托福備考：托福閱讀備考重點有哪些
托福備考中要抓住備考的重點才能讓備考的過程更加高效，今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x備考重點有哪些，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
托福備考：托福閱讀備考重點有哪些?
一.托福閱讀備考基礎(chǔ)：單詞
雖然我們一直在強調(diào)單詞不是最重要的，但是沒有單詞是萬萬不能的，對于單詞的積累不是彈指間能完成的，而在記憶單詞的時候也有無數(shù)種方法可以借鑒，
比如：記憶曲線記憶法：按照詞匯書上的分類，每天一個pst，每天要做到及時復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)人的記憶曲線來講，最初記憶過的單詞要在最短的時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行不斷的復(fù)習(xí)，才會對其記憶深刻。
詞根詞綴記憶法：這個方法大家在查字典的時候也可以注意一下，詞根多來自于拉丁文等，此法有助于對首次遇到的生詞進(jìn)行拆分，猜測詞意。
總而言之，記憶單詞是學(xué)習(xí)一種語言最基礎(chǔ)有用的方法，對于考試取得高分尤其如此，我們在學(xué)習(xí)過程中不能一味的復(fù)制別人的方法，要學(xué)會思考，找到屬于自己的方法，一切皆可戰(zhàn)勝!
二.速度為王，加強泛讀練習(xí)
所謂泛讀能力是指得在短時間以內(nèi)對一篇文章內(nèi)容迅速把握。在對文章段落主旨句的閱讀中，我們需要讀的內(nèi)容約有8-15句話左右，在3-4分鐘以內(nèi)完成對這些句子的閱讀并總結(jié)文章大綱，就要求我們對于托福句子式結(jié)構(gòu)熟識于心。而托福閱讀中，句子長，成份雜一直以來都是大家在閱讀上遇到的最大障礙之一。解決這個問題的方法，可以采用泛讀技巧中的主句閱讀方式，即對讀到的每個句子進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析，找出主句，再補充其它成份的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。
當(dāng)我們對段內(nèi)句子的主要意思，講述對象，及講述方向有所了解之后，后期解題過程中使用到的答案定位(或關(guān)鍵詞定位)便可以達(dá)到快，準(zhǔn)，穩(wěn)的效果。
把握住了文章主旨就得到了文章的寫作方向與目的，輔以段落間的關(guān)系，會使得解題過程輕松無比。
三.文章主旨重點把握
首先，新托福的每一篇文章都附加了標(biāo)題，可以通過對文章標(biāo)題格式，內(nèi)容，可能應(yīng)用的文章書寫格式三個方面對文章整體進(jìn)行把握。
其次，每篇文章的長度由原來的300-400增長到了現(xiàn)有的700字左右，且段落由原有的2-4段增長到現(xiàn)有的5-10段，那么對于文章主旨的把握能力就顯得無比重要。而要做到在短短的3-4分鐘以內(nèi)完成這件事情，就要求我們對段落結(jié)構(gòu)，段落大意，以及段間結(jié)構(gòu)即文章大綱的把握做到精準(zhǔn)的程度。
四.文章結(jié)構(gòu)重點把握
文章寫作過程中，為了清楚的表達(dá)中心思想，會采用不同的段落結(jié)構(gòu)，而結(jié)構(gòu)的選取與文章類型及內(nèi)容無關(guān)，僅是選取一種最為清晰的表達(dá)方式。段落內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)從大體上來講可以分為總---分---(總)的分點并列結(jié)構(gòu)，或者總---分的觀點遞進(jìn)闡述結(jié)構(gòu)。相對來講前者更賦邏輯性，而后者因其邏輯性較差而導(dǎo)致在閱讀過程中難度系數(shù)相對較大。當(dāng)大家對段落內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的分析日漸成熟的時候，便可以對段落主旨大意總結(jié)的駕馭做到輕車熟路，進(jìn)而節(jié)約閱讀時間。
托福閱讀：句子簡化練習(xí)題
Although we now tend to refer to the various crafts according to the materials used to construct them—clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal—it was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the “applied arts.” Approaching crafts from the point of view of function, we can divide them into simple categories: containers, shelters, and supports. There is no way around the fact that containers, shelters, and supports must be functional. The applied arts are thus bound by the laws of physics, which pertain to both the materials used in their making and the substances and things to be contained, supported, and sheltered. These laws are universal in their application, regardless of cultural beliefs, geography, or climate. If a pot has no bottom or has large openings in its sides, it could hardly be considered a container in any traditional sense. Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits. Buildings without roofs, for example, are unusual because they depart from the norm. However, not all functional objects are exactly alike; that is why we recognize a Shang Dynasty vase as being different from an Inca vase. What varies is not the basic form but the incidental details that do not obstruct the object’s primary function . . .
The tested sentence is highlighted in the passage.
Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Functional applied-art objects cannot vary much from the basic patterns determined by the laws of physics.
B. The function of applied-art objects is determined by basic patterns in the laws of physics.
C. Since functional applied-art objects vary only within certain limits, arbitrary decisions cannot have determined their general form.
D. The general form of applied-art objects is limited by some arbitrary decision that is not determined by the laws of physics.
托福閱讀：指代關(guān)系題的訓(xùn)練
例題1：
Passage: “…These laws are universal in their application, regardless of cultural beliefs, geography, or climate. If pots have no bottoms or have large openings in their sides, they could hardly be considered containers in any traditional sense. Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits…”
The word they in the passage refers to
A. applied-art objects
B. the laws of physics
C. containers
D. the sides of pots
正確答案是A。
例題2：
Passage：“…The first weekly newspaper in the colonies was the Boston Gazette,established in 1719, the same year that marked the appearance of Philadelphia’s first newspaper, the American Mercury, where the young Benjamin Franklin worked. By 1760 Boston had 4 newspapers and 5 other printing establishments; Philadelphia, 2 newspapers and 3 other presses; and New York, 3 newspapers. The distribution, if not the sale, of newspapers was assisted by the establishment of a postal service in 1710, which had a network of some 65 offices by 1770, serving all 13 colonies…”
The word which in the passage refers to
A. distribution
B. sale
C. newspaper
D. postal service
正確答案是D。
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