GRE填空如何用反義詞解題

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GRE填空解題用好反義詞有奇效 實(shí)用答題思路實(shí)例解析,一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下吧,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

GRE填空解題用好反義詞有奇效 實(shí)用答題思路實(shí)例解析

在GRE填空中,經(jīng)常會有需要考生運(yùn)用反義詞來解題的情況出現(xiàn),這就要求大家需要具備對反義詞解題技巧的掌握。許多難度較高的填空題,只要考生能夠掌握好反義詞,應(yīng)對起來就會輕松很多。

GRE填空如何用反義詞解題?

GRE填空中有些題目需要用到反義詞解題,這些題目的的句子常有一些標(biāo)志性的詞語,一旦確定了是屬翻譯關(guān)系,那么句子的邏輯關(guān)系就有了轉(zhuǎn)折,能夠很容易地知道所填空格處一定與原句中的某個(gè)詞語是相反的關(guān)系。所以,判斷出句子是反義詞關(guān)系后,找出原句中的關(guān)鍵詞語成為解題的突破口。反義詞關(guān)系的句子很多,凡是出現(xiàn)帶有轉(zhuǎn)折逆轉(zhuǎn)含義的題目,則代入空格的正確選項(xiàng)必與中心線索構(gòu)成語義對立的反義詞關(guān)系。

GRE填空常見反義解題線索匯總

以下常見用詞能夠幫助考生快速地判斷出句子是否具有反義詞:

but, yet, however, nevertheless, although, (even) though, while, whereas, notwithstanding, despite, in spite of, in contrast (to), on the contrary, on the other hand, whatever, otherwise, ironically, paradoxically, curiously, surprisingly.

GRE填空反義解題實(shí)例講解

例子1:

In spite of the increasing _______ of their opinions, the group knew they had to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented.

A. impartiality

B. consistency

C. judiciousness

D. incisiveness

E. polarity

分析:

首先,先要弄清選項(xiàng)中單詞的意思。

A impartiality, “不偏不倚, 公正,公平”

B consistency “一致性, 連貫性”

C judiciousness “明智”

D incisiveness “深刻,激烈”

E polarity “極端”

其次,我們知道句子中出現(xiàn)了in spite of,這就表明空格處所填的應(yīng)該與后半句話中的一個(gè)信息詞語意思相反。那么,我們要先把后半句話的意思弄明白了,the group knew they had to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented 即“這個(gè)團(tuán)體知道他們不得不達(dá)成一致意見以便作出決定”。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是意見的一致這也正與前半句中的their opinions相對應(yīng)。所以,空格處就應(yīng)該與arrive at a consensus的意思相反。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中單詞的意思,只有E選項(xiàng)最符合題意。正確選項(xiàng)是E。

翻譯:

“盡管他們觀念的不斷分化,這個(gè)團(tuán)體知道他們不得不達(dá)成一致意見以便作出決定?!?/p>

例子2:

Though his contemporaries tended to fixate on the politician's supposed _______,his personal correspondence _______ a surprising largesse.

A. Charity. . Confirms

B. Parsimony. . Contradicts

C. Avarice. . Betrays

D. Integrity. . Reveals

E. Generosity. . Bespeaks

分析:

關(guān)鍵詞though, largesse.

Though 表示轉(zhuǎn)折,largesse的意思是 “慷慨”,那就說明第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該與largesse是相反的意思,這樣就先排除了ADE三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。而第二個(gè)空應(yīng)該填一個(gè)有“揭示”意思的詞,所以,betray比較合適,所以,正確答案應(yīng)選C.

翻譯:

“盡管時(shí)人傾向于這個(gè)政客被假想的貪財(cái),他的個(gè)人通信揭示了他令人吃驚的慷慨

GRE填空快速解題的思路

舉個(gè)破解GRE填空題的例子:

原題:

Because medieval women's public participation in spiritual life was not welcomed by the male establishment, a compensating religious writings, inoffensive to the members of the establishment because of its , became important for many women.

A) involvement with… privacy

B) attention to… popularity

C) familiarity with… scarcity

D) dissatisfaction with… profundity

E) resistance to… domesticity

我們先把這個(gè)句子剝離一下.

主干:

a ...religious writings became important for many women.

實(shí)際上說的很簡單,但是,只看著一句暫時(shí)分析不出選出什么。于是作者開始添加其他句子成分,來給出線索。Because提示原因。public participation不被welcome,那么,一個(gè)compensating 的participation就應(yīng)該很重要。作者提供了一個(gè)因果關(guān)系,線索直接指向第一個(gè)空格。后者必然是前者的原因,而且第一個(gè)空逗號后面是 participation的同位語也就是同義的,我們就找一個(gè)participation的近義詞。許多時(shí)候,像本題一樣,這個(gè)句子中給出了充分多的解題線索,我們可以唯一的找到了A選項(xiàng)。

這里我們看出來,這個(gè)題目代表了ETS出新GRE填空題的一個(gè)常見思維定勢,除去主干之外的其他部分,全部是為主干提供限定解釋的,所以這些限定解釋,就提供了主干中間空格的線索,同時(shí),其他地方的空格,也可以由相關(guān)的成分提供的線索解決掉。我們馬上能夠看出來,所有的空格,出題人都在千方百計(jì)的給我們提供線索,有的時(shí)候可能還會提供冗余信息給我們。我們所要做的,就是找到這些出題人在這些原來的句子上人為加上的線索,來破解出題人的意圖。

GRE填空學(xué)會判斷句子關(guān)系和語氣

一.GRE填空答題過程中如何判斷句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系

GRE填空考察的就是整體邏輯語言的能力,考生的任務(wù)就是找出句子成分間的邏輯關(guān)系,并選擇一個(gè)合理且必然的選項(xiàng)。

句子成分間的邏輯關(guān)系對解題起著至關(guān)重要的作用,它們常常由一些明顯的關(guān)鍵詞提示。

最重要的幾種邏輯關(guān)系:

因果關(guān)系:because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, hence, given, so…that, so…as to, when…then, as long as, in order to……

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:albeit, but, although, despite, however, in spite of, nevertheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even though, even if, yet……

對比關(guān)系:in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly……另外還有時(shí)間的不同體現(xiàn)相反的關(guān)系等等

填空題的句子常出現(xiàn)陌生的專業(yè)術(shù)語,晦澀的思想觀點(diǎn)等,但對解題并不構(gòu)成真正的障礙。因?yàn)轭}目本身往往提供了足夠的內(nèi)容的重復(fù)線索幫助你找到正確的答案。

e.g.

Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world _____ of _____.

A. bereft theatricality

B. composed adversity

C. full circumstantiality

D. deprived polarity

E. devoid neutrality

題目的主干要我們填Melodramas提供給觀眾一個(gè)怎樣的世界,同時(shí)又告訴我們它們表現(xiàn)了無辜與罪惡,美德與墮落之間的刻板對立,所以我們不需要知道Melodramas是什么東東就可以判斷它們提供給觀眾的是一個(gè)刻板對立的世界,五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有E選項(xiàng)“全無中立的世界”表達(dá)了這個(gè)意思。

The new biological psychiatry does not deny the contributing role of psychological factors in mental illnesses, but posits that these factors may act as a catalyst on existing physiological conditions and _____ such illnesses.

A. disguise B. impede C. constrain D. precipitate E. consummate

這道題粗看起來內(nèi)容十分專業(yè),空格要求填factors 對such illnesses 有什么樣的動作。其實(shí)句子中有一個(gè)明確的重復(fù)線索,factors 起到了一個(gè)催化劑的作用,所以空格中填入一個(gè)表達(dá)催化意思的詞語,就一定是正確選項(xiàng)。表示催化的感覺的詞只有D項(xiàng):precipitate

二.GRE填空答題過程中如何判斷語氣和感情色彩

有時(shí),通過正常的閱讀去理解句子比較難且費(fèi)時(shí)間。但是用感情色彩去判斷,處理起來就變得比較方便。

e.g.

Johnson never _____ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if _____ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.

A. designed tacit

B. attempted halfhearted

C. intended direct

D. scrupled literal

E. wished feigned

句子的意思比較令人費(fèi)解,但是從句末whatever the effects on his subordinates(不管對他的下級產(chǎn)生怎樣的影響)看,我們知道Johnson做的是一件不好的事情。

從第一個(gè)空格看,五個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有D的scrupled填入表達(dá)這樣的意思。

判斷邏輯關(guān)系,尋找重復(fù)關(guān)系,判斷語氣及感情色彩這幾步熟練的結(jié)合運(yùn)用,幾乎能解決所有的填空問題。

GRE填空句子分析題技巧

GRE填空答題如何分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),分隔與粘連是主要的重復(fù)信息的方式

A.分隔:句子中對主干進(jìn)行修飾或補(bǔ)充的成分

定語從句:that 同位語:that who “,” 插入語:“,”分詞結(jié)構(gòu):分詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu):to 介詞短語:介詞

B.粘連:由分號或冒號分開的上下句結(jié)構(gòu)(大粘連)和一個(gè)句子內(nèi)部的直接簡單重復(fù)(小粘連);大粘連:直接同義重復(fù):并列、因果關(guān)系詞

雙重否定與肯定句重復(fù):(1)A;not 非A (2)A;It’s wrong/foolish/presumptuous to say 非A

主動句與被動句重復(fù):is the result of is the outgrowth of is the product of A?B;B?by A

逆否命題重復(fù):A?B;非B?非 A(無被動句標(biāo)志詞)

比較句重復(fù):to the same degree/extent as...as more/less -er better than

手段目的句重復(fù):by for in terms of

特殊并列句重復(fù):包含兩個(gè)并列關(guān)系從句的句式

時(shí)間對比句重復(fù):once formerly initial pristine erstwhile hereto hitherto now future before recent begin start create until no longer previous

比喻句重復(fù):like as

小粘連:and but rather than even as...as so...as to...

判斷句子邏輯關(guān)系:找出信號詞,判斷句子的并列、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系和正(+)、反(—)態(tài)度關(guān)系

A.并列關(guān)系:并列遞進(jìn)條件因果分號、冒號、破折號

并列:and also or just as similarly correspondingly in the same way indeed accordingly

遞進(jìn):even

因果:derive from lead to due to because cause since for therefore thus hence in that so...that so...as to as a result result in result from accordingly consequently give rise to

B.讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折:even though although even...though while whereas but yet however nevertheless notwithstanding despite in spite of in contrast to on the contrary on the other hand far from rather than whatever otherwise ironically illogically paradoxically curiously surprisingly unfortunately although..., remain/continue(兩次轉(zhuǎn)折,—+ —)

分號

C.的正、反態(tài)度:態(tài)度語氣詞;在沒有中心詞時(shí),特別要注意靠空格的正、反態(tài)度來解題

D.強(qiáng)烈對比:時(shí)間強(qiáng)對比人物強(qiáng)對比對象強(qiáng)對比(句子敘述對象的轉(zhuǎn)移)

E.照應(yīng):人稱代詞:it 指示代詞:such this that those these 定冠詞:the

F.主體詞:主體動詞:continue remain shift from...to oscillate between...and turn...into reconcile...and...人物身份名詞特征人物的特征性質(zhì)或特征動作。

定位中心詞:定位與空格對應(yīng)的詞匯或短語;無中心詞時(shí)一般要根據(jù)句子邏輯關(guān)系兩空格同時(shí)做,兩空格相隔很近時(shí)一般也要同時(shí)做。

解題:以上三步是做題的關(guān)鍵,體現(xiàn)了解題的思路流程,但并不是每題都必須完成這三步才能解題,這三步分別強(qiáng)調(diào)了解題的不同方面和角度,一般用兩步或三步即可解題。

四種錯(cuò)誤原因:

A.邏輯關(guān)系弄反

B.因?yàn)榫渥訌?fù)雜或含義晦澀,找不到中心詞

C.沒有中心詞

D.選項(xiàng)中的詞義理解不到位

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GRE填空如何用反義詞解題

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