托福閱讀這些訓(xùn)練方法一樣能提升詞匯量分享
托福閱讀備考背單詞不愛(ài)看詞匯書(shū)?這些訓(xùn)練方法一樣能提升詞匯量，今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了托福閱讀備考背單詞不愛(ài)看詞匯書(shū) ，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
托福閱讀備考背單詞不愛(ài)看詞匯書(shū)?這些訓(xùn)練方法一樣能提升詞匯量
托福背單詞刷詞匯書(shū)并非唯一選擇
托福詞匯量的提升不能只依賴背單詞書(shū)這樣死板的方法，考生平時(shí)的積累也很重要。這種積累的途徑涵蓋了我們從最初學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)到現(xiàn)在讀過(guò)的英語(yǔ)文章、做過(guò)的閱讀和聽(tīng)力，以及各種雜志、報(bào)刊、電影電視劇等方式接觸到的單詞。這部分詞匯有日常生活類、政經(jīng)類、影視娛樂(lè)類等等，當(dāng)然也包括托?？荚囎钚枰囊恍┳匀?、社會(huì)、科技等學(xué)術(shù)類詞匯。
需要我們牢記于心的一點(diǎn)是，英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)，尤其是詞匯，是一個(gè)持續(xù)的過(guò)程，不會(huì)因?yàn)槟骋淮慰荚嚩蝗婚_(kāi)始或者結(jié)束。那么如何有效地積累詞匯呢?
1. 首先要選自己感興趣的詞匯資料
主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)比被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)更能提高效率且印象更深，這一點(diǎn)相信大家都深有體會(huì)?？晒┻x擇的學(xué)習(xí)材料包括英文視頻、有聲讀物和各類文本。
1.1 視頻可以是紀(jì)錄片、電影、演講等形式，尤其是紀(jì)錄片，涉及的題材十分廣泛，能夠補(bǔ)充大量學(xué)科詞匯，對(duì)托福的學(xué)習(xí)有很大幫助。
1.2 有聲讀物則非常考驗(yàn)一個(gè)人的聽(tīng)力水平和綜合能力，如果聽(tīng)不懂，就不用談積累詞匯了。所以這種方法并不適合初學(xué)者。初學(xué)者如果覺(jué)得難，應(yīng)結(jié)合文本聽(tīng)材料，不能囫圇吞棗。
1.3 前兩種學(xué)習(xí)材料如果合理使用，最終還是要“文本”的形態(tài)，除此之外，文本還包括各類外刊、雜志、名著、翻譯作品等，在選擇上根據(jù)各人的興趣，也是因人而異的。
2. 背單詞除了動(dòng)嘴更要?jiǎng)庸P
有些同學(xué)會(huì)習(xí)慣性地把手頭的材料看過(guò)一次就擱置一邊，這樣貌似學(xué)到了新知識(shí)，但事實(shí)上如果不做記錄和整理，很快就會(huì)遺忘的。所以養(yǎng)成隨時(shí)記錄、定期整理的習(xí)慣也是十分重要的。最簡(jiǎn)單的方法是準(zhǔn)備一本可隨身攜帶的小本子，或者電腦常在手邊的話也可以直接建立專門(mén)的excel文檔，總之能隨時(shí)找得到即可。
3. 托福背單詞需要聯(lián)想記憶
我們要積累的詞匯不一定全都是以前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的生詞。托福閱讀詞匯題中?？嫉木陀幸辉~多義單詞的某一個(gè)釋義，所以我們要積累的，也可能是你知道了意思但卻不知道它具象/抽象用法的詞匯，因而有必要再著重記憶一下。
比如，undermine這個(gè)詞，我們知道它有“削弱”(weaken sth./sb. gradually or insidiously)和破壞的意思，也常會(huì)在文本中見(jiàn)到這種意思之下的例句，如：But we must recognize that an escalating nuclear arms race in this region would undermine decades of growth and prosperity.但是有一天我們看到了這樣一句句子：Badgers had undermined the foundations of the church.這時(shí)我們可能就會(huì)恍然大悟——原來(lái)undermine原本的意思是“挖洞”(make a hollow or tunnel beneath sth.)，那么這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們就可以著重積累一下undermine的這一含義。
托福閱讀真題原題+題目
The term art deco has come to encompass three distinct but related design trends of the 1920's and 1930's. The first was what is frequently referred to as zigzag moderne — the exotically ornamental style of such skyscrapers as the Chrysler Building in New York City and related structures such as the Paramount Theater in Oakland, California. The word zigzag alludes to the geometric and stylized ornamentation of zigzags, angular patterns, abstracted plant and animal motifs, sunbursts, astrological imagery, formalized fountains, and related themes that were applied in mosaic relief, and mural form to the exterior and interior of the buildings. Many of these buildings were shaped in the ziggurat form, a design resembling an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower that recedes in progressively smaller stages to the summit, creating a staircase-like effect. The second manifestation of art deco was the 1930's streamlined moderne style — a Futuristic-looking aerodynamic style of rounded corners and horizontal bands known as speed stripes. In architecture, these elements were frequently accompanied by round windows, extensive use of glass block, and flat rooftops.
The third style, referred to as either international stripped classicism, or simply classical moderne, also came to the forefront during the Depression, a period of severe economic difficult in the 1930's. This was a more conservative style, blending a simplified modernistic style with a more austere form of geometric and stylized relief sculpture and other ornament, including interior murals. Many buildings in this style were erected nationwide through government programs during the Depression.
Although art deco in its many forms was largely perceived as thoroughly modern, it was strongly influenced by the decorative arts movements that immediately preceded it. For example, like art nouveau (1890-1910), art deco also used plant motifs, but regularized the forms into abstracted repetitive patterns rather than presenting them as flowing, asymmetrical foliage, like the Viennese craftspeople of the Wiener Werkstatte, art deco designers worked with exotic materials, geometricized shapes, and colorfully ornate patterns. Furthermore, like the artisans of the Arts and Crafts Movement in England and the United States, art deco practitioners considered it their mission to transform the domestic environment through well-designed furniture and household accessories.
1. What aspect of art deco does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The influence of art deco on the design of furniture and household accessories
(B) Ways in which government programs encouraged the development of art deco
(C) Architectural manifestations of art deco during the 1920's and 1930's
(D) Reasons for the popularity of art deco in New York and California
2. The word encompass in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) separate
(B) include
(C) replace
(D) enhance
3. The phrase The first in line 2 refers to
(A) the term art deco
(B) design trends
(C) the 1920's and 1930's
(D) skyscrapers
4. In line 9, the author mentions an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower in order to
(A) describe the exterior shape of certain art deco buildings
(B) explain the differences between ancient and modern architectural steles
(C) emphasize the extent of architectural advances
(D) argue for a return to more traditional architectural design
5. The streamlined moderne style is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
(A) animal motifs
(B) flat roofs
(C) round windows
(D) speed stripes
6. The phrase came to the forefront in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) grew in complexity
(B) went through a process
(C) changed its approach
(D) became important
7. According to the passage , which of the following statements most accurately describes the
relationship between art deco and art nouveau?
(A) They were art forms that competed with each other for government support during the
Depression era.
(B) They were essentially the same art form.
(C) Art nouveau preceded art deco and influenced it.
(D) Art deco became important in the United States while art nouveau became popular in
England.
8. According to the passage , a building having an especially ornate appearance would most
probably have been designed in the style of
(A) zigzag moderne
(B) streamlined moderne
(C) classical moderne
(D) the Arts and Crafts Movement
9. According to the passage , which of the following design trends is known by more than one
name?
(A) Zigzag moderne
(B) Streamlined moderne
(C) International stripped classicism
(D) Arts and Crafts Movement
10. The passage is primarily developed as
(A) the historical chronology of a movement
(B) a description of specific buildings that became famous for their unusual beauty
(C) an analysis of various trends within an artistic movement
(D) an argument of the advantages of one artistic form over another
PASSAGE 91 CBBAA DCACC
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