一分鐘英語如何使用“cost”

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一分鐘英語教你如何使用 “cost”,快來一起學習吧,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

一分鐘英語|如何使用 “cost”

cost 作名詞時意為費用、代價、成本;損失;訴訟費用。作及物動詞:花費、值;使付出、使失去;需(努力)、費(事);costed、costing 估計成本。作不及物動詞:估計成本;需要花費,需要付出高昂代價。主語是物,它后面常接“人+金錢”作賓語:

  The book  cost  me 100 yuan.

   這本書花了我一百元。

 The accident  cost  him his life.

 他為這場事故付出的代價是生命。

  The house  cost  me much money.

  這房子花了我許多錢。

及物動詞用法

1、花費;價格為;值

It must cost a good deal to live here.

住在這里一定要花很多錢的。

2、使付出;使損失,使失去

Care less driving cost him hislife.

開車不小心使他喪了命。

3、需(努力);費(事)

Courtesy costs little and means much.

禮貌不費事,意義卻很大。

4、costed,costing估計…的成本

The work was costed by the engineer at $50,000.

這項工程據(jù)工程師估價為50000美元。

不及物動詞用法

1、估計成本

We want a man who must be able to cost.

我們需要一個能計算成本的人。

2、需要花費,需要付出高昂代價

The furniture in the living room really costs.

起居室里的這套家具真花了不少錢。

常見搭配: the cost of以什么為代價、low cost廉價的、production cost生產(chǎn)成本、cost control成本控制。

cost, spend, 和pay用法總結(jié):花錢怎么說才不出錯

中學英語詞匯是英語的常用詞。熟練掌握中學詞匯,就能流利說英語。

今天我們來學習cost, spend, 和pay的用法

請熟讀例句到會說:

01cost需付費;價錢為;使喪失;使損失(動詞)

It costs $5 a head to eat there.

這里吃飯每人五美元。

The hotel costs £65 per person per night.

酒店每晚每人房價65英鎊。

That house must have cost them a pretty penny.

那房子肯定花了他們不少錢。

How much does it cost to fly to Beijing?

到北京機票多少錢?

cost用法需注意:

(不規(guī)則動詞,過去式和過去分詞為原形)

物做主語:某物cost(某人)多少錢

費用;價錢;成本;努力,代價,損失(名詞)

The cost of living in the cities is soaring.

城市里生活成本在大幅上漲。

He saved his daughter at the cost of his life.

他犧牲自己救出了女兒。

02spend花費,花(錢);花(時間);度過(動詞)

How much money do you spend each month?

你每月花多少錢?

He spent too much money on horse racing.

他花在賽馬上的太多了。

I went to spend a few days at the seaside.

我到海邊呆了幾天。

spend用法注意:

(不規(guī)則動詞,過去式和過去分詞為spent)

人做主語:

Most of his time is spent (in)travelling.

他的時間大多花在旅行上。

(此句被動句)

Spend時間/錢on something

Spend 時間/錢 (in)doing something

03pay付費;付酬;償還(動詞)

How would you like to pay?

您打算怎么付錢?

Children over the age of 12 must pay full fare.

12歲以上兒童須付全票。

He still hasn't paid me the money he owes me.

他還沒有還他欠我的錢。

I paid them 200 yuan for the car's damage.

對車的損失,我賠了他們200元。

pay用法需注意:

(不規(guī)則動詞,過去式和過去分詞為paid)

人做主語:某人pay多少錢(for something為某物)

工資;薪水(名詞)

I can't live on my low pay.

我無法靠這點工資過日子。

He would work overtime, without pay, to finish a job.

他會加班加點不領(lǐng)報酬完成工作。

常用短語:

Pay off

He managed to pay off his debts in two years.

他設(shè)法在兩年內(nèi)還清了債務(wù)。

In the long term, our efforts will pay off.

從長期看,我們的努力是有回報的。

Honesty will pay off.

誠實必有好報。

英語限定詞及分類

■按照限定詞與限定詞的相互搭配關(guān)系,限定詞可分為前位限定詞(pre-determiner)、中位限定詞(central determiner)和后位限定詞(post-determiner)。

■限定詞的相互搭配關(guān)系為:前位+中位+后位

■在這三類限定詞中,前位限定詞與前位限定詞以及中位限定詞與中位限定詞是相互排斥的,后位限定詞與后位限定詞之間雖不相互排斥但有搭配限制。

■前位限定詞包括:all, both, half; double, twice, three times, etc; one-third, two-fifths, etc; what, such, (a / an)等。

■中位限定詞包括:

冠詞:a(n), the

指示代詞:this, that, these, those

形容詞性物主代詞:my, your, his, her, our, etc

名詞屬格:Jim’s, my mother’s

不定代詞:some, any, no, every, each, either, neither, enough, etc

連接代詞what(ever), which(ever), whose, etc

■后位限定詞包括:one, two, three, etc; first, second, third, etc; next, last, other, another, etc; many, much, (a) few, (a) little, fewer, (the) fewest, less, (the) least, more, most; several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great / large / good number of, a great / good deal of, a large / small amount of; such等。

常用英語語法術(shù)語對照表

語法 grammar

句法 syntax

詞法 morphology

結(jié)構(gòu) structure

層次 rank

句子 sentence

從句 clause

詞組 phrase

詞類 part of speech

單詞 word

實詞 notional word

虛詞 structural word

單純詞simple word

派生詞derivative

復合詞compound

詞性part of speech

名詞 noun

專有名詞 proper noun

普通名詞 common noun

可數(shù)名詞 countable noun

不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun

抽象名詞 abstract noun

具體名詞 concret noun

物質(zhì)名詞 material noun

集體名詞 collective noun

個體名詞 individual noun

介詞 preposition

連詞 conjunction

動詞 verb

主動詞 main verb

及物動詞 transitive verb

不及物動詞 intransitive verb

系動詞 link verb

助動詞 auxiliary verb

情態(tài)動詞 modal verb

規(guī)則動詞 regular verb

不規(guī)則動詞 irregular verb

短語動詞 phrasal verb

限定動詞 finite verb

非限定動詞 infinite verb

使役動詞 causative verb

感官動詞 verb of senses

動態(tài)動詞 event verb

靜態(tài)動詞 state verb

感嘆詞 exclamation

形容詞 adjective

副詞 adverb

方式副詞 adverb of manner

程度副詞 adverb of degree

時間副詞 adverb of time

地點副詞 adverb of place

修飾性副詞 adjunct

連接性副詞 conjunct

疑問副詞 interogative adverb

關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb

代詞 pronoun

人稱代詞 personal pronoun

物主代詞 possesive pronoun

反身代詞 reflexive pronoun

相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun

指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun

疑問代詞 interrogative pronoun

關(guān)系代詞 relative pronoun

不定代詞 indefinite pronoun

物主代詞 possecive pronoun

名詞性物主代詞 nominal possesive prnoun

形容詞性物主代詞 adjectival possesive pronoun

冠詞 article

定冠詞 definite article

不定冠詞 indefinite article

數(shù)詞 numeral

基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral

序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral

分數(shù)詞 fractional numeral

形式 form

單數(shù)形式 singular form

復數(shù)形式 plural form

限定動詞 finite verb form

非限定動詞 non-finite verb form

原形 base form

從句 clause

從屬句 subordinate clause

并列句 coordinate clause

名詞從句 nominal clause

定語從句 attributive clause

狀語從句 adverbial clause

賓語從句 object clause

主語從句 subject clause

同位語從句 appositive clause

時間狀語從句 adverbial clause of time

地點狀語從句 adverbial clause of place

方式狀語從句 adverbial clause of manner

讓步狀語從句 adverbial clause of concession

原因狀語從句 adverbial clause of cause

結(jié)果狀語從句 adverbial clause of result

目的狀語從句 adverbial clause of purpose

條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of condition

真實條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of real condition

非真實條件狀語從句 adverbial clause of unreal condition

含蓄條件句 adverbial clause of implied condition

錯綜條件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition

句子 sentence

簡單句 simple sentence

并列句 compound sentence

復合句 complex sentence

并列復合句 compound complex sentence

陳述句 declarative sentence

疑問句 interrogative sentence

一般疑問句 general question

特殊疑問句 special question

選擇疑問句 alternative question

附加疑問句 tag question

反義疑問句 disjunctive question

修辭疑問句 rhetorical question

感嘆疑問句 exclamatory question

存在句 existential sentence

肯定句 positive sentence

基本句型 basic sentence patern

否定句 negative sentence

祈使句 imperative sentence

省略句 elliptical sentence

感嘆句 exclamatory sentence

句子成分 members of sentences

主語 subject

謂語 predicate

賓語 object

雙賓語 dual object

直接賓語 direct object

間接賓語 indirect object

復合賓語 complex object

同源賓語 cognate object

補語 complement

主補 subject complement

賓補 object complement

表語 predicative

定語 attribute

同位語 appositive

狀語 adverbial

句法關(guān)系 syntatic relationship

并列 coordinate

從屬 subordination

修飾 modification

前置修飾 pre-modification

后置修飾 post-modification

限制 restriction

雙重限制 double-restriction

非限制 non-restriction

數(shù) number

單數(shù)形式 singular form

復數(shù)形式 plural form

規(guī)則形式 regular form

不規(guī)則形式 irregular form

格 case

普通格 common case

所有格 possessive case

主格 nominative case

賓格 objective case

性 gender

陽性 masculine

陰性 feminine

通性 common

中性 neuter

人稱 person

第一人稱 first person

第二人稱 second person

第三人稱 third person

時態(tài) tense

過去將來時 past future tense

過去將來進行時 past future continuous tense

過去將來完成時 past future perfect tense

一般現(xiàn)在時 present simple tense

一般過去時 past simple tense

一般將來時 future simple tense

現(xiàn)在完成時 past perfect tense

過去完成時 present perfect tense

將來完成時 future perfect tense

現(xiàn)在進行時 present continuous tense

過去進行時 past continuous tense

將來進行時 future continuous tense

過去將來進行時 past future continuous tense

現(xiàn)在完成進行時 present perfect continuous tense

過去完成進行時 past perfect continuous tense

語態(tài) voice

主動語態(tài) active voice

被動語態(tài) passive voice

語氣 mood

陳述語氣 indicative mood

祈使語氣 imperative mood

虛擬語氣 subjunctive mood

否定 negation

否定范圍 scope of negation

全部否定 full negation

局部否定 partial negation

轉(zhuǎn)移否定 shift of negation

語序 order

自然語序 natural order

倒裝語序 inversion

全部倒裝 full inversion

部分倒裝 partial inversion

直接引語 direct speech

間接引語 indirect speech

自由直接引語 free direct speech

自由間接引語 free indirect speech

一致 agreement

主謂一致 subject-predicate agreement

語法一致 grammatical agreement

概念一致 notional agreement

就近原則 principle of proximity

強調(diào) emphasis

重復 repetition

語音 pronunciation

語調(diào) tone

升調(diào) rising tone

降調(diào) falling tone

降升調(diào) falling-rising tone

文體 style

正式文體 formal

非正式文體 informal

口語 spoken/oral English

套語 formulistic expression

英國英語 British English

美國英語 American English

用法 usage

感情色彩 emotional coloring

褒義 commendatory

貶義 derogatory

幽默 humorous

諷刺 sarcastic

挖苦 ironic

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