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Unless的用法總結(jié)

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Unless 的用法

你們知道unless的用法嗎?我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧,下面小編就和大家分享,來欣賞一下吧。

語法學(xué)習(xí):Unless 的用法

Unless 的用法

一、unless的基本用法

連詞unless:意為“除非……如果不……”,“除了……”,多引導(dǎo)一個(gè)否定意義的真實(shí)條件句,有時(shí)也可引導(dǎo)非真實(shí)條件旬。

unless引導(dǎo)條件句時(shí)

(1) 主句為肯定句。

如:

Unless I visit every bookstore in town.I shall not know whether I can get what l want.

如果我不到城里每一家書店去看看,我就不知道是否能買到我想要的書。

You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.

你要不快點(diǎn)就會(huì)錯(cuò)過班車。

You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder.

如果你不再加把勁,你化學(xué)考試還會(huì)不及格。

(2) 主句為否定句。

如:

Unless you oil the motor regularly.it won’t run smoothly.

要不是你經(jīng)常給發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上油。它就不會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)得那么順暢。

I wouldn't be saying this unless I were sure of the facts.

要是我對(duì)這些事情沒有把握,我就不說這話了。

You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal.

如果你不設(shè)定目標(biāo),你哪兒也去不了。

小詞不簡單 unless口語用法指南

STRUCTURE

結(jié)構(gòu)

As mentioned above, unless is a conjunction which we use in conditional phrases. In written English, the clause that follows unless is the subordinate clause (SC) meaning that it needs a main clause (MC) to make a complete sentence. It is similar to how we use if in conditional phrases.

之前提過,unless是在條件句中使用的連詞。在書面語種,使用unless的從句叫做從屬句(SC),需要主句(MC)讓句子完整。這就像if在條件句里的用法一樣。

When unless comes before a main clause we use a comma:

unless放在主句之前加逗號(hào):

Unless it rains, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.

[en](SC) (MC)

[/en]

除非下雨,否則我們明天去野餐。

When the main clause comes first, no comma is required:

主句在前,不需要逗號(hào):

They won’t come unless you invite them.

[en](MC) (SC)

[/en]

除非你邀請(qǐng)他們,否則他們不會(huì)來。

Unless is like If in that we don’t not use will/would after it. We only use the present simple tense.

像if一樣,我們不會(huì)在unless后面使用will/would。只使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Unless I hear from you, I’ll see you at 5pm.

除非你通知我,否則我和你下午5點(diǎn)碰面。

HOW DO WE USE “UNLESS”?

如何使用“unless”?

Unless and if not

unless和if not

Ok, so unless is similar to “if …..not” and together they mean “except if”. Note: We refer to real conditional situations and NOT impossible situations.

unless和if…not很相似,它們都表示“除非”。注意:我們指的是真實(shí)的條件情況,而不是不可能的情況。

If you don’t study, you will fail your exam./ Unless you study, you will fail.

如果你不學(xué)習(xí),你考試就過不了。/除非你學(xué)習(xí),否則你就過不了考試。

We could eat at Frankie and Benny’s if they’re not closed on a Monday/ We could eat at Frankie and Benny’s unless they are closed on a Monday.

如果弗蘭基&班尼餐館周一不關(guān)門,我們可以在那吃飯。/除非弗蘭基&班尼餐館周一關(guān)門,否則我們就在那吃飯。

I’ll make dinner if nobody wants to/ I’ll make dinner unless someone else wants to.

如果沒人想做飯的話,我做吧。/除非沒別人想做飯,那么我就來做吧。

If you don’t stop smoking, you will feel bad/ Unless you stop smoking, you will feel bad

如果你不戒煙,你會(huì)不舒服的。/除非你戒煙,不然你會(huì)感覺不舒服。

Note that the sentence after unless is always a positive sentence. You cannot have a negative sentence after unless because that would make the sentence a double negative and senseless.

注意:unless之后的句子總是肯定的。在unless之后不能接否定句,因?yàn)檫@就造成了雙重否定,句子沒有意義。

Example: Unless you don’t study, you will fail. (????)

例句:除非你不學(xué)習(xí),否則你就會(huì)失敗。(小編注:即使是此句的中文譯文也是一個(gè)有語義問題的病句,雙重否定后使句子無邏輯意義了,符合邏輯的句子應(yīng)該是“除非你學(xué)習(xí),否則你就會(huì)失敗?!?

..arning: Typical Error

警告:典型錯(cuò)誤

We don’t use “unless” when we mean if.

表示“如果”的時(shí)候不用unless。

Example: If you feel ill, I can drive/ Unless you feel ill, I can drive

例句:如果你覺得不舒服,我來開車吧。/除非你覺得不舒服,否則我來開車吧。

Spoken English

口語

When speaking, we use unless to introduce an extra thought or piece of information:

說話的時(shí)候,我們用unless表達(dá)一些額外的思考或者是信息:

He didn’t even know about the crash – unless he’d heard about it on the radio.

他都不知道那場(chǎng)空難—除非他在廣播上聽說了。

A: Oh look. Neil next door’s got a new car.

A:看!尼爾的鄰居有了輛新車!

B: Unless they’ve got a visitor.

B:除非他們來客人了。

HOW ABOUT “NOT UNLESS”?

not unless的用法呢?

Not unless is similar to only if

not unless和only if相似

Example:

例句:

Shall I tell Liz what happened? Not unless she asks you (= only if she asks you)

我需要告訴利茲發(fā)生的事嗎?除非她問起來。

Will you come shopping with me? Not unless you offer me lunch (= only if you offer me lunch)

你和我一起去逛街嗎?除非你給我提供午餐。

unless 與 if ... not 的用法區(qū)別(知其然,知其所以然)

兩者都可表示否定的條件,有時(shí)可換用。如:

Come tomorrow unless I phone [if I don’t phone]. 要是我沒有打電話,明天就來。

You won’t catch the train unless you hurry [if you don’t hurry]. 你要是不趕快,你就趕不上火車了。

但是在下列情況下,通常要用 if ... not 而不用 unless:

1. 當(dāng)所述條件要引出一種新的想法或情況時(shí)。如:

I’ll be angry if I’m not invited to the party. 如果不邀請(qǐng)我參加晚會(huì),我會(huì)生氣的。

I will be surprised if he doesn’t have an accident. 他要是不出事,我倒感到奇怪了。

2. 當(dāng)要引出一個(gè)表示假想的條件句時(shí)。如:

If he weren’t so silly, he would understand. 他要不是那樣傻的話,他就會(huì)明白了。

If I hadn’t stopped her, she would have jumped down. 要不是我阻止了她,她就跳下去了。

注:

偶爾可見到 unless 用于假想條件句,但有不少語法家反對(duì)這一用法,建議學(xué)生不要模仿。順便說一句,unless 有時(shí)用于引出一個(gè)補(bǔ)充前言的話,此時(shí)若談?wù)摰氖沁^去的情況,注意不要與表示想象的條件句相混淆。如:

I couldn’t have got to the meeting on time — unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及時(shí)趕到會(huì)場(chǎng),除非我趕上了較早的一班火車。

若將上句中的 unless 換為 if ... not,則意思有很大差別:

I couldn’t have got to the meeting on time if I had not caught an earlier train. 要是我沒有趕上早一班火車,我就不可能及時(shí)到會(huì)了。

【英語角】小詞不簡單,unless用法大全

STRUCTURE

結(jié)構(gòu)

As mentioned above, unless is a conjunction which we use in conditional phrases. In written English, the clause that follows unless is the subordinate clause (SC) meaning that it needs a main clause (MC) to make a complete sentence. It is similar to how we use if in conditional phrases.

之前提過,unless是在條件句中使用的連詞。在書面語種,使用unless的從句叫做從屬句(SC),需要主句(MC)讓句子完整。這就像if在條件句里的用法一樣。

When unless comes before a main clause we use a comma:

unless放在主句之前加逗號(hào):

Unless it rains, we'll go for a picnic tomorrow.

除非下雨,否則我們明天去野餐。

When the main clause comes first, no comma is required:

主句在前,不需要逗號(hào):

They won't come unless you invite them.

除非你邀請(qǐng)他們,否則他們不會(huì)來。

Unless is like If in that we don't not use will/would after it. We only use the present simple tense.

像if一樣,我們不會(huì)在unless后面使用will/would。只使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Unless I hear from you, I'll see you at 5pm.

除非你通知我,否則我和你下午5點(diǎn)碰面。

HOW DO WE USE “UNLESS”?

如何使用“unless”?

Unless and if not

unless和if not

Ok, so unless is similar to "if …..not" and together they mean "except if". Note: We refer to real conditional situations and NOT impossible situations.

unless和if…not很相似,它們都表示“除非”。注意:我們指的是真實(shí)的條件情況,而不是不可能的情況。

If you don't study, you will fail your exam.

如果你不學(xué)習(xí),你考試就過不了。

Unless you study, you will fail.

除非你學(xué)習(xí),否則你就過不了考試。

We could eat at Frankie and Benny's if they're not closed on a Monday.

如果弗蘭基和班尼餐館周一不關(guān)門,我們可以在那吃飯。

We could eat at Frankie and Benny's unless they are closed on a Monday.

除非弗蘭基和班尼餐館周一關(guān)門,否則我們就在那吃飯。

I'll make dinner if nobody wants to.

如果沒人想做飯的話,我做吧。

I'll make dinner unless someone else wants to.

除非沒別人想做飯,那么我就來做吧。

If you don't stop smoking, you will feel bad.

如果你不戒煙,你會(huì)不舒服的。

Unless you stop smoking, you will feel bad.

除非你戒煙,不然你會(huì)感覺不舒服。

Note that the sentence after unless is always a positive sentence. You cannot have a negative sentence after unless because that would make the sentence a double negative and senseless.

注意:unless之后的句子總是肯定的。在unless之后不能接否定句,因?yàn)檫@就造成了雙重否定,句子沒有意義。

Example: Unless you don't study, you will fail. (????)

例句:除非你不學(xué)習(xí),否則你就會(huì)失敗。

(小編注:即使是此句的中文譯文也是一個(gè)有語義問題的病句,雙重否定后使句子無邏輯意義了,符合邏輯的句子應(yīng)該是“除非你學(xué)習(xí),否則你就會(huì)失敗?!?

Warning: Typical Error

警告:典型錯(cuò)誤

We don't use "unless" when we mean if.

表示“如果”的時(shí)候不用unless。

Example: If you feel ill, I can drive.

如果你覺得不舒服,我來開車吧。

Unless you feel ill, I can drive.

除非你覺得不舒服,否則我來開車吧。

Spoken English

口語

When speaking, we use unless to introduce an extra thought or piece of information:

說話的時(shí)候,我們用unless表達(dá)一些額外的思考或者是信息:

He didn't even know about the crash – unless he'd heard about it on the radio.

他都不知道那場(chǎng)空難—除非他在廣播上聽說了。

A: Oh look. Neil next door's got a new car.

A:看!尼爾的鄰居有了輛新車!

B: Unless they've got a visitor.

B:除非他們來客人了。

HOW ABOUT “NOT UNLESS”?

not unless的用法呢?

Not unless is similar to only if

not unless和only if相似

Example:

例句:

Shall I tell Liz what happened? Not unless she asks you (= only if she asks you)

我需要告訴利茲發(fā)生的事嗎?除非她問起來。

Will you come shopping with me? Not unless you offer me lunch (= only if you offer me lunch)

你和我一起去逛街嗎?除非你給我提供午餐。

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