do you think one’s character is greatly influenced by his/her family?
Chinese old words says very good: Dragon born dragon, phoenix born phoenix, rat’s son can make hole……
Topic 4- The advantage of being a nice person
I believe one sentence:“A good person is all life safe”. We Chinese people always say: “Good has good pay, bad has bad pay”.
十： 觀點武斷 態(tài)度強硬 (噴血指數(shù)：☆☆☆)
典型失敗案例：Topic1-The importance of confidence
In my opinion, confidence is the most important thing for a person. All the successful people in the world are full of confidence. While those people who don’t have confidence, they all have failed.
Topic 2 - The solution to the traffic problem
I think to solve the traffic problem, very easy! For those who don’t obey the traffic rules, we should put all of them into prison. If we do that, I’m sure there will be no traffic problem any more.
一步一個腳印攻克托福寫作相關(guān)文章：
一步一個腳印攻克托福寫作
