托福閱讀遇到生詞及時(shí)整理記憶

托福閱讀考試時(shí)間非常短，一篇700詞的文章，設(shè)置14個(gè)問(wèn)題，需要大家在20分鐘內(nèi)完成，而且，托福閱讀文章難度也不低，很多同學(xué)在做托福閱讀練習(xí)的時(shí)候都會(huì)遇到很多生詞，影響做題速度。下面小編就和大家分享托福閱讀詞匯如何積累，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀詞匯如何積累?遇到生詞及時(shí)整理記憶

一.文章完全讀不懂，先去背單詞

托福閱讀是托?？荚囁膫€(gè)版塊中涵蓋詞匯量最廣的一塊，所以，想要做好閱讀必須要有一定量的詞匯儲(chǔ)備。有的同學(xué)在剛開(kāi)始備考托福的時(shí)候，直接去做真題練習(xí)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀文章幾乎完全讀不懂。這其實(shí)就是因?yàn)樵~匯量積累不夠，建議先返回去背單詞，當(dāng)有了一定的詞匯量基礎(chǔ)后，再開(kāi)始做閱讀練習(xí)題。

二. 閱讀中遇到生詞及時(shí)積累

即便是積累了一定的詞匯量，在做閱讀練習(xí)的時(shí)候也會(huì)遇到一些生詞。建議大家及時(shí)將遇到的生詞積累下來(lái)，做完閱讀文章以后及時(shí)回顧復(fù)習(xí)。要注意的是，及時(shí)積累并不意味著遇到生詞就中斷做題，拿本記錄生詞。積累閱讀生詞的環(huán)節(jié)應(yīng)該放在對(duì)完答案重讀文章時(shí)。做題的過(guò)程中即便遇到影響理解的單詞也不要停下來(lái)查單詞，應(yīng)該先保證在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)將閱讀題做完，如果影響理解，可以試著結(jié)合上下文猜一猜單詞的意思，就像大家做詞匯題使用的猜詞方法一樣。

三. 代入法記憶

閱讀詞匯的記憶不應(yīng)該像背單詞書(shū)那樣死記硬背，閱讀詞匯積累建議大家使用代入法記憶。因?yàn)樯~都是閱讀文章中的詞匯，大家可以代入到具體的語(yǔ)境中記憶，這樣記憶能不僅能幫助大家記住單詞的意思，還能了解單詞的用法。如果覺(jué)得尋找單詞出處太浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，大家可以在積累生詞的時(shí)候?qū)⒃睦涑聛?lái)。代入法不但記憶效率高，記憶效果也很牢靠，但是卻有一個(gè)不可避免的缺點(diǎn)：記憶單詞釋義太過(guò)單一。閱讀文章中生詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的釋義都是唯一的，所以代入法記憶只能記住生詞在文章中的釋義，延伸釋義則需要大家自己去做拓展練習(xí)。

四. 堅(jiān)持

“堅(jiān)持”兩個(gè)字說(shuō)起來(lái)非常容易，但真正做到卻很難。詞匯記憶最為重要的就是堅(jiān)持，一開(kāi)始大家都熱情高漲，非常積極，但是能堅(jiān)持到最后人則少之又少，正所謂“靡不有初，鮮克有終”。希望大家能保持最初備考的熱情，將閱讀詞匯積累的工作堅(jiān)持到底。

以上是小站君為大家整理的關(guān)于托福閱讀詞匯積累的方法。托福閱讀詞匯涉獵的范圍非常寬泛，大家在做閱讀之前需要有一定的詞匯基礎(chǔ)，做閱讀的過(guò)程中要及時(shí)積累遇到的生詞，可以使用代入法高效記憶。

托福閱讀真題原題+題目

The smooth operation of an ant colony depends on ten to twenty different signals, most of which are pheromones (chemical signals triggering behavioral responses). It is estimated that red fire ants employ at least twelve different chemical signals. The simplest of these is the carbon dioxide from the respiration of an ant cluster, a chemical that acts as a pheromone to promote aggregation. Workers move toward a source of carbon dioxide, resulting in solitary ants moving to join a group. At the other extreme, the most complex of the fire ants' signals is probably colony odor, by which the workers of a particular colony or nest identify another worker as local or foreign. Each ant nest has its own odor as a result of its location, history, and local food supply. The resident ants pick up this odor on their bodies, so that ants of the same species, but from different nests, have different colony odors. This allows ants to identify intruders and maintain colony integrity.

Fire ants also make use of an alarm pheromone to alert workers to an emergency, and their scouts lay down a trail pheromone as a guide during mass migrations. A fire ant queen emits a chemical signal that identifies her to the colony's workers. They respond by scurrying to gather around her. The decomposing corpse of a dead ant also generates a signal, to which workers respond by eliminating the corpse from the nest.

Ants provide examples of both public (accessible to other species) and private messages. One of their most important private messages concerns food, for a food source is worth keeping secret. Each species marks its trails with signals that are meaningless to others, so that an ant crossing a trail left by another ant species typically notices nothing. On the other hand, a secret signal to mark a dead body is unnecessary. Many kinds of ants perceive a natural decomposition product of dead insects as a signal to remove a corpse. If an outsider recognizes this message and moves the body, no harm is done.

1. What aspect of ants does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The relationship between the queen and the worker ants

(B) Ways in which ants use chemical signals

(C) Methods ants use to identify food sources

(D) The importance of respiration in the production of ant pheromones

2. The phrase smooth operation in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) daily activity

(B) effective functioning

(C) delicate balance

(D) permanent location

3. According to the passage , carbon dioxide serves which of the following functions for fire ants?

(A) It protects the queen.

(B) It attracts other ant species.

(C) It informs workers of possible danger.

(D) It encourages the ants to gather together.

4. The word cluster in line 4 is closest in meaning to

(A) organ

(B) activity

(C) group

(D) cycle

5. According to the passage , each nest has a distinct odor that allows its inhabitants to

(A) find the location of the nest in the dark

(B) distinguish worker ants from other ants

(C) distinguish foreign ants from resident ants

(D) signal other inhabitants when foreign ants attack

6. The word alert in line 13 is closest in meaning to

(A) allow

(B) transport

(C) warn

(D) provide

7. What is the role of pheromones in the mass migrations of ants?

(A) Pheromones are used to create a trail that directs the ants during migrations.

(B) Pheromones signal the ants that the nest has been invaded and must be abandoned.

(C) Pheromones control the speed at which ants move from one location to another.

(D) Pheromones enable scouts to identify suitable areas for establishing a new nest.

8. The word scurrying in line 16 is closest in meaning to

(A) agreeing

(B) appearing

(C) competing

(D) rushing

9. The word others in line 21 refers to

(A) private messages

(B) species

(C) trails

(D) signals

10. Why does the author mention dead insects in line 23?

(A) To compare the social behaviors of ants with those of other insects

(B) To emphasize the dangers that all insects encounter

(C) To argue the superiority of ants over other insects

(D) To indicate a behavior that is common among various kinds of ants

11. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?

(A) pheromones (line 2)

(B) colony integrity (lines 12)

(C) mass migrations (line 14)

(D) private messages (lines 18-19)

PASSAGE 86 BBDCC CADBD A