2020商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)方面寫(xiě)作范文

歷年來(lái)BEC中級(jí)作文考生都是比較關(guān)注的，那么今年會(huì)考哪方面的寫(xiě)作呢，小編收集了兩篇關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)方面寫(xiě)作范文，下面小編就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。

2020商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)寫(xiě)作范文1 經(jīng)濟(jì)大跌

The economy's stumble

經(jīng)濟(jì)的絆足

Air pocket or second dip?

氣囊保護(hù)還是二次淪陷?

Oct 8th 2009 | WASHINGTON, DC

From The Economist print edition

A slump in September prompts thoughts of new stimulus

9月經(jīng)濟(jì)大跌，新刺激方案提上日程

AFTER riding a wave of improvement since the spring, the economy stumbled in September according to the latest figures. Non-farm employment sank by 263,000, which was 62,000 more than in August, and the unemployment rate rose by 0.1% to 9.8%. Car sales tumbled as the federal “cash-for-clunkers” programme expired. Manufacturing activity cooled a bit.

根據(jù)最新統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，從春季開(kāi)始一路高歌猛進(jìn)的美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在9月大幅下跌。非農(nóng)業(yè)職位減少了26.3萬(wàn)個(gè)，降幅較8月增加了6.2萬(wàn)個(gè)，失業(yè)率升至9.8%，增幅0.1%。汽車銷量在聯(lián)邦“舊車換現(xiàn)金”計(jì)劃結(jié)束后陡降。制造業(yè)略有放緩。

All this is probably an air pocket; overall economic output almost certainly began to rise in the third quarter of the year and employment will eventually follow. Leading indicators such as the stockmarket and new claims for unemployment benefits are signaling recovery. But it is taking a painfully long time. “We will need to grind out this recovery step by step,” acknowledged Barack Obama on October 3rd, the day after the job data were released. To add insult to injury, the Bureau of Labour Statistics concluded that the economy lost 824,000 more jobs in the year to March than it had originally thought. That would raise the recession’s toll so far to 8m, or 5.8% of the workforce. Assuming no further revisions, the recession now holds the honour of the most severe since the Second World War—exceeding even the 5% loss recorded in 1948.

這一切或許是如“氣囊”一般的保護(hù)性反應(yīng);今年第三季度，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量確已開(kāi)始上升，就業(yè)率最終也將隨之跟進(jìn)。證券市場(chǎng)以及新失業(yè)津貼政策等主要指標(biāo)都預(yù)示著經(jīng)濟(jì)的回暖。然而，前路漫漫。“我們需要逐步恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，”巴拉克?奧巴馬在就業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布的第二天(10月3日)承認(rèn)說(shuō)。雪上加霜的是，勞動(dòng)統(tǒng)計(jì)局表示，截至今年5月，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)比預(yù)想的進(jìn)一步減少了82.4萬(wàn)個(gè)職位。這使得經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退造成的總失業(yè)人數(shù)達(dá)到了800萬(wàn)，占勞動(dòng)力的5.8%。如果經(jīng)濟(jì)停止進(jìn)一步惡化，那這將是自二戰(zhàn)以來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退——其損失超過(guò)了1948年所記載的GDP的5%。

The bigger problem is that once employment growth resumes, it will probably remain anaemic. More than half of businesses say they will not return to pre-recession staffing levels until 2012, if ever, according to a September survey of chief financial officers by Duke University and CFO Magazine, a sister publication of The Economist. Fully 43% still plan to cull payrolls in the next 12 months.

更大的問(wèn)題在于，就業(yè)一旦增加，它仍有可能持續(xù)疲軟。根據(jù)杜克大學(xué)及《CFO Magazine》雜志(與《The Economist》同屬一家公司)財(cái)務(wù)長(zhǎng)在9月的一份報(bào)告，超過(guò)半數(shù)的公司表示即使其人員編制有所回升，但在2012年之前不會(huì)回到衰退前的水平。共有43%的公司計(jì)劃在未來(lái)的12個(gè)月中繼續(xù)裁減人手。

Mr Obama and his advisers are considering new measures to boost the economy. These will not be on the scale of this year’s $787 billion stimulus programme, which will in any case continue to inject money into the economy until the end of next year. More likely, he will seek to continue some provisions of the stimulus bill, such as extending unemployment benefits for laid-off workers and subsidies to allow them to keep their health insurance.

奧巴馬先生和他的顧問(wèn)們正考慮新的經(jīng)濟(jì)提振措施，但其規(guī)模將不及今年7870億美元的刺激計(jì)劃，后者于明年年底之前將不遺余力的不斷向經(jīng)濟(jì)注入資金?？赡苄愿蟮氖?，他將延續(xù)刺激方案中的某些條款，如下崗職工失業(yè)津貼擴(kuò)面以及健康保險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)助等。

The retreat in car sales when cash-for-clunkers ended was a jarring reminder of the withdrawal symptoms that await when other stimulus measures, such as the homebuyer’s credit, are allowed to expire. But extending them would boost a soaring deficit that is estimated to have hit $1.4 billion in the fiscal year that ended on September 30th. Voters are nervous about red ink stretching away into the future, and even Mr Obama’s liberal supporters are turning up the heat. This week Nancy Pelosi, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, said a value-added tax should be “on the table”. It may yet come to that, though introducing such a tax too early would risk choking off the recovery and creating a brand new tax that would give the president’s enemies a field-day. No one said his job was easy.

“舊車換現(xiàn)金”計(jì)劃結(jié)束所帶來(lái)的汽車銷量下降預(yù)示了在諸如購(gòu)房貸款等刺激措施期滿結(jié)束后經(jīng)濟(jì)所將經(jīng)歷的退縮癥狀。但是，如果繼續(xù)實(shí)行此類措施，那將會(huì)為9月30日截止的本財(cái)政年帶來(lái)預(yù)計(jì)高達(dá)14億美元的財(cái)政赤字。選民們對(duì)未來(lái)源源不斷的財(cái)政赤字憂心忡忡，甚至是奧巴馬先生的自由派支持者都在火上澆油。本周，眾議院議長(zhǎng)南希?佩洛西表示，征收增值稅應(yīng)該 “提上日程”。增值稅遲早會(huì)付諸實(shí)施。然而，過(guò)早的出臺(tái)此類稅收將有可能阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)，同時(shí)，征收新稅將會(huì)為總統(tǒng)的勁敵們提供反擊機(jī)會(huì)。大家都知道，奧巴馬先生過(guò)得不容易。

2020商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中級(jí)寫(xiě)作范文2 經(jīng)濟(jì)

China's stimulus

Got a light? 經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇已被點(diǎn)燃?

China’s big fiscal package may be starting to work

中國(guó)龐大的財(cái)政措施可能已經(jīng)起效

“ONLY when all contribute their firewood can they build up a strong fire,” says a Chinese proverb. With the world economy in its worst crisis in 70 years, every country needs to do its bit to rekindle global demand. The American government, which plans to run a budget deficit of 12% of GDP this year, has called on its Group of 20 partners to do more. Is China one of the misers? Its budget, published last week, showed that it plans to run a deficit of only 3% of GDP. Was the 4 trillion yuan ($586 billion) infrastructure package unveiled last November, worth 14% of GDP, a sham?

中國(guó)有句民諺：“眾人拾柴火焰高?！彪S著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入70年以來(lái)的最大危機(jī)，要重燃全球需求之火，各國(guó)都責(zé)無(wú)旁貸。美國(guó)政府計(jì)劃今年運(yùn)行占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值12%的財(cái)政赤字，并號(hào)召二十國(guó)集團(tuán)的伙伴們作出更多行動(dòng)。中國(guó)是其中的吝嗇鬼嗎?它在上周公布的預(yù)算顯示，中國(guó)計(jì)劃運(yùn)行的財(cái)政赤字只占GDP的3%。難道去年十一月公布的4億元用于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的措施——相當(dāng)于GDP的14%——僅僅是在忽悠?

Beijing’s stimulus is smaller than the number announced last year, but it is still the biggest in the world. The fact that America is set to run a budget deficit four times the size of China’s as a share of GDP does not mean its demand stimulus is bigger; America started this year with a much bigger deficit. America’s deficit will increase by more than China’s this year, largely because it is suffering a deeper recession which will depress tax revenue. The correct measure of a fiscal stimulus is the change in the budget deficit adjusted for the impact of the economic cycle.

北京的刺激計(jì)劃小于去年公布的數(shù)字，但這依然是世界范圍內(nèi)最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案。盡管美國(guó)運(yùn)行的財(cái)政赤字是中國(guó)的四倍，但這并不意味著它的需求性刺激計(jì)劃就更大。美國(guó)從今年開(kāi)始就保持了巨大的財(cái)政赤字，并且年內(nèi)赤字增長(zhǎng)將高于中國(guó)。這主要是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)遭受的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退極大地減少了稅收。財(cái)政刺激方案的正確措施應(yīng)該是調(diào)整財(cái)政赤字以適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)圈的沖擊。

In China, however, even this would understate the true stimulus, because some public-infrastructure investment will be done by state-owned firms or local governments and financed by banks. Tao Wang of UBS estimates that new infrastructure investment, tax cuts, consumer subsidies and increased spending on health care will amount to a stimulus by the central government of about 3% of GDP in 2009. Adding in bank-financed infrastructure spending might lift the total to 4% of GDP.

然而在中國(guó)，經(jīng)濟(jì)赤字掩蓋了真實(shí)的刺激方案，因?yàn)橐恍┕不A(chǔ)設(shè)施投資是由銀行提供資金、國(guó)有公司或地方政府實(shí)施的。瑞銀的陶旺(音)預(yù)計(jì)，新的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、減稅、消費(fèi)補(bǔ)貼以及醫(yī)療方面的投資增長(zhǎng)將構(gòu)成總額占到GDP3%的09年中央政府刺激方案。如果加上由銀行提供資金支持的基建支出，整個(gè)刺激方案將占到GDP的4%。

Chinese investment in railways, roads and power grids is already booming. In the first two months of this year, total fixed investment was 30% higher in real terms than a year earlier, and investment in railways tripled. China has been much criticised for focusing its stimulus on investment, rather than consumption, but in China in the short term this is the quickest way to boost domestic demand.

中國(guó)在鐵路、公路和電網(wǎng)方面的投資已經(jīng)大規(guī)模展開(kāi)。今年頭兩個(gè)月內(nèi)，固定投資總額較去年同期增長(zhǎng)30%，鐵路投資增長(zhǎng)了3倍。很多批評(píng)認(rèn)為，中國(guó)的刺激方案集中于投資而不是消費(fèi)，但就短期來(lái)看，在中國(guó)這是提高國(guó)內(nèi)需求最立竿見(jiàn)影的方式。

What about the other tool for boosting domestic spending, namely monetary policy? Since the start of last year, China has cut its interest rates by only half as much as America’s Federal Reserve has. New figures showing that consumer prices fell by 1.6% in the year to February have brought the first whiff of deflation, suggesting that China has not done enough to boost demand. But this is not true deflation, where falling prices are accompanied by shrinking money supply and credit. Bank lending grew by 24% over the past year. The true gauge of monetary easing is not the cut in interest rates, but whether it succeeds in spurring new lending. China is one of the few countries in the world where credit has accelerated since the start of the global credit crunch—though some of the lending is of the state-directed sort.

那么作為提高國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)另一手段的貨幣政策又運(yùn)用的怎樣?從去年年初開(kāi)始，中國(guó)已經(jīng)將利率砍到美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的一半。新的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字顯示，到二月，消費(fèi)品價(jià)格較去年下降了1.6%，從而帶來(lái)了第一輪通貨緊縮。這似乎意味著中國(guó)在提高需求方面做的尚且不夠。但其實(shí)，這并不是真正的通貨緊縮。真正的通縮情況下，貨幣供應(yīng)和信貸會(huì)隨著物價(jià)下降而萎縮。去年，銀行借貸增長(zhǎng)了24%。對(duì)銀根放松的正確估量并非基于利率，而是其是否成功刺激新的借貸產(chǎn)生。中國(guó)作為世界上少有的幾個(gè)國(guó)家，其借貸規(guī)模在全球信貸危機(jī)爆發(fā)后不降反升——盡管部分借貸是在國(guó)家指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的。

China has not only accomplished considerable fiscal and monetary easing. By allowing the yuan to rise by 18% in trade-weighted terms over the past 12 months, Beijing is passing on some of that boost to the rest of the world.

中國(guó)不僅完成了規(guī)?？捎^的財(cái)政和銀根放松計(jì)劃，還通過(guò)讓人民幣在過(guò)去12個(gè)月內(nèi)升值18%(貿(mào)易加權(quán)考慮在內(nèi))，部分促進(jìn)了世界貨幣經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。

The real question is whether China’s stimulus is big enough? Exports fell by a sharper-than-expected 26% in the year to February and may yet drop further. The 12-month rate of growth in industrial production also dropped to only 3.8% in the first two months of 2009, and retail-sales growth slowed to 15%. But there are some tentative signs of a recovery in domestic demand. As well as the increases in investment and bank lending, car sales and electricity consumption have picked up. Mingchun Sun of Nomura reckons that the stimulus will be enough to achieve 8% growth this year. But the government has made it clear that if the economy remains feeble, it will supply another fiscal boost.

真正的問(wèn)題是：中國(guó)的貿(mào)易刺激方案數(shù)量是否已經(jīng)夠大?到今年二月，年出口額下降遠(yuǎn)超預(yù)期，達(dá)26%，并且可能繼續(xù)下挫。工業(yè)生產(chǎn)12個(gè)月增幅在09年頭兩個(gè)月已將至3.8%，零售業(yè)增長(zhǎng)放緩至15%。但是仍然有一些國(guó)內(nèi)需求復(fù)蘇的暫時(shí)性指標(biāo)。除了投資和銀行貸款增長(zhǎng)外，汽車銷售和電力消費(fèi)同樣得到提振。野村證券的孫明春(音)認(rèn)為，經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)8%的年度經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。但是政府已經(jīng)明確表示，如果經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)疲軟，將會(huì)提供另外的財(cái)政提振方案。

Such injections may be able to drag growth back to 8% this year, but they cannot keep the economy running at this pace if global demand remains depressed. The need for China to shift the mix of growth from exports to consumption has become more urgent. Chinese officials are right to say that it will take years for higher public spending on health care and a social safety net to reduce household saving—all the more reason to speed up such policies. If not, even China’s fire could burn out.

這些注入或許可以把今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)拉回到8%，但如果全球需求持續(xù)悲觀，增速便難以維持。對(duì)于中國(guó)而言，出口轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)銷的需要已經(jīng)更加緊迫。中國(guó)官員正確地表示，將會(huì)用數(shù)年時(shí)間增量投資公共衛(wèi)生和社保體系以降低居民存款，使得這些政策的加速實(shí)施更加名正言順。否則，即便是中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)火焰也會(huì)被撲滅。