GRE填空同位語短語實例解析
同位語短語實例解析 ,GE填空句子巧分析得高分，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
同位語短語實例解析 GRE填空句子巧分析得高分
如果在某一空格的前部或后部出現(xiàn)下述短語結(jié)構(gòu)——a.現(xiàn)在分詞短語，b.過去分詞短語，c.形容詞短語，d.同位語短語，e.介詞結(jié)構(gòu) ，f.動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)——則所有這些短語結(jié)構(gòu)或是在空格前作預先的鋪砌，埋下一處線索，或是在空格后作補充陳述，以示強調(diào)?？崭竦拇鸢妇梢酝x詞的方式從這些短語結(jié)構(gòu)中求取。
D:同位語短語
例 Ⅳ：
The state is a network of exchanged benefits and beliefs, --------- between rulers and citizens based on those laws and procedures that are --------- to the maintenance of community.
(A) a compromise ... inimical
(B) an interdependence. .. subsidiary
(C) a counterpoint ... incidental
(D) an equivalence ... prerequisite
(E) a reciprocity ... conducive
〖解答〗
空格Ⅰ需代入一名詞，與此前的"a network of exchanged benefits"在語法上構(gòu)成同位語，以突出強調(diào)“互惠互利”這一概念。(E) reciprocity最好地體現(xiàn)了這一概念。(A) compromise 和(B) interdependence盡管尚能達意，但針對性不強。當然，在空格Ⅱ處，(A)(B)前后不通，(E) "be conducive to"(有利于…)為正確。
〖詞匯〗
inimical: 1.敵意的 2.有害的，不利的
subsidiary: 附屬的，次要的，補貼的
counterpoint: 對位法，對比法
incidental: 伴隨的，次要的，偶發(fā)的
equivalence: 相等
prerequisite: 先決條件的，必要的
〖中譯〗
國家是一個互惠和互信的結(jié)構(gòu)，是統(tǒng)治者與公民之間的一種互利關(guān)系，以那些有利于維持一個社會的法律和程序為其基礎。
E:介詞結(jié)構(gòu)
例 Ⅴ：
An investigation that is ---------- can occasionally yield new facts, even notable ones, but typically the appearance of such facts is the result of a search in a definite direction.
(A) timely
(B) unguided
(C) consistent
(D) uncomplicated
(E) subjective
〖解答〗
在以but連接的兩個句子中分別兩次涉及“研究”(investigation search)這一概念。從search后面的介詞結(jié)構(gòu)in a definite direction可求取其反義詞(B) unguided。
〖中譯〗
一種漫無目的，無的放矢式的研究偶爾能揭示出新的事實，甚至是引人矚目的事實;但是，普遍而言，此類事實的出現(xiàn)是有著明確方向的探索帶來的結(jié)果。
例 Ⅵ：
The Gibsons were little given to ---------- in any form; not one of them was afraid of ----------, of being and seeming unlike their neighbors.
(A) humility ... absurdity
(B) excellence ... mediocrity
(C) anger ... confrontation
(D) conformism ... singularity
(E) ostentation ... eccentricity
〖解答〗
空格Ⅱ后面以of引導的介詞結(jié)構(gòu)無疑與該空格前的of結(jié)構(gòu)屬同一性質(zhì)，作補充陳述。從"unlike their neighbours"可獲取一“與眾不同，標新立異”的概念代入空格Ⅱ，則求得(D) singularity和(E) eccentricity為正確。既然第二句陳述"Gibson一家誰都不怕與眾不同"，這即意味著每人都敢于或愿意表現(xiàn)得與眾不同。據(jù)此可推知，Gibson一家所不喜歡的是“與眾相同”。正確答案為(D)。
〖詞匯〗
be given to: 習慣于…, 喜歡
absurdity: 荒謬
confrontation: 1.正視 2. 沖突，對抗
ostentation: 炫耀，夸示
〖中譯〗
吉布森一家不喜歡任何形式的墨守成規(guī);他們當中無人懼怕標新立異，要顯得與其鄰居大異其趣。
F：動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)
例 Ⅶ：
An essential purpose of the criminal justice system is to enable purgation to take place; that is, to provide a --------- by which a community expresses its collective --------- the transgression of the criminal.
(A) catharsis ... outrage at
(B) disclaimer ... forgiveness of
(C) means ... empathy with
(D) procedure ... distaste for
(E) document ... disapprobation of
〖解答〗
空格Ⅰ之前的動詞不定式"to provide..."無疑是對此前的那個不定式結(jié)構(gòu)"to enable purgation to take place"的復述。據(jù)此，可將第一個不定式中的purgation一詞直接移入空格Ⅰ，則求得同義的(A) catharsis為正確答案。
〖詞匯〗
catharsis: 渲泄，凈化
empathy: 移情，共鳴
disapprobation: 不以為然，非難
〖中譯〗
刑事司法制度的根本目的就是要致使犯法者得以被蕩滌清除;也就是說，要提供某種凈化作用，社會藉以對罪犯的違法行為表示出全民的憤慨。
TIPS：GRE填空常見句子關(guān)系標志性詞語
凡是出現(xiàn)but, yet, however, nevertheless, although, (even) though, while, whereas, notwithstanding, despite, in spite of, in contrast (to), on the contrary, on the other hand, whatever, otherwise, ironically, paradoxically, curiously, surprisingly 等帶有轉(zhuǎn)折逆轉(zhuǎn)含義的題目，則代入空格的正確選項必與中心線索構(gòu)成語義對立的反義詞關(guān)系。
新GRE填空句子結(jié)構(gòu)實例分析
36 Another point is that cycling is a cheaper alternative than car ownership with its registration fees, fuel costs, and regular mechanical expenses.
典型句式：with 介詞結(jié)構(gòu)暗含原因。
句子主干：Another point is that cycling is an alternative.
翻譯： 另外一點就是騎車是比開車更經(jīng)濟的替代方案，由于它(汽車)的注冊費，燃料成本以及常規(guī)機械維修成本。
37 The greater the proportion of cyclists to other vehicles, the safer cycling becomes.
典型句式：the more A, the more B.
句子主干：The greater the proportion of cyclists, the safer cycling becomes.
翻譯：騎自行車的人相對(使用)其他車輛的人的比例越大，騎車就變得越安全。
38 In fact, puffery has been termed “a licence to lie”, as it is vague enough to be classed as opinion, an expression of the salesperson’s evaluation of the product, rather than an objective statement.
典型句式：as 引導的原因狀語。 A rather than B 結(jié)構(gòu)
句子主干：puffery has been termed “a licence to lie”.
翻譯：事實上，自我吹噓性廣告被標簽位“撒謊的自由”，由于它足夠模糊到被歸類為觀點，一種銷售人員對自己產(chǎn)品的評估性表達，而不是一種可觀陳述。
39 Using puffery to raise awareness of products and to generate increased sales is a common advertising strategy.
典型句式：and 引導的順承關(guān)系
句子主干：Using puffery is a strategy.
翻譯：使用吹噓性廣告來提高產(chǎn)品的知名度并且促進銷售是一種普通的廣告策略。
40 These days, however, if a company claims to sell the country’s “best-loved” or “favourite” product], whether a brand of coffee or a make of car, this is held to be puffery, rather than an objective claim of market share.
典型句式：A or B; whether A or B; A rather than B
句子主干：this is held to be puffery.
翻譯：然而，現(xiàn)如今，如果一個公司聲稱賣的是全國“最喜愛的”或“最心愛的”產(chǎn)品，無論是一個咖啡品牌還是一款汽車，這會被當做是吹噓，而不會被當成對市場份額的客觀陳述。
新GRE填空句子結(jié)構(gòu)實例分析
31 A new technology is currently being developed that may allow fast food manufacturers to reduce salt and sugar without sacrificing taste.
典型句式：定語后置
句子主干：A technology is being developed。
翻譯：一項允許快餐制造商減少食鹽和蔗糖的使用而不損害口味的新技術(shù)方興未艾。
32 People generally do not like bitter tasting food, but reversing this technology so that the bitter taste receptors are blocked instead of stimulated may reduce the bitter taste of some healthy foods.
典型句式：but 轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu);so that 因果結(jié)構(gòu)。
句子主干：People do not like bitter tasting food, but reversing this technology may reduce the bitter taste.
翻譯：人們通常不喜歡苦味食品，但逆轉(zhuǎn)這項技術(shù)從而使得苦味接收器官被隔斷而不是刺激或許能減少一些健康食物的苦味。
33 We love and cherish cars because they are undeniably convenient, have increased our personal mobility, and have permitted industry and commerce to grow and prosper.
典型句式：because 引導的原因狀語從句。原因狀語中有三個并列句式。
句子主干：We love and cherish cars.
翻譯： 我們喜歡汽車因為它們確實是便利，提高了我們的個人移動能力，并且允許工商企業(yè)增長繁榮。
34 Apart from the obvious profit motive, the admirable philosophy behind this venture is the desire to bring motoring and mobility within the reach of the poor people who up until now have been unable to afford the price of a car.
典型句式：前修飾+主干+后修飾 the poor people (who up until now have been unable to afford the price of a car).
句子主干：the philosophy is the desire.
翻譯：在明顯的獲利動機之外，該冒險之后的高貴哲學是把機動性帶給窮人的愿望，在這之前，窮人是無力支付汽車的價格的。
35 Traffic congestion, already a major cause for concern, is yet another aspect of transport that will get further out of control, and instead of driving alongside each other, the poor and the rich may find themselves stuck alongside each other in massive traffic jams.
典型句式：and 連接的順承組合句。
句子主干：Traffic congestion is yet another aspect of transport and the poor and the rich may find themselves stuck.
翻譯：堵塞，已經(jīng)成為一個熱點問題，是肯定會進一步失控的交通問題的另一個方面，窮人和富人也許會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在大面積的交通堵塞中卡在一起，而不是并駕齊驅(qū)。
新GRE填空句子結(jié)構(gòu)實例分析
26 Studies carried out by Turner of many thousands of New and Old world specimens, both ancient and modern, suggest that the majority of prehistoric Americans are linked to Northern Asian populations by crown and root traits such as incisor shoveling (a scooping out on one or both surfaces of the tooth, single-rooted upper first premolars and triple-rooted lower first molars.
典型句式：A such as B，C and D.
句子主干：Studies suggest that 賓語從句。
翻譯：T 對新世界和舊世界的，既有古代的又有現(xiàn)代的眾多樣本的研究表明，大多數(shù)史前美洲人通過牙冠和牙根的特征，例如門齒的鏟型結(jié)構(gòu)(牙齒一面或兩面的勺子狀)，單根狀的上前磨牙以及三根的低前磨牙，與北亞洲人密切關(guān)聯(lián)。
27 Education in those days was much simpler than it is today and covered basic literacy skills and religious education.
典型句式：and并列句，本句為一個主語引出兩個并列謂語結(jié)構(gòu);共同的主語是education( in those days), 前一分句為比較結(jié)構(gòu) was much simpler than，而后一分句謂語為covered.
句子主干：Education was simpler and covered something.
翻譯：當時的教育遠比今天簡單，(只)包含基本的識字技能和宗教教育。
28 Ideas about the value and purpose of education have also changed and with the increasing sophistication of workplaces and life skills needed for a successful career, the curriculum has also expanded to try to prepare children for the challenges of a diverse working community.
典型句式：and連接的并列分句。With獨立結(jié)構(gòu)表原因。
句子主干：Ideas have also changed and the curriculum has also expanded.
翻譯：關(guān)于教育的價值和目的的思想也發(fā)生了變化，并且，隨著工作場所以及成功職業(yè)所要求的技能的復雜化，為了幫助孩子準備應對多樣的工作場所的挑戰(zhàn)，課程的內(nèi)容也隨之擴展了。
29 A few examples are garlic, which is said to help with colds or high blood pressure, ginger to help with headaches or toothache, or the magnolia tree which is used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat some forms of cancer and heart disease.
典型句式：主干與修飾
句子主干： examples are garlic, ginger, or the magnolia tree. 三個例子各帶有很長的修飾成分，尤其是ginger后面是動詞不定式引導的定詞成分，特別不容易分辨。
翻譯：舉幾個例子：大蒜，據(jù)說能幫助治療感冒和高血壓，姜，能治療頭疼和牙疼，還有木蘭樹，它在中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學中用來治療某些癌癥和心臟病。
30 People are increasingly aware of the dangers of an unhealthy diet, and the manufacturers of processed food know that sales will increase if they can advertise that their products have less salt or sugar.
典型句式：and連接的并列句。前一分句為簡單句，后一分句包含一層套一層的三個從句。that引導的賓語從句里套了一個if引導的狀語從句，而這個狀語從句里又套了一個that引導的賓語從句。
句子主干：People are aware of the dangers, and the manufacturers know that 賓語從句。翻譯：人們越來語認識到不健康食物的危害，工業(yè)加工食品制造商也知道，如果他們能宣傳他們的產(chǎn)品含有更少的鹽和糖，就能促進銷售。
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GRE填空同位語短語實例解析
