托福閱讀學(xué)習(xí)這3個誤區(qū)要引起警惕
托福閱讀備考中，考生因?yàn)槿狈?jīng)驗(yàn)可能會產(chǎn)生一些錯誤的想法并采取錯誤的練習(xí)方式走入誤區(qū)。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x學(xué)習(xí)這3個誤區(qū)要引起警惕 ,希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
【備考須知】托福閱讀學(xué)習(xí)這3個誤區(qū)要引起警惕
托福閱讀學(xué)習(xí)誤區(qū)講解：不要過于關(guān)注難點(diǎn)和冷僻詞匯
在托福的考試中，往往都還是會有那么3-4題難度較高的題目，這些題目涉及到生僻詞匯可能性還是較高的。但是建議普通考生不必過于在意這些題目。在備考托福閱讀時候，我們還是應(yīng)該把復(fù)習(xí)的重心放在閱讀能力的提升和詞匯量的累計(jì)上。比如，如何學(xué)會歸納每段內(nèi)容的段落大意，練習(xí)快速找到文中的關(guān)鍵詞。畢竟，這些才是提升自己托福成績的最重要部分。
托福閱讀學(xué)習(xí)誤區(qū)講解：閱讀詞匯題不僅僅依賴于單詞量
在做閱讀的詞匯題時，許多備考學(xué)生都會把題目的對錯與自己的單詞量掛鉤。但是，詞匯題目的對錯原因不能僅僅局限掌握的詞匯量。在做題的時候，同樣不要忽視上下文的重要性，有時也許也會在上下文中找到這些詞匯題的線索。
托福閱讀學(xué)習(xí)誤區(qū)講解：閱讀數(shù)量和能力提升不能成正比
中國的教育方式歷來盛行“題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)”，這也就誤導(dǎo)了許多學(xué)生，在備考托福的時候，無限度的把時間放在做題上，認(rèn)為做題就是提升閱讀能力的唯一方法。小編建議大家，在托福閱讀的復(fù)習(xí)時，不要為了“做題”而“做題”，應(yīng)該集中精力在真題的理解和分析上。除了在做題之外，同時在閱讀材料中還應(yīng)該歸納和整理生詞和長句，定期的題后的分析和整理才會給你帶了更大的收益。
托福閱讀背景：the worst 25 passwords of 2015
When it comes to making up passwords, we’re not doing so great as a society.
在編密碼這件事上，大部分人的表現(xiàn)都不怎么樣。
Password management firm SplashData released its annual "Worst Passwords List," revealing that humans have remained rather indifferent to choosing unique, secure passwords since the company's first report in 2011. SplashData analyzed more than 2 million leaked passwords in 2015 and found several trends in the most common ones.
密碼管理公司“飛濺數(shù)據(jù)”近日發(fā)布了2015年度“最不安全密碼排行榜”。通過此次調(diào)查，“飛濺數(shù)據(jù)”發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然它從2011年就開始發(fā)這個榜，但人們對于選擇一個獨(dú)一無二的安全密碼的覺悟還是不高。該公司對2015年遭泄露的200多萬個密碼進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)了以下幾個特點(diǎn)。
“Password” and “123456” still claim the top two spots on the list, where they've remained for the past five years. Simple numerical passwords remain an easy go-to; six of the top 10 passwords are comprised of only numbers.
“Password”仍然是大家最愛用的密碼，“123456”其次。這是它倆連續(xù)第5年霸占前兩名了。大部分人還是青睞簡單的數(shù)字密碼。榜單前10名中有6個是純數(shù)字密碼。
You'll also find that references to sports and pop culture are fairly common. “Football” and “baseball” are both in the top 10 list, and in line with the release of The Force Awakens, “starwars,” “solo” and “princess” are all new entries on this year’s list.
體育和流行文化相關(guān)的詞匯也在大家最愛用的密碼之列?！癋ootball”和“baseball”都位列前10;隨著《星球大戰(zhàn)：原力覺醒》的上映，“starwars”、“solo”和“princess”也首登今年的不安全密碼榜。
Several others that weren't on the 2014 list include “welcome,” “l(fā)ogin” and “passw0rd." Changing that "o" in password to a zero might seem original, but a lot of people had the same idea.
其他2014沒有、2015新上榜的還有“welcome”、“l(fā)ogin”和“passw0rd"。不要以為自己把“password”中的字母“o”換成數(shù)字“0”很有創(chuàng)意，其實(shí)很多人都想到了這點(diǎn)。
If you see your password on this list, make your 2016 resolution to do better.
如果你在本榜單上看到了你正在用的密碼，就在2016年下定決心改了吧。
1. 123456
2. password
3. 12345678
4. qwerty
5. 12345
6. 123456789
7. football
8. 1234
9. 1234567
10. baseball
11. welcome
12. 1234567890
13. abc123
14. 111111
15. 1qaz2wsx
16. dragon
17. master
18. monkey
19. letmein
20. login
21. princess
22. qwertyuiop
23. solo
24. passw0rd
25. starwars
“飛濺數(shù)據(jù)”建議使用這樣的密碼
1. Use passwords with 12 characters or more with mixed types of characters.
最好在12個字符以上，混合多種字符類型(譯者注：一個數(shù)字、一個字母、一個標(biāo)點(diǎn)，都屬于一個字符)。
2. Avoid using the same password over and over again on different websites.
不同網(wǎng)站的賬戶不要反復(fù)使用同一個密碼。
3. Use a password manager, like SplashID or LastPass, to organize and protect passwords, generate random passwords and automatically log into websites.
可以使用密碼管理器(如SplashID或LastPass)管理和保護(hù)密碼，生成隨機(jī)密碼并自動登錄網(wǎng)站賬戶。
托福閱讀背景知識之“orthorexia nervosa完美食欲癥”
急于吃“健康食品”或者“干凈食品”，一旦吃了自認(rèn)為“不健康”的食品就心情沮喪、壓力巨大，小心!你可能患上了完美食欲癥(orthorexia nervosa)。
過度癡迷于所謂的健康食品，為了吃得健康而嚴(yán)格控制飲食和種類直到偏執(zhí)的程度，從而使身體處于危險狀況的癥狀，世界衛(wèi)生組織把這種癥狀定義為健康食品癡迷癥，也稱為完美食欲癥或健康食品強(qiáng)迫癥。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，目前全球大約有28%的人口患上了這新的飲食失調(diào)癥。
The "clean eating movement" has taken the world by storm in recent years.
近些年，“飲食健康運(yùn)動”風(fēng)靡全球。
Magazines, fitness blogs and Instagram are filled with people posing with their green smoothies, kale salads and sugar-free desserts.
雜志、健身博客和圖片分享應(yīng)用Instagram上到處都是人們分享綠色果沙、甘藍(lán)沙拉、和無糖甜點(diǎn)的照片。
While healthy lifestyle changes should be applauded, people have become increasingly neurotic about what they put on their plates, some experts say.
而專家提醒稱，盡管我們應(yīng)該稱贊人們向健康生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，但人們對健康食品的執(zhí)著越來越神經(jīng)質(zhì)了。
The desire to eat more healthily can veer into an obsession, with rising numbers of people - mainly women in their 30s - suffering from orthorexia nervosa.
“吃得更健康”，這一愿望可能會發(fā)展成強(qiáng)迫癥。越來越多的人們患上“完美食欲癥”，尤以30多歲的女性居多。
Orthorexics spend vast amounts of their time planning their food, resisting temptation, applauding themselves when they stick to their diet.
“完美食欲癥”患者花大量時間計(jì)劃吃什么，抵制誘惑，如果能堅(jiān)持住飲食計(jì)劃就會肯定自己。
In its severe form, orthorexia can lead to weight loss, malnutrition and even death, experts warn.
專家警告稱，如果癥狀嚴(yán)重，“完美食欲癥”會導(dǎo)致體重下降、營養(yǎng)不良，甚至死亡。
Sufferers typically cut out entire food groups – often in the mistaken belief they are unhealthy or their bodies are intolerant to them – thereby depriving themselves of essential nutrition and vitamins.
“完美食欲癥”患者經(jīng)常會選擇放棄整類食物---錯誤地認(rèn)為這類食物不健康，或者自己的身體不耐受，因此身體就會缺乏必須的營養(yǎng)和維生素。
At the same time many over-exercise, leaving themselves weak or even emaciated.
同時很多人還過度鍛煉，把自己搞的虛弱又憔悴。
This can leave them with low energy levels, nutritional deficiencies which can lead to depression and anxiety.
由此引發(fā)的身體低能量、營養(yǎng)不良又會導(dǎo)致抑郁和焦慮。
Often, their obsession with food will stop them socialising with friends, as social event revolve around drinking and eating.
他們對食物的執(zhí)著還會影響社交，因?yàn)榫蹠龊峡偯獠涣顺猿院群取?/p>
你有“完美食欲癥”嗎?做個小測驗(yàn)吧!
Do you spend more than 3 hours a day thinking about your diet?
每天花3小時規(guī)劃飲食?
Do you plan your meals several days ahead?
提前幾天列食譜?
Is the nutritional value of your meal more important than the pleasure of eating it?
膳食的營養(yǎng)價值比吃東西帶來的愉悅更重要?
Has the quality of your life decreased as the quality of your diet has increased?
隨著飲食質(zhì)量的提升，感到生活質(zhì)量下降?
Have you become stricter with yourself lately?
最近對自己更嚴(yán)格?
Does your self-esteem get a boost from eating healthily?
吃得健康會提升自尊?
Have you given up foods you used to enjoy in order to eat the 'right' foods
為了吃健康食品，放棄了你曾喜歡吃的食品?
Does your diet make it difficult for you to eat out, distancing you from family and friends? 因?yàn)槌越】凳称?，無法外出就餐，疏遠(yuǎn)了親友?
Do you feel guilty when you stray from your diet?
沒吃健康食品時有罪惡感?
Do you feel at peace with yourself and in total control when you eat healthily?
吃得健康能使自己情緒穩(wěn)定，掌控有方?
測試結(jié)果：
Yes to 4 or 5 of the above questions means it is time to relax more about food.
4-5個問題回答“是”：該在飲食上放松放松了。
Yes to all of them means a full-blown obsession with eating healthy food.
全部回答“是”：徹底的“完美食欲癥”!