美國歷屆總統(tǒng)簡介：第7任總統(tǒng)安德魯杰克遜

美國歷屆總統(tǒng)簡介：第7任總統(tǒng)安德魯杰克遜

Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States. He was born in a backwoods settlement in the Carolinas in 1767. His Irish-Scottish parents had immigrated to the USA from Ireland two years earlier. He was the youngest of three brothers but his father died three weeks before Jackson was born. He grew up in a very remote area of the Virginian countryside.

安德魯·杰克遜是美國第7任總統(tǒng)。1767年，他出生在北卡羅來納和南卡羅來納交界地的一個(gè)邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)。他的父母是愛爾蘭裔蘇格拉人，于1765年之前移民到美國。杰克遜是三兄弟中最小的一個(gè)，在他出生前的第三個(gè)星期，他父親便去世了。他成長在維吉尼亞州的一個(gè)邊遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)村里。

At the age of 13 he joined the American Revolution as a courier. He was the last U.S. President to have fought in the Revolution. He was captured by the British and nearly starved to death. His mother died from Cholera in 1781, leaving Andrew an orphan at the age of 14. He began to study law in his late teens and became an outstanding young lawyer in Tennessee.

13歲時(shí)，杰克遜加入了美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭，并擔(dān)任通信員。他是最后一位參加過美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭的美國總統(tǒng)。他曾被英國俘虜，并差點(diǎn)被餓死。1781年，安德魯?shù)哪赣H死于霍亂，14歲的他成了孤兒。在他十八九歲時(shí)，他開始學(xué)習(xí)法律，并成為了田納西州一名杰出的年輕律師。

Jackson prospered sufficiently to buy slaves and to build a mansion near Nashville. He was the first man elected from Tennessee to the House of Representatives, and he served briefly in the Senate. He was a major general in the War of 1812 and became a national hero when he defeated the British at New Orleans. This paved his way to political success and eventually the Presidency in 1829.

當(dāng)時(shí)，杰克遜很富有，他買了奴隸，并在納什維爾附近建了一棟豪宅。他是田納西州第一位被推選為的美國眾議院議員的人，他還曾在美國參議院擔(dān)任過短暫的職務(wù)。他是美國1812年戰(zhàn)爭的重要將領(lǐng)，曾在新奧爾良打敗英國，并因此成為美國的民族英雄。這種.種都為他的政治生涯鋪平了道路，并使他最終于1829年當(dāng)選為美國總統(tǒng)。

Jackson served two terms as President, from 1829 to 1837. He supported the idea of a small federal government with a powerful President. He was a leading advocate of removing Native Americans from the east of the country and his policy eradicated many tribes. He also supported slavery. In 1835, Jackson survived an assassination attempt. He died of tuberculosis and heart failure in 1845, aged 78.

1829年至1837年，杰克遜連續(xù)擔(dān)任了兩屆美國總統(tǒng)職務(wù)。他支持“總統(tǒng)集權(quán)的聯(lián)邦制國家”。他是搬遷美國東部印第安人的主要倡導(dǎo)者，該“搬遷政策”根除了許多印第安部落。他還支持奴隸制。1835年，杰克遜遭到刺殺，并幸免于難。1845年，杰克遜死于肺結(jié)核及心力衰竭，享年78歲。