托福寫作提升用詞變化改寫句子技巧分析講解
托福寫作評分標準中對考生作文的用詞和句式有所要求，如果大家寫出的文章中存在較多的用詞重復以及句式空洞等問題，那么得分不可避免地會受到一定影響。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈懽魈嵘迷~變化改寫句子技巧分析講解，希望可以幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
托福寫作提升用詞變化改寫句子技巧分析講解
托福寫作如何避免用詞空洞?
1. 一些空洞的單詞或詞組更本不能為句子帶來任何相關的或重要的信息，完全可以被刪掉。比如下面的句子：
When all things are considered， young adults of today live more satisfying lives than those of their parents，in my opinion.
這句話當中的“when all things are considered”和“in my opinion”都顯得多余。完全可以去掉。改為：Young adults of today live more satisfying lives than their parents.
2. 有些空洞和繁瑣的表達方式可以進行替換，例如：
Due to the fact that our grandparents were under an obligation to help their parents， they did not have the options that young people have at this point in time.
“due to the fact that”就是一個很典型的繁瑣的表達方式的例子，可以替換，簡化為下面的表達方式：
Because our grandparents were obligated to help their parents，they did not have the options that young people have now.
托福寫作如何減少內容重復?
1. 盡量避免重復使用同樣的詞匯?；蛘哂械臅r候雖然詞匯沒有重復，但意思卻有重復。這時候可以做一些簡化的工作。例如下面這個例子：:
The farm my grandfather grew up on was large in size.
Large 對一個farm來說就是size方面的large，所以in size可以去掉，改為：The farm my grandfather grew up on was large.
更簡潔的表達方式為：My grandfather grew up on a large farm.
2. 有時一個詞組可以用一個更簡單的單詞來替換，例如：
My grandfather has said over and over again that he had to work on his parents' farm.
這里的over and over again就可以改為repeatedly，顯得更為簡潔：
My grandfather has said repeatedly that he had to work on his parents' farm.
托?？荚噺土暪ヂ灾畬懽髡Z法常見錯誤
托福寫作常用語法有哪些?
一、名詞(N.)
名詞是一個詞，主要充當“主”和“賓”。其實，名詞還可以是一個句子(即：一個句子充當主句中的一個名詞)。由于名詞主要用作“主”和“賓”，故常見的名詞性句子有：“主語從句”和“賓語從句”。
二、動詞(V.)
動詞主要充當“謂”，在句法中，動詞的主要表現(xiàn)形式是——“非謂語”：ING(主動)、ED(被動)、To do(不定式)。
三、形容詞(Adj.)
形容詞常用來修飾名詞，形容詞也可以是一個句子(即：一個句子充當主句中的一個形容詞)。由于形容詞主要用作“定語”，故常見的形容詞性句子有：定語從句(限定性 & 非限定性)。
四、副詞(Adv.)
副詞的基本功能是修飾動詞(V.)和形容詞(Adj.)，同時也可以用來修飾整個句子，起強調、突出的作用。副詞最大的一個特點就是：被刪去后，不影響主句的完整。在英語世界里，也存在這樣一類副詞性的句子，叫做狀語從句。
托福寫作常見語法錯誤
1、不一致(Disagreements)所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致，它還包括了數(shù)的不一致時態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等。
2、修飾語錯位(Misplaced Modifiers)英語與漢語不同，同一個修飾語置于句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化。
3、句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)在口語中，交際雙方可借助手勢語氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解?？墒菚嬲Z就不同了，句子結構不完整會令意思表達不清，這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后。
4、懸垂修飾語(Dangling Modifiers)所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與后面句子的邏輯關系混亂不清。例如：At the age of ten， my grandfather died. 這句中“at the age of ten”只點出十歲時，但沒有說明“ 誰”十歲時。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather， 如果我們把這個懸垂修飾語改明確一點，全句就不那么費解了。
5.詞性誤用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)“詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為：介詞當動詞用;形容詞當副詞用;名詞當動詞用等。
6、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關系不清，或者先后所用的代詞不一致。
7、不間斷句子(Run-on Sentences)什么叫run-on sentence?請看下面的例句。
8、措詞毛病(Troubles in Diction)Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何適當?shù)剡x用詞語的問題，作文中用詞不當?shù)腻e誤比比皆是。
9、累贅(Redundancy)言以簡潔為貴。寫句子沒有一個多余的詞;寫段落沒有一個無必要的句子。能用單詞的不用詞組;能用詞組的不用從句或句子。
10、不連貫(Incoherence)不連貫是指一個句子前言不對后語，或是結構上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。
11、綜合性語言錯誤(Comprehensive Misusage)所謂“綜合性語言錯誤”，是指除了上述十種錯誤以外，還有諸如時態(tài)，語態(tài)，標點符號，大小寫等方面的錯誤。
托福寫作語法不會用怎么辦?
托福作文語法有問題，看語法書其實解決的問題有限。
方法一：語法問題可以通過做翻譯句子練習?？梢哉业叫赂拍?冊的課文，練習中文翻譯成英文，可以幫助你理解語法。
方法二：直接找好的托福寫作范文，先翻譯成中文，再翻譯回去，把每個句子弄明白
方法三：對于動詞的用法，通常我們的學習是要大量背誦的。而且注意背誦的時候不要只背單詞，要背詞組。所以大家可以多背誦一些動詞詞組。
方法四：你可以摘抄外國人寫的文章里的動詞詞組。這是可以短期突擊的。
托福寫作解析:祖父母與年輕人
托福寫作題目及話題：
祖父母
The advice from grandparents have no use for their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot during the past 50 years.
托福寫作思路解析：
題目大意：在過去的50年里，世界改變了太多，所以祖父母的建議對于年輕人來說已經(jīng)沒用了。此題目無論觀點如何，想理由都不容易，所以解題的關鍵在于抓住題目中的抽象詞“改變”或“建議”對其進行拆分舉例。波波建議選擇同意，然后爸改變拆分在工作和求學方面，主思路就是去說祖父母的建議在這兩個方面沒有價值了。
托福寫作參考范文
Throughout the gradual changes occurring to the whole human society, the value of advice from the older generation has become one of the most controversial issues among the general public. Many youngsters are the strong supporters of the claim that the huge changes in the past half century has made the suggestions from grandparents useless. As far as I am concerned, the advice from the senior is not worth following, which is particularly true of hunting for an ideal job and receiving education.
To begin with, consider the job-hunting. With the further specification of industries, an increasing amount of new careers and job position are created, some of which are out of the understanding of the old people. For example, because of the remarkable booming of internet companies, the professional video gamers, which are considered inferior by the senior, has become a job which enjoy great popularity among the young. As a result, the standard of judging whether a job is good or not has changed a lot so that the advice from grandparents about choosing a decent job is outdated. According to a survey conducted by a newspaper titiled China Daily among 1,000 people aged over 60 about the ideal job they consider, more than 95% of the surveyed vote for the so-called iron-bowl jobs such as teachers and civil servants, which has become obsolete to some extent. Therefore, the lack of knowledge about the modern job markets makes grandparents unable to provide feasible guidance for their grandchildren.
托?？荚噺土暪ヂ灾畬懽魍x詞替換
托福寫作同義詞替換：中性動詞
1.導致：v. cause, bring about, give rise to, lead to, generate, create,Be a contributing factor to
2.認為：v. point out, argue, claim, assert, think, consider
3.強調：v. emphasize, bring/call attention to, accentuate, heighten,strengthen
4.集中：v. focus on, concentrate on
5.解決：v. combat, address, tackle, resolve, solve
6.從事：v. carry out, conduct, perform
7.承認：v. concede, admit, acknowledge, accept, allow, grant
正向動詞
1.支持：v. support, advocate, agree with
2.增加：v. increase, grow, rise, enlarge
n. increase, growth, rise,enlargement
3.改善：v. improve, enhance, upgrade, boost
n. improvement, enhancement, boom
4.擴張：v. expand, enlarge, extend, widen, broaden
n. expansion, enlargement,extension
5.提高：v. augment, increase, develop, intensify
n. augment, increase, development
6.發(fā)展：v. develop, advance, grow, evolve, flourish
n. development, advancement,growth, flourishing
7.產生：v. develop, come into being/existence, come about
8.獲得：v. acquire, gain, get, obtain, attain
9.執(zhí)行：v. implement, execute, put into effect, perform
n. implementation, performance
10.實現(xiàn)：v. achieve, fulfill, gain, accomplish, attain
n. achievement, accomplishment,attainment
11.開始：v. commence, begin, start
n. commencement, beginning,start
12. 促進：v. promote, further, advance, encourage, stimulate, foster
n. promotion, advancement
13.鼓勵：v. stimulate, encourage, act as stimulus, motivate
n. encouragement, incentive,motivation
14.喚起：v. arouse, cause, induce, prompt, trigger, spark off
15.需要：v. call for, demand, require
16. 取代：v. replace, take the place of, substitute for
n. replacement, substitutionfor, in place of
17. 加快：v. accelerate, speed up, quicken
n. Acceleration, speeding up
18. 減輕：v. abate, lessen, reduce, alleviate, mitigate
n. abatement, lessening,alleviation, mitigation
19. 保護：v. protect, preserve, conserve
n. protection, preservation,conservation
20.保衛(wèi)：v. safeguard, defend, shield
n. safeguard, defence, shelter
21. 建立：v. establish, set up, found, construct
n. establishment, foundation,construction
22. 遵守(規(guī)則，法律)：abide by, comply with, follow, respect, act in accordance with
23. 允許：v. allow, permit, give the means to, facilitate
托福寫作必背同義詞_負向動詞
1.反對：v. object, raise objections, oppose
2.減少：v. decrease, lower, reduce, cut down
n. decrease, reduction, drop, decline
3. 耗盡：v. deplete, exhaust, use up
n. depletion, exhaustion, usingup,
4. 阻礙：v. hamper, hinder, obstruct, impede, inhibit
n. hindrance, obstruction,obstacle, impediment
5.限制：v. limit, curb, restrict, place a limit on
n. limit, restriction
6. 危及：v. endanger, imperil, jeopardize, put at risk
7. 衰敗：v. deteriorate, degrade, degenerate, rot
n. deterioration, degeneration
8. 惡化：v. exacerbate, aggravate, worsen, inflame
n. exacerbation, aggravation,worsening
9. 加?。簐. intensify, escalate, sharpen, aggravate
n. escalation, intensification,aggravation
10.破壞：v. damage, destroy, ruin, devastate
n. damage, destruction, ruin,devastation
adj. devastating, destructive
11. 污染：v. pollute, contaminate
n. pollution, contamination
12. 敗壞：v. pervert, corrupt, deprave, lead astray, debase
13.扭曲：v. distort, pervert, misrepresent, falsify, misstate, misreport
14.削弱：v. weaken, undermine, impair, invalidate
15. 干涉：v. interfere in/with, intervene in, impinge on/upon(侵犯)
n.interference/intervention/involvement in/with
16. 侵犯：v. encroach on/upon (time/rights/personal life)
n. encroachment on/upon =impinging on/upon
17. 與···相違背/相矛盾：run counter to = run contrary to
Contradict (each other)= conflict with =be at odds with sth
18.誤解：v. misunderstand, misapprehend, misinterpret
n. misunderstanding,misapprehension, misinterpretation
19. 逃避：v. escape, break out, evade, elude
20.遭受：v. suffer from, be stricken with, be afflicted with
21.違反：v. violate, disobey, transgress, infringe
n. violation, infringement,contravention, breach
22. 忽視：v. lose sight of, ignore, neglect
23.疏遠：v. alienate, isolate, become/get estranged from
n. alienation, isolation,estrangement
托福寫作必背同義詞_其他重要的同義詞代換
1.大量的：enormous, massive, tremendous, considerable
2.重要的：significant, substantial, crucial, important
3.嚴重的：adj. severe, serious, acute, drastic
adv. severely, seriously,acutely, drastically
4. 有害的：adj. hazardous, dangerous, harmful
5. 貧窮的：adj. poor, poverty-stricken, destitute, impoverished
6. 富有的：adj. rich, wealthy, affluent
7. 差距：n. gap, disparity, divergence
8. 積極的：beneficial, advantageous
9.消極的：baneful, detrimental
10. 明顯的：manifest, obvious, evident, apparent
11. 影響：impact, repercussion, effect, ramification
12. 人類：the human race, human being, humankind, humanity
13. 當代：in current society, in this day and age, in present-day society,in contemporary society
14. 傳統(tǒng)的：traditional, conventional, old-fashioned
15. 健康的：healthy, vigorous, robust
16. 有營養(yǎng)的：nutritious, nourishing, wholesome, healthy