gre考試寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)提升技巧分享
gre考試寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)提升技巧分享
gre考試分?jǐn)?shù)提升非常重要，很多學(xué)子希望可以提升gre寫(xiě)作考試分?jǐn)?shù)，今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了gre考試寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)如何提升呢，希望能夠幫助到到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。gre考試寫(xiě)作提速法則介紹
gre考試寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)如何提升呢
1. GRE寫(xiě)作考試有練習(xí)題：
為了達(dá)到公平，公布了它考試的所有寫(xiě)作練習(xí)題，那么為了達(dá)到能和native speaker一起競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，考生應(yīng)該在考前對(duì)所有題目都進(jìn)行預(yù)習(xí)(節(jié)約考試時(shí)的審題時(shí)間)，并通過(guò)100-150個(gè)提綱的寫(xiě)作了解GRE寫(xiě)作的一般結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)30-50篇寫(xiě)作來(lái)練習(xí)自己的寫(xiě)作思路和表達(dá)。對(duì)練習(xí)題中的題目越熟練，對(duì)考試越有利。
2. GRE寫(xiě)作考試的評(píng)閱是計(jì)件工作制的：
每個(gè)評(píng)卷人對(duì)你文章的評(píng)閱非?？?，不可能對(duì)每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都很仔細(xì)地去看?？忌鷳?yīng)該迎合評(píng)卷人的評(píng)卷思路，用最規(guī)范的結(jié)構(gòu)和最清晰的表達(dá)來(lái)體現(xiàn)自己的思路：首段要鮮明地提出觀點(diǎn)，中間段落層次要拉開(kāi)，每段的開(kāi)始應(yīng)該就是該段的topic sentence。
3. GRE寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分是整體評(píng)分(holistic scoring)：
首先，從公布的各分?jǐn)?shù)段評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)看，其評(píng)分主要注重以下三個(gè)方面：①、邏輯分析能力(要求insightful);②、文章的組織(要求well-organized);③、語(yǔ)言能力(要求standard written English; concise; varied structure等)。
但是也強(qiáng)調(diào)，gre考試評(píng)分是整體的，而不是各個(gè)角度分別評(píng)分。這就說(shuō)明，雖然中國(guó)考生的語(yǔ)言能力偏弱，但是只要能在其他兩個(gè)角度上給評(píng)卷人非常impressive的感覺(jué)，一樣可以拿到6分。因此，在短期內(nèi)盡力提高語(yǔ)言能力的同時(shí)(語(yǔ)言能力的培養(yǎng)不是一天兩天可以完成的)，我們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)該盡可能地對(duì)題目進(jìn)行深入的分析，學(xué)習(xí)高分作文的文章結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)這兩個(gè)方面的突破來(lái)迅速提高作文整體的分?jǐn)?shù)。
4. GRE寫(xiě)作兩個(gè)部分在總分中的權(quán)重是一樣的：
由于AA的寫(xiě)作不牽涉自己觀點(diǎn)的展開(kāi)，只須指出作者邏輯上的漏洞，因此在經(jīng)過(guò)訓(xùn)練以后，寫(xiě)起來(lái)并不困難;而AI的寫(xiě)作需要自己展開(kāi)自己設(shè)立的觀點(diǎn)，不但需要邏輯上的洞察能力，還需要論證觀點(diǎn)的能力，語(yǔ)言組織的能力，因此對(duì)于中國(guó)考生來(lái)講比較困難，難以短期內(nèi)有較大提高。但是這兩個(gè)部分在總分中的權(quán)重是一樣的，因此考生的策略應(yīng)該是盡量提高AI部分的寫(xiě)作能力而力保AA部分滿分(或高分)。因?yàn)槿绻鸄A部分滿分的話，AI部分只需爭(zhēng)取在4分以上就可以保證整體作文分?jǐn)?shù)在5分以上。二. 的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及作文分?jǐn)?shù)的計(jì)算
參照評(píng)過(guò)分的范文，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)：無(wú)論是ISSUE還是ARGUMENT在評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上都有共同之處，即：第一，觀點(diǎn)要有深度，論證要有說(shuō)服力;第二，組織要有條理，表達(dá)清晰準(zhǔn)確;第三，語(yǔ)言流利，句式復(fù)雜，詞匯豐富。這三條分別說(shuō)的是行文的“思想性”、“結(jié)構(gòu)性”和“表達(dá)性”，眾多高分作文的考生大凡都在這三個(gè)方面做得很好，我們理所當(dāng)然也要從這里入手，采取“各個(gè)擊破”的方法解剖GRE作文的本質(zhì)，從而得到一個(gè)理想分?jǐn)?shù)。
高分GRE寫(xiě)作提綱舉例指導(dǎo)
3 、"It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to
spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."
.期問(wèn)題長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)研究都要重視
1、誠(chéng)然，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)把錢(qián)用在當(dāng)前的社會(huì)問(wèn)題上，如：發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，解決失業(yè)、犯罪 poverty, disease, war等，因?yàn)檫@些社會(huì)問(wèn)題可能?chē)?yán)重危害人們的生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)安全;
vaccinate the children in poor African coutri es where hygiene conditions are unqualified
2、然而，我們同時(shí)也應(yīng)當(dāng)將錢(qián)用于長(zhǎng)期的研究很多問(wèn)題不能馬上解決，用于長(zhǎng)期研究才能根治，如環(huán)境問(wèn)題，需要植樹(shù)造林為未來(lái)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃，環(huán)境才能從根本上得以改善;如科學(xué)研究不是一朝一夕的事
long-term research devotes to resolving or prev enting social problems that might occur to our descendants; preserve the environment from deteri oration is easier than resolving those already emerged enironmental problems which jeopardize the ecosystem
.果只顧眼前，不顧未來(lái)，對(duì)后代生活造成嚴(yán)重影響，不搞節(jié)能研究，能源問(wèn)題
Immediate, existing problems 好比急性疾病對(duì)于人體一樣常常關(guān)系到社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定，經(jīng)濟(jì)的運(yùn)行，國(guó)家的存亡，解決不好后果十分嚴(yán)重。比如失業(yè)問(wèn)題引起政府稅收增加，不利于企業(yè)發(fā)展，事業(yè)人經(jīng)濟(jì)緊張，購(gòu)買(mǎi)力下降進(jìn)一步阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。附加的貧富差距引起社會(huì)階級(jí)對(duì)立，矛盾加劇的話引起社會(huì)動(dòng)亂，有些問(wèn)題是短時(shí)間內(nèi)不能解決的，需要長(zhǎng)期幾代人不懈的努力與規(guī)劃。提高人的道德素質(zhì)需要一點(diǎn)一滴的逐漸培養(yǎng)不可能一下子解決，預(yù)防制度的完善需要長(zhǎng)期的研究與實(shí)踐，這些與 human nature有關(guān)的問(wèn)題從來(lái)沒(méi)有被解決過(guò)。
當(dāng)代人對(duì)于后代有責(zé)任，比如環(huán)境的惡化，能源的消耗，對(duì)后代造成了不良影響，需要研究未來(lái)的能源危機(jī)與對(duì)策。需要針對(duì)環(huán)境的惡化做出補(bǔ)救措施，而且生態(tài)的恢復(fù)也是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期過(guò)程。
3T "It is more important to allocate money for immedi ate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."
與其花錢(qián)進(jìn)行可能有助于后代的長(zhǎng)期性研究，還不如把錢(qián)花在迫在眉睫，已經(jīng)存在的社會(huì)問(wèn)題上。
①花錢(qián)解決現(xiàn)在的問(wèn)題很合理，特別是很緊急的問(wèn)題。如：tsunami
②有些問(wèn)題不是現(xiàn)在就能解決的。需要長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的規(guī)劃。貧困問(wèn)題、犯罪問(wèn)題，有關(guān) human nature 的問(wèn)題從歷史上看從來(lái)沒(méi)有真正得到解決過(guò)。
③我們對(duì)未來(lái)負(fù)有責(zé)任。 A一方面，我們的行為造成了他們的損失。能源上，環(huán)境上。B 從道德上說(shuō)，人與動(dòng)物的區(qū)別在于我們會(huì)感情上認(rèn)為應(yīng)對(duì)后代負(fù)責(zé)。
When we enjoy the fruits of industrialization and democracy, we are, on the other side, confronted with social problems brought by as another consequence of this process.
Firstly, immediate, existing social problems that ba ffled us deeply need to be resolved as quickly as possible so to restore a sound society and improve its healthy development.
However, many present social problems cannot be resolved immediately as we hoped.
Furthermore, neglecting long-term researches that may help future generations, overemphasizing to focus on the present problems, may result in incomp lete resolution to these social problems, which can merely be an expedience rather than a resolution.
高分GRE寫(xiě)作提綱舉例指導(dǎo)
9"Academic disciplines have become so specia lized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use."
.分同意
1、承認(rèn)現(xiàn)代學(xué)科研究確實(shí)專業(yè)化很強(qiáng)，學(xué)科之間互不了解領(lǐng)域之間不了解，同領(lǐng)域的不同方向之間不了解
2、學(xué)科研究確實(shí)需要讓更多的人理解，促進(jìn)交流，相互啟發(fā)
define wider audience as people of other disciplines within the same field or relevant field; physics and mathematics; chemistry and biology; achievenments in one discipline can shed light on other discipline
3、但研究也不需要讓非該領(lǐng)域的所有人都理解
define wider audien ce as people outside academic field; the re search on computer science; people still can benefit from the application of those ideas even though they do not un der stand the underlying principles
9T "Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use."
.年來(lái)學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域更加專業(yè)化，以至于學(xué)者門(mén)的研究只作用于很小范圍內(nèi)的人群。除非學(xué)者們的研究能適合大范圍的人群，他們的想法才有用。
① 現(xiàn)在確實(shí) increasingly narrow. 如：原來(lái) Aristotle 什么都研究，現(xiàn)在的物理學(xué)家只關(guān)注于問(wèn)題 such as 一個(gè)核子如何作用。原來(lái) Confucius 對(duì)于國(guó)家的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都研究，現(xiàn)在的教育家只研究哪一種教學(xué)方法對(duì)一群特定學(xué)生起作用。
② 但科學(xué)家們之間有相互合作。如：Watson and Click DNA
③ 有些領(lǐng)域即使在很小范圍內(nèi)研究，也能服務(wù)于社會(huì)。Game theory
As a matter of fact, the more specialized the ideas, the less accessible to them. However, specialization does not have any impact on the value of scholars’ ideas. Actually, it is not necessary for the public to under stand all abstruse ideas scholars hold. For example,most people do not know how the CPU is running in the personal computer, but this does not hamper them to using computers.
高分GRE寫(xiě)作提綱舉例指導(dǎo)
8 、"It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public."
.分同意
1、承認(rèn)為了獲得政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán) win the political game需要withhold informaion to gain political power; disclose every personal flaw, shortcoming, foibles opponents will take advantage; no need to be complete honest
2、關(guān)系到 classic information of the government要保留 national defence，attack on drug dealers
3、但在關(guān)系到人民利益的時(shí)候隱瞞信息會(huì)對(duì)人們?cè)斐晌：?，使政府失去信?the panic caused by SARS derived from China in 2003 was mostly initia ted by the closure of information by the government of Beijing. Lots of citizens are not available to take measures to protect from this deadly disease.
.It is always impossible for the political leaders to reveal everything to the public, especially some the information which can affect the national security. Different nations are competing and even antagonistic. Revealing some information could has no help for the solution but poses negative impact on the stability of a country. Unidentified illness
Withholding information should not be the excuse for political leaders to abuse their power.
Withholding information at their will could provide the chance of corruption, 在不威脅國(guó)家安全，社會(huì)穩(wěn)定情況下，政府行為應(yīng)該盡可能透明，接受監(jiān)督。
【題目】 "It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public."
【翻譯】對(duì)于政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來(lái)說(shuō)，向人民大眾隱瞞信息通常是必要的，甚至有益的。少數(shù)和多數(shù)的關(guān)系之 true lies, the truth is out there.
【提綱】
1、向人民大眾隱瞞一些信息在一些情況下是有必要的，甚至是有宜的，例子，政府準(zhǔn)備到某個(gè) state 進(jìn)行人們生活質(zhì)量的考察，之前就很有必要不要告訴大家，因?yàn)槿绻嬖V了 the public ，那么那個(gè)state 的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)可能會(huì)做一些表明工作，那么考察到的就不是真實(shí)情況了【這是看的別人的例子，實(shí)在沒(méi)想出來(lái)】
2、在一些情況下告訴 the public 實(shí)情還能幫助政府度過(guò)危機(jī)【例子就是 SARS 在2002 年在中國(guó)，如果不告知民眾，那么很有可能大家不知道如何預(yù)防這種 virus，使得更多的人染上它，但告知后，人民在政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，降低了感染上這種 virus 的人數(shù)，成功的控制了 virus】
3、總結(jié)
.導(dǎo)對(duì)公眾有所保留
一、適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ａ羰潜仨毜?，無(wú)論是上臺(tái)前還是上臺(tái)后 imcompatible 。但長(zhǎng)期不行。
二、在上臺(tái)前，誠(chéng)實(shí)是無(wú)用的美德 Before the political leader is elected, honesty is not a useful virtue for candidates
1.民眾不信任，給對(duì)手留空隙
2.沒(méi)辦法完全保證承諾能實(shí)現(xiàn)，布什的減稅計(jì)劃因 911 而沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)
三、上臺(tái)后有時(shí)隱瞞信息也是必要的。After being elected, it is advantaged to conceal some information for the leader either.
1.國(guó)家安全，國(guó)家安全會(huì)議
2.經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，海帶豐收
3.公眾容易恐慌，禽流感傳聞
四、on the other hand, people in any democracy will throw down the gauntlet to the goverment’s blackout, or put it bluntly, so-called fooling the public, in the long run.
1、民主社會(huì)，人民才是主人
2、 empirical evidence of economy，持續(xù)通脹 counterproductive
3、長(zhǎng)期欺騙只有 downfall, abuse, subversi on of administration
8T 個(gè)體和整體 政治類 "It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public." 8 . 政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們?cè)诠娒媲坝兴Ａ羰潜匾?，甚至是必須的?/p>
① 在某些情況下，封閉信息是需要。A 如國(guó)防 national defense，抓捕犯人 culprit等B 有時(shí)群眾了解的信息可能是片面的，引起騷動(dòng)，還不如不了解 Admittedly, sometimes it is necessary for political leaders to keep the public from know something, such as country’s top secret, which is indispensable and helpful for a country in defending aggression and keeping safety.
② 公開(kāi)信息更有利于群眾與政府的互動(dòng)，更利于幫助政府把事情辦好. 如：現(xiàn)在很多地方的政府網(wǎng)站，以及攝像頭等。
③ 公開(kāi)信息還有一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)：防止權(quán)力的腐敗 反面說(shuō)：引起腐敗，and therefore bring detriment to society.
Firstly, political leaders, in a democracy regime, will harm the proper right of people as they withhold information from the public.
Secondly, withholding information from the public will result in corruption in the government, and therefore bring detriment to society.
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