針對托福閱讀中常見的問題解答
對于托福閱讀大家都有著各種問題存在，大部分都是之前沒接觸過托福閱讀試題導(dǎo)致的，今天小編給大家?guī)砹酸槍ν懈ｉ喿x中常見的問題解答，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
針對托福閱讀中常見的問題解答
1、如何合理利用技巧完成托福閱讀?
參加托?？荚嚨目荚囈话慵性诟咧猩⒋髮W(xué)生，詞匯量在四五千左右，他們在接觸托福閱讀的時候會遇到很多生詞，尤其是分門別類的學(xué)科詞匯，分為地理、天文、生物學(xué)、動物學(xué)四大塊，學(xué)員就會有很多的誤解，到底應(yīng)該掌握多少詞匯才能做好托福閱讀。其實(shí)只要確定好中心詞匯和構(gòu)架詞匯的區(qū)別，對學(xué)科詞匯只需要認(rèn)知，對構(gòu)架詞匯需要熟知。在技巧中只需要通過分解句型，由于托福閱讀特別長，每個都是長連句分析，把它按照邏輯分解之后，按照關(guān)鍵詞，找到重點(diǎn)部分，后找到簡潔的出題主干，就很容易理解了。
2、在讀托福閱讀文章時應(yīng)該采用什么順序和方法?
讀文章一般都是先看題目再讀文章。看題目的話，托福和雅思的區(qū)別就在于要我們自己去定位，因?yàn)槊總€題目都是按照文章的順序順延下來的，只是在后一個小結(jié)題目的時候需要翻開前面的文章，重點(diǎn)讀每一段的首末句找到它。
3、平時再教學(xué)中，學(xué)生做托福閱讀試題時有什么常見的誤區(qū)嗎?
大多數(shù)學(xué)生的問題都在于對句子的理解，尤其是復(fù)合句，學(xué)生無法理解整個句子，而是會按照個別的單次來分散，造成句子理解的中斷。我們在教導(dǎo)的時候會把句子分解，讓學(xué)生去看句子的構(gòu)架，這樣學(xué)生去找主干的話就會容易的多了。由于托福閱讀中，一長段的內(nèi)容實(shí)際上有效信息并不多，要從中找出有效信息就需要對句型有了解，只看獨(dú)立的詞就無法理解意思。
4、托福閱讀是需要六級以上的詞匯量才能得到相對較高的分?jǐn)?shù)嗎?為什么?
學(xué)生考過六級之后不一定能在托福上獲得高分，六級和托福的考試還是有非常大的區(qū)別。六級的詞匯量是考托福起碼的一個基礎(chǔ)。因?yàn)榱壉痴b的大多數(shù)是構(gòu)架詞匯，這些是需要熟練的。如果有六級詞匯的基礎(chǔ)，后續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)中基礎(chǔ)提高也會比較快。
托福閱讀真題原題+題目
Rent control is the system whereby the local government tells building owners how much they can charge their tenants in rent. In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.
In 1943 the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem of housing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, but in some locations, including New York City, controls continued. Under New York's controls, a landlord generally cannot raise rents on apartments as long as the tenants continue to renew their leases. In places such as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by the inflation of the 1970's, which, combined with California's rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, as well as rents, to record levels. In 1979 Santa Monica's municipal government ordered landlords to roll back their rents to the levels charged in 1978. Future rents could only go up by two-thirds as much as any increase in the overall price level.
In any housing market, rental prices perform three functions: (1) promoting the efficient maintenance of existing housing and stimulating the construction of new housing, (2) allocating existing scarce housing among competing claimants, and (3) rationing use of existing housing by potential renters.
One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability — rents. Consider some examples. In a recent year in Dallas, Texas, with a 16 percent rental vacancy rate but no rent control laws, 11,000 new housing units were built. In the same year, in San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. The major difference? San Francisco has only a 1.6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws. In New York City, except for government-subsidized construction, the only rental units being built are luxury units, which are exempt from controls. In Santa Monica, California, new apartments are not being constructed. New office rental space and commercial developments are, however. They are exempt from rent controls.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The construction of apartments in the United States.
(B) Causes and effects of rent control
(C) The fluctuations of rental prices
(D) The shortage of affordable housing in the United States.
2. The word They in line 9 refers to
(A) the tenants
(B) their leases
(C) places
(D) rent controls.
3. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica,California?
(A) rapid population growth
(B) inflation
(C) economic conditions during wartime
(D) record-high housing prices
4. The phrase roll back in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) credit
(B) measure
(C) vary
(D) reduce
5. The word stimulating in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A) experimenting with
(B) identifying
(C) estimating
(D) encouraging
6. It can be inferred that the purpose of rent control is to
(A) protect tenants
(B) promote construction
(C) increase vacancy rates
(D) decrease sales of rental units
7. The word depressed in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) saddened
(B) created
(C) lowered
(D) defeated
8. The information in the last paragraph supports which of the following statements?
(A) San Francisco has eliminated its rent control laws.
(B) Rent control leads to a reduction in the construction of housing units
(C) Luxury apartments are rarely built when there is rent control
(D) There is a growing need for government-subsidized housing.
9. According to the passage , which of the following cities does NOT currently have rent controls?
(A) Santa Monica
(B) Dallas
(C) San Francisco
(D) New York City
10. The word stringent in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) straightforward
(B) strict
(C) expanded
(D) efficient
11. According to the passage , which of the following is NOT exempt from rent control?
(A) Luxury apartments
(B) Commercial development
(C) Moderately priced apartments
(D) Office space.
PASSAGE 31 BDCDD ACBBB C
托福閱讀真題原題+題目
Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects — it is estimated that 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.
Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions. For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.
A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly personal communication citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.
In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.
1. Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Their physical characteristics
(B) Their names
(C) Their adaptation to different habitats
(D) Their variety
2. The word consequence in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) result
(B) explanation
(C) analysis
(D) requirement
3. Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issues
because they
(A) are simple in structure
(B) are viewed positively by people
(C) have been given scientific names
(D) are found mainly in temperate climates
4. The word striking in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) physical
(B) confusing
(C) noticeable
(D) successful
5. The word exceed in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) locate
(B) allow
(C) go beyond
(D) come close to
6. All of the following are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity
EXCEPT
(A) differences between temperate and tropical zones
(B) patterns of distribution of species in each region
(C) migration among temperate and tropical zones
(D) variation of patterns of distribution of species among different animals and plants
7. The author mentions tropical Asia in lines 19 as an example of a location where
(A) butterfly behavior varies with climate
(B) a general theory of butterfly diversity has not yet been firmly established
(C) butterflies are affected by human populations
(D) documenting plant species is more difficult than documenting butterfly species
8. Which of the following is NOT well understood by biologists?
(A) European butterfly habitats
(B) Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions
(C) Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical region
(D) Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups
9. The word generated in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) requested
(B) caused
(C) assisted
(D) estimated
PASSAGE 30 DABCC CBCB
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