gre考試閱讀滿分攻略

陳鈴221147 分享 時間:

從gre閱讀準(zhǔn)備的角度來看,首先要培養(yǎng)在電腦前閱讀長篇英語文章的感覺。下面小編就和大家分享gre考試閱讀滿分攻略,希望能夠幫助到大家,來欣賞一下吧。

gre考試閱讀滿分攻略

第一:詞匯和語法基礎(chǔ)要扎實(shí)。

一般來說考生只要把六級詞匯完全掌握,參加gre閱讀考試就沒有問題,但考生也不要掉以輕心,因為gre閱讀中雖然沒有生僻詞匯,但卻經(jīng)常有長難句出現(xiàn),考生如果連基本的詞匯都沒有掌握,那么應(yīng)對長難句就會力不從心。

gre閱讀考試是一項比較全面的考察學(xué)生英語能力的內(nèi)容,所以從詞匯開始,一直到句子已經(jīng)篇章都有對應(yīng)的練習(xí)題類型去考察。但是要理解句子的含義,光是詞匯認(rèn)識也不一定能完全搞清楚,有的時候需要通過語法知識去分析。這種語法在很多題型中有所體現(xiàn)。例如指代題,要分析代詞所指的先行詞是哪個,有時就要通過句子主謂賓成分的分析才能找到。

第二:邏輯關(guān)系詞要牢記在心。

英語句子的理解很多時候是要去理解其邏輯關(guān)系的,常見的邏輯關(guān)系有并列(and, as well),比較(than, as….as),因果(because, so, therefore, thus, result from),遞進(jìn)(also, furthermore),轉(zhuǎn)折(but, however, yet)等等。句子內(nèi)有這些邏輯關(guān)系,句子和句子之間也有這些邏輯關(guān)系,這樣才能理清整篇文章的脈絡(luò),去完成例如句子簡化,插入句子這類題型。

第三:快速閱讀能力要加強(qiáng)。

gre閱讀考試每篇的時間是規(guī)定為20分鐘,除了看長篇的文章外,還有11或13道題目的內(nèi)容,所以時間是非常緊張的,因此在閱讀的時候速度就很關(guān)鍵。考生要改掉一些閱讀的壞習(xí)慣,例如逐字閱讀,出聲閱讀,或者指著閱讀等,這樣的習(xí)慣只會拖慢閱讀的速度。所以快速閱讀能力在考試中是非常重要的,讀的時候要以意群來看。

第四:注重歸納的能力培養(yǎng)。

gre閱讀的最后一大題都是以全文意思的歸納為基礎(chǔ)才能完成的,尤其是summary,考察的就是考生對文章的整體把握。因此考生在平時練習(xí)的時候一定要注意對文章段落的歸納,能夠在較短的時間內(nèi)把文章段落的中心大意讀出來,然后進(jìn)行總結(jié),最后選擇出最能代表文章中心含義的內(nèi)容。如果能在平時就注重歸納能力的培養(yǎng),那么考試的時候就不用害怕summary這種歸納概括性的題型了。

想在新gre閱讀中獲得高分甚至是滿分嗎?在準(zhǔn)備gre閱讀時,你需要在詞匯和語法方面打下堅實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),記住有邏輯的單詞,提高你的快速閱讀能力,培養(yǎng)歸納能力。至于具體的做法,小編在上面的gre考試資訊中,已經(jīng)為申請人一一介紹過了,請大家注意!

GRE閱讀文章:主體結(jié)構(gòu)

1. 結(jié)論-解釋型(也叫論點(diǎn)-解釋型)

首先是“結(jié)論-解釋型”文章。這類文章在開始有一個判斷句,一般是文章的結(jié)論,也是文章的主題。這個判斷句的謂語部分通常包含系動詞(is, remain, prove, turn out, appear等)或情態(tài)動詞(can, may, should, must等),而且含有表示態(tài)度的詞匯(如形容詞等)。例如,

Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth's subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern…

文章首句指出:“由于‘地震反射法’(sr)在勾劃地球的地下層面這方面的準(zhǔn)確性,該方法一直是探尋石油儲備的最重要的工具?!边@是一個判斷句,為結(jié)論。其中remains為系動詞,而most important為態(tài)度詞,表示作者對“地震反射法”持非常正面的評價。后文應(yīng)解釋“地震反射法”的具體過程。 第二句話對解釋進(jìn)行總的說明:“在實(shí)地作業(yè)中,通過將一系列波列源,諸如小規(guī)模炸藥爆炸,排列成一個網(wǎng)格模式,從而將地下層面標(biāo)繪出來。”接下來是“地震反射法”的詳細(xì)過程。

2. 新老觀點(diǎn)對比型

GRE閱讀文章的第二種常見結(jié)構(gòu)是“新老觀點(diǎn)對比型”。 這類文章在開始提出老觀點(diǎn),然后提出新觀點(diǎn)并進(jìn)行論述。通常新觀點(diǎn)是文章的主題。老觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志詞有:

1. 傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn): has been, traditionally, until recently等

2. 大眾觀點(diǎn):frequently, widely, many等

新觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志詞有:however, recently, now等。

例如,

Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so that the ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing much more pollen than is actually used.

However, a number of features that are characteristic of wind-pollinated plants reduce pollen waste…

文章首句指出:“傳統(tǒng)上,風(fēng)媒授粉過程一直被視為是一個以隨機(jī)事件為標(biāo)志的繁殖過程,其中風(fēng)的不確定性通過產(chǎn)生大量花粉而得以補(bǔ)償,因此,新種子的最終繁殖得以保證,而此舉的代價是所需產(chǎn)生的花粉要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過實(shí)際的使用量。”由第一個詞traditionally可知文章首句為老觀點(diǎn)(由于風(fēng)的不確定性,風(fēng)媒植物要產(chǎn)生大量花粉補(bǔ)償),那么本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是“新老觀點(diǎn)對比型”。

第二段首句出現(xiàn)了GRE閱讀中的標(biāo)志性轉(zhuǎn)折詞however,說明這句話就是新觀點(diǎn):“但是,風(fēng)媒植物所獨(dú)有的一系列特征可減少花粉浪費(fèi)。”這說明風(fēng)媒植物除了可以產(chǎn)生大量花粉加以補(bǔ)償?shù)南麡O策略之外,還可以通過一些積極機(jī)制減少花粉損失,不一定需要產(chǎn)生大量花粉。

3. 現(xiàn)象解釋型(包含問題-解決方案型)

GRE閱讀文章的第三種常見結(jié)構(gòu)是“現(xiàn)象解釋型”。文章開始提出一個現(xiàn)象,然后解釋現(xiàn)象。解釋是主題。有多個解釋時,作者一般對前面的解釋持負(fù)面評價,對最后的解釋持正面評價。提出現(xiàn)象時的標(biāo)志詞有:phenomenon, fact; problem, difficulty, puzzle, question等。例如,

What causes a helix in nature to appear with either a dextral ("right-handed,"or clockwise) twist or a sinistral ("left-handed," or counterclockwise') twist is one of the most intriguing puzzles in the science of form…What mechanisms, control handedness and keep left-handedness rare?

It would seem unlikely that evolution should discriminate against sinistral snails if sinistral and dextral snails are exact mirror images, for any disadvantage that a sinistral twist in itself could confer on its possessor is almost inconceivable. But left- and right-handed snails are not actually true mirror images of one another…

But this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have become predominant…

Here, the evolutionary theory must defer to a theory based on an explicit developmental mechanism that can favor either right- or left-handedness…Thus, the path to a solution to the puzzle of handedness in all snails appears to be as twisted as the helix itself。

是什么樣的原因致使自然界中的螺旋體呈現(xiàn)出右旋(“右向旋轉(zhuǎn)的”,或順時針的)或左旋(“左向旋轉(zhuǎn)的,”或反時針的)?這是形態(tài)科學(xué)中一個最引人入勝的不解之謎....。。究竟是一些什么樣的機(jī)制控制著旋轉(zhuǎn)方向,并使左旋的比例為數(shù)稀少呢??

假如左旋和右旋蝸牛呈完全一致的鏡像對稱的話,那么進(jìn)化對左旋蝸牛不利,這近乎不太可能。幾乎無法想象左旋本身會給左旋者帶來任何不利之處。然而,左旋與右旋蝸牛彼此間實(shí)際上并不呈真正的鏡像對稱....

但是,這種結(jié)合不對稱、解剖學(xué)和偶然性的進(jìn)化論機(jī)制并未提供一種充分的解釋,以說明蝸牛的右旋何以會成為主要的旋向....

于是,進(jìn)化論必須讓位于支持右旋或左旋的明確的發(fā)育機(jī)制為基礎(chǔ)的理論....。。因此,解決所有蝸牛身上旋向之謎的道路似乎與這一螺旋體本身一樣曲折復(fù)雜。

上文在第一段最后提出一個問題:“究竟是一些什么樣的機(jī)制控制著旋轉(zhuǎn)方向,并使左旋的比例為數(shù)稀少呢??”這個問題就是一個現(xiàn)象:螺旋體中左旋的比例少。有問題就有解答,有現(xiàn)象就有解釋。第二段從進(jìn)化論的角度解釋這一現(xiàn)象。但是,GRE閱讀文章中一般對進(jìn)化論的解釋持負(fù)面評價,所以需要尋找新的解釋。第三段否定了進(jìn)化論的解釋。在末段,作者以發(fā)育機(jī)制(developmental mechanism)解釋“為何左旋少、右旋多”。

把握了文章的三種主體結(jié)構(gòu)以后,做文章后的許多題時易如反掌。以上述的“結(jié)論——解釋型”文章為例,如果熟悉文章的主體結(jié)構(gòu),下面兩道題就很容易找到正確答案。

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) describing an important technique

(B) discussing a new method

(C) investigating a controversial procedure

(D) announcing a significant discovery

(E) promoting a novel application

正確答案對應(yīng)文章首句的主題句。因此(A)為正確答案。

2. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A method is criticized, and an alternative is suggested

(B) An illustration is examined, and some errors are exposed

(C) An assertion is made, and a procedure is outlined

(D) A series of examples is presented, and a conclusion is drawn

(E) A hypothesis is advanced, and supporting evidence is supplied

本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是“結(jié)論—解釋型”,因此(C)為正確答案。

GRE閱讀:能源消費(fèi)(邏輯)

Between 1970 and 1980, energy consumption by United States industry peaked and then declined, so that by 1980 total industrial use of energy was below the 1970 level even though total industrial output had grown substantially in the same period. Industry must have instituted highly effective energy conservation measures in those years to have achieved such impressive results.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion of the argument?

(A) Many industries switched to the greatest extent possible from high-priced oil to lower-priced alternatives throughout the 1970's.

(B) Total residential energy consumption was higher in the United States in 1980 than it had been in 1970

(C) Many industrial users of energy had paid little attention to energy conservation prior to 1970.

(D) Industrial output grew less rapidly from 1970 to 1980 than it had from 1960 to 1970.

(E) The industries whose production dropped sharply during the 1970's included a disproportionately large number of energy-intensive industries.


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英語學(xué)習(xí)

GRE考試詳情指南

英語單詞

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