雅思閱讀真題應(yīng)該如何使用
你真的知道雅思閱讀真題如何使用嗎?劍雅真題不只是刷題利器，深度使用還能作為雅思閱讀，口語和寫作的提分利器，一起來了解一下雅思閱讀真題的正確使用方法吧。
雅思閱讀真題 應(yīng)該如何使用?
雅思閱讀備考初期，雅思閱讀單項訓(xùn)練
劍雅真題的出版順序是根據(jù)時間來安排的，換言之劍橋12的題目和文章來源距離現(xiàn)在更近。早期，大多數(shù)烤鴨在課程培訓(xùn)期接受的也是單項題型技巧的講解。這時候如果按照單項題型進(jìn)行有針對性，有密度的真題練習(xí)，可以很好的鞏固課堂所學(xué)內(nèi)容。此時不宜做套題訓(xùn)練，因為在對整個雅思閱讀題型體系不完全了解的情況下做套題，很可能混淆題型和相應(yīng)的技巧，也會造成有限的真題資源的浪費。
單項題型練習(xí)時，須注意學(xué)會探究和總結(jié)，千萬不可將目光局限于正確率。答案的正確與否雖然從一定程度上可以表明對知識點的掌握，但從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)更有利于從本質(zhì)上提高。每種題型的考點都不一樣。
比如summary(歸納摘要)，更注重考查的是對空格上所填單詞的預(yù)測判斷，所以在練習(xí)后，更多的是總結(jié)?？嫉恼Z法點，固定搭配。比如：劍橋5“Johnson’s Dictionary”的summary題中一個空格：a number of___, who… 空格上填寫的應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，而且表示人，在找尋答案時，我們會更關(guān)注-s/-es為結(jié)尾的詞，且和人有關(guān)。再如：劍橋6“The Climate Change and The Inuit” summary題中第一空：engage in___這里考察的是一個固定搭配“engage in doing sth. ”忙于從事某事。如果知道這個固定搭配，答案很快就會鎖定在有動詞ing形式的單詞上。
而Matching題中的細(xì)節(jié)配對題考查的主要是對近義詞的熟練把握和對不同文體的文章結(jié)構(gòu)的了解。比如劍橋4 “Obtaining Linguistic Data”中的一道細(xì)節(jié)配對，“how the informant can be helped to be less self-conscious”，同義替換的意識可以總結(jié)出來，less是little的比較級，表示否定，去原文找表示否定含義的詞;conscious的高頻替換對象是aware, 這樣找答案時目標(biāo)就更加明確了。所以，在做任何其他題型的時候都注意題目和原文的近義詞累積會有助于細(xì)節(jié)配對題的做題效率。
另外如果對說明文，議論文，實驗報告類文章的結(jié)構(gòu)非常熟悉，也有利于配對題預(yù)測答案所在段落，也就是說除了總結(jié)題型之外，總結(jié)文章的寫作模式也很重要。是非無判斷題，在做題后，需多多總結(jié)歸類判斷題的考點：比如在整個劍橋系列真題中?？疾毂容^級，最高級，數(shù)字(時間)等。
但大家在做單項練習(xí)時，應(yīng)適當(dāng)留出一些完整的套題供后期使用。建議單項練習(xí)用劍橋4-8
雅思閱讀備考復(fù)習(xí)沖刺階段，雅思閱讀套題訓(xùn)練
在完全掌握了雅思閱讀的各項題型技巧后，需要用套題來拉近和考試的聯(lián)系。因為在單項題型練習(xí)時，很多學(xué)生的正確率很不錯，但到了各項題型雜糅在一起，做套題訓(xùn)練時，水準(zhǔn)就會有明顯下降。這是因為：
a. 很多同學(xué)無法選擇合理的做題順序，導(dǎo)致易得分的題目沒有時間做，難題花了大把的時間也并沒有有助于正確率。經(jīng)過套題練習(xí)，主要是能夠快速反應(yīng)不同的題型配備，用不同的先后做題順序。
b. 每項題型的技巧都不相同，是否有順序原則也各異，快速的反應(yīng)并在各種題型之間轉(zhuǎn)換會給考生造成一定的困難，所以前期對各項題型技巧的完備掌握甚是重要。在做套題時一定要有時間的控制，每篇文章不超過20min,這樣才更能模擬考試現(xiàn)場。
雅思閱讀真題精讀訓(xùn)練
眾所周知，劍橋雅思真題的文章和歷年考過的話題在實際考試中會出現(xiàn)重復(fù)的可能性，即所謂舊文章，比如，曾經(jīng)在考試中出現(xiàn)的“New Ice Age”就和我們劍橋真題8的“The Little Ice Age”幾乎一樣。如果之前對該話題有所涉及或?qū)ξ恼伦鲞^精讀，考試時自然對這篇的理解和做題駕輕就熟。精讀文章的目的一來是了解話題的背景知識，再者可以累積話題的高頻詞匯，遇到同話題文章，生詞問題迎刃而解。比如劍橋4的第一篇關(guān)于“rainforest”的文章和劍橋 7“deforestation”一文，在結(jié)構(gòu)(平行結(jié)構(gòu))和高頻詞上就有很多雷同之處。此外，從根本上提高閱讀能力的途徑是精讀文章，只有這樣才能鍛煉處長難句的能力。當(dāng)然，不是每篇文章都有精讀的價值，比如劍橋5上“Bakelite”一文話題過于專業(yè)，和其他話題的文章融合度小，就無需精讀。一些在機(jī)經(jīng)中常出現(xiàn)的話題則是我們選取精讀文章的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比如環(huán)境類，教育類，文化類。
利用劍雅閱讀真題做口語、寫作的觀點來源
口語，寫作考試中常常出現(xiàn)考生對話題不熟或緊張無法給出好觀點的情況，這時候，閱讀真題中的一些好文章正好成為了觀點供應(yīng)商。比如：劍橋5的“The impact of Wilderness Tourism”就是一篇很好的環(huán)境類文章的參照。
作為廣大雅思考神的權(quán)威備考復(fù)習(xí)材料，合理有效的使用會起到事半功倍的效果。在不同的復(fù)習(xí)階段，希望考生能夠充分利用好這本雅思真題，吃透它。
雅思考試閱讀模擬題
Felicity Lawrence
Thursday December 28, 2006
The Guardian
1. Consumers are to be presented with two rival new year advertising campaigns as the Food Standards Agency goes public in its battle with the industry over the labelling of unhealthy foods.
2. The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red, amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs, which is designed to tackle Britain’s obesity epidemic.
3. The campaign is a direct response to a concerted attempt by leading food manufacturers and retailers, including Kellogg’s and Tesco, to derail the system. The industry fears that traffic lights would demonise entire categories of foods and could seriously damage the market for those that are fatty, salty or high in sugar.
4. The UK market for breakfast cereals is worth ￡1.27bn a year and the manufacturers fear it will be severely dented if red light labels are put on packaging drawing attention to the fact that the majority are high in salt and/or sugar.
5. The industry is planning a major marketing campaign for a competing labelling system which avoids colour-coding in favour of information about the percentage of "guideline daily amounts" (GDAs) of fat, salt and sugar contained in their products.
6. The battle for the nation’s diet comes as new rules on television advertising come into force in January which will bar adverts for unhealthy foods from commercial breaks during programmes aimed at children. Sources at the TV regulators are braced for a legal challenge from the industry and have described the lobbying efforts to block any new ad ban or colour-coded labelling as "the most ferocious we’ve ever experienced".
7. Ofcom’s chief executive, Ed Richards, said: "We are prepared to face up to any legal action from the industry, but we very much hope it will not be necessary." The FSA said it was expecting an onslaught from the industry in January. Senior FSA officials said the manufacturers’ efforts to undermine its proposals on labelling could threaten the agency’s credibility.
8. Terrence Collis, FSA director of communications, dismissed claims that the proposals were not based on science. "We have some of the most respected scientists in Europe, both within the FSA and in our independent advisory committees. It is unjustified and nonsensical to attack the FSA’s scientific reputation and to try to undermine its credibility."
9. The FSA is understood to have briefed its ad agency, United, before Christmas, and will aim to air ads that are "non-confrontational, humorous and factual" as a counterweight to industry’s efforts about the same time. The agency, however, will have a tiny fraction of the budget available to the industry.
10. Gavin Neath, chairman of Unilever UK and president of the Food and Drink Federation, has said that the industry has made enormous progress but could not accept red "stop" signs on its food.
11. Alastair Sykes, chief executive of Nestlé UK, said that under the FSA proposals all his company’s confectionery and most of its cereals would score a red. "Are we saying people shouldn’t eat confectionery? We’re driven by consumers and what they want, and much of what we do has been to make our products healthier," he said.
12. Chris Wermann, director of communications at Kellogg’s, said: "In principle we could never accept traffic light labelling."
13. The rival labelling scheme introduced by Kellogg’s, Danone, Unilever, Nestlé, Kraft and Tesco and now favoured by 21 manufacturers, uses an industry-devised system based on identifying GDAs of key nutrients. Tesco says it has tested both traffic lights and GDA labels in its stores and that the latter increased sales of healthier foods.
14. But the FSA said it could not live with this GDA system alone because it was "not scientific" or easy for shoppers to understand at a glance.
(626 words)
Questions 1-6
Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
1. When will instructions be given on reading the color-coded labels?
2. Where can customers find the red light labels?
3. What problem is the FSA trying to handle with the labeling system?
4. Which product sells well but may not be healthy?
5. What information, according to the manufacturers, can be labeled on products?
6. What can not be advertised during children’s programmes?
Questions 7-13
Use the information in the text to match the people (listed A-E) with the opinions (listed 7-13) below. Write the appropriate letter (A-E) for questions 1-7.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
A Ed Richard
B Terrence Collis
C Gavin Neath
D Alastair Sykes
E Chris Wermann
7. Generally we will not agree to use the red light labels.
8. It is unreasonable to doubt if FSA is trustworthy.
9. We are trying to meet our consumers’ needs.
10. The food industry has been improving greatly.
11. The color-coded labeling system is scientific.
12. Our products will be labeled unhealthy by the FSA.
13. We are ready to confront the manufacturers.
雅思考試閱讀模擬題答案
Answer keys:
1. 答案：(in) January (見第2段：The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red, amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs, which is designed to tackle Britain’s obesity epidemic.)
2. 答案：food packs/packaging (見第2段：The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red, amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs, which is designed to tackle Britain’s obesity epidemic. 或者在第4段中也提到另一個答案：The UK market for breakfast cereals is worth ￡1.27bn a year and the manufacturers fear it will be severely dented if red light labels are put on packaging drawing attention to the fact that the majority are high in salt and/or sugar.)
3. 答案：(Britain’s) obesity epidemic (見第2段：The Guardian has learned that the FSA will launch a series of 10-second television adverts in January telling shoppers how to follow a red, amber and green traffic light labelling system on the front of food packs, which is designed to tackle Britain’s obesity epidemic.)
4. 答案：(breakfast) cereals (見第4段：The UK market for breakfast cereals is worth ￡1.27bn a year and the manufacturers fear it will be severely dented if red light labels are put on packaging drawing attention to the fact that the majority are high in salt and/or sugar.)
5. 答案：guieline daily amounts/GDAs (見第5段：The industry is planning a major marketing campaign for a competing labelling system which avoids colour-coding in favour of information about the percentage of "guideline daily amounts" (GDAs) of fat, salt and sugar contained in their products.)
6. 答案：unhealthy foods (見第6段第1句：The battle for the nation’s diet comes as new rules on television advertising come into force in January which will bar adverts for unhealthy foods from commercial breaks during programmes aimed at children.)
7. 答案：E (見第12段：Chris Wermann, director of communications at Kellogg’s, said: "In principle we could never accept traffic light labelling." )
8. 答案：B (見第8段最后一句：It is unjustified and nonsensical to attack the FSA’s scientific reputation and to try to undermine its credibility.)
9. 答案：D (見第11段最后1句：We’re driven by consumers and what they want, and much of what we do has been to make our products healthier.)
10. 答案：C (見第10段:Gavin Neath, chairman of Unilever UK and president of the Food and Drink Federation, has said that the industry has made enormous progress but could not accept red "stop" signs on its food.)
11. 答案：B (見第8段：Terrence Collis, FSA director of communications, dismissed claims that the proposals were not based on science. "We have some of the most respected scientists in Europe, both within the FSA and in our independent advisory committees. It is unjustified and nonsensical to attack the FSA’s scientific reputation and to try to undermine its credibility.")
12. 答案：D (見第11段第1句：Alastair Sykes, chief executive of Nestlé UK, said that under the FSA proposals all his company’s confectionery and most of its cereals would score a red.)
13. 答案：A (見第7段第1句：Ofcom’s chief executive, Ed Richards, said: "We are prepared to face up to any legal action from the industry, but we very much hope it will not be necessary.")
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