初三英語知識點大全
英語學習過程是一種觀察，模擬，認識，識記，思考，記憶等綜合的心理活動過程。以下是小編為大家?guī)淼?023年初三英語知識點大全，歡迎參閱呀!
2023年初三英語知識點
重點語法
一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)
一. 概念理解
1. 時態(tài)：在英語語言中，時態(tài)主要討論行為動詞發(fā)生的時間。
如：He often helps me with my English. 他經常幫助我學英語。(help這個動作經常發(fā)生often;故用一般現(xiàn)在時)
2. 語態(tài)：在英語語言中，語態(tài)主要討論句子主語與行為動詞的關系。語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。
① 主語是動作的發(fā)出者(執(zhí)行者)為主動語態(tài)。
如：The tall boy often hits his classmates (主語boy是謂語動詞hit的發(fā)出者)。
② 主語是動作的接受者(承受者)為被動語態(tài)。漢語中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來表示被動，而英語用：助動詞be + 及物動詞的過去分詞構成
如：Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world(主語Chinese是謂語動詞speak的承受者)。
3. 語態(tài)與時態(tài)的關系：在任何一個英語句子中都同時存在語態(tài)和時態(tài)，他們是分析一個英語句子的兩個主要元素。
如：① He is looking after his sister at home. (此句為現(xiàn)在進行時的主動語態(tài)結構)
② He is being looked after well by his parents. (此句為現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)結構)
二. 被動語態(tài)最基本的句型結構：be +及物動詞過去分詞
說明：① be 有時態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化。
② 被動語態(tài)中的謂語動詞必須是及物動詞;因為被動句中的主語是動作的承受者，某些短語動詞如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被動語態(tài)。
三. 被動語態(tài)的使用
1. 當不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時，常用被動語態(tài)，這時往往不用by 短語。
Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. (只是告訴老師杯子壞了，不知是誰弄壞的，或不想說出誰弄壞的)。
2. 突出或強調動作的承受者，如果需要說出動作的執(zhí)行者，用by 短語。
如：The cup was broken by Paul.
四. 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的變法：主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間如何轉換
1. 把主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語。
2. 把主動語態(tài)的謂語變成被動語態(tài)的be + 過去分詞，時態(tài)要與原句保持一致。
3. 把主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，放在被動語態(tài)里謂語動詞之后，by 短語可以省略。如果原句主語是地點名詞，在被動語態(tài)中用in + 地點名詞作狀語。
五. 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am /is/ are +done
如：Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州種植茶葉。
Unit6 When was it invented?
【重點短語】
1. by accident 偶然地;意外地
2. without doubt 毫無疑問的;的確
3. by mistake 錯誤地
4. look up to 欽佩;仰慕
5. take place 發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)
6. all of a sudden 突然;猛地
7. divide…into… 把……分成......
8. the Olympics 奧林匹克運動會
9. the style of ……的樣式
10. be used for 被用于……
九年級英語全一冊課本目錄
Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?
Unit 6 When was it invented?
Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.
Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.
Unit 10 You 're supposed to shake hands.
Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry.
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!
Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7
中考英語語法考點總結
結果狀語從句
(1)結果狀語從句由so…that, such…that, so that引導。例如：
He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.
(2)so…that語such...that可以互換。例如：
在由so...that引導的結果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結構是: “...so + 形容詞(副詞)+ that + 從句”。例如：
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
在由such…that引導的結果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞;名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。例如：
It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有時上述兩種結構是可以互換的。例如：
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.
=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.
=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3)如果名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時，只能用so, 不用such。例如：
Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.
初中英語必備知識
一、名詞單復數(shù)
加es構成復數(shù)的.名詞：
beach—beaches
box—boxes
class—classes
glass—glasses
hero—heroes
match—matches
potato—potatoes
sandwich—sandwiches
tomato—tomatoes
watch—watches
將f或fe改為v加es構成復數(shù)的名詞：
knife—knives
leaf—leaves
life—lives
shelf—shelves
wife—wives
wolf—wolves
復數(shù)變化不規(guī)則的名詞：
child—children
Chinese—chinese
fireman—firemen
fish—fish/fishes
foot—feet
Japanese—Japanese
man—men
mouse—mice
policeman—policemen
postman—plstmen
salesman—salesmen
sheep—sheep
tooth—teeth
woman—women
初中英語常考知識
被動語態(tài)
被動語態(tài)由助動詞be加及物動詞的過去分詞構成，助動詞be有時態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化。被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的，be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be動詞后面的過去分詞不變。
1、各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結構如下：
一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+am / is / are (not)+過去分詞
一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+was / were +過去分詞
現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+have / has +been +過去分詞
一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+will +be +過去分詞
過去將來時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+would / should + be +過去分詞
過去進行時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+was / were + being +過去分詞
過去完成時的被動語態(tài)：
主語+had + been +過去分詞
情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：
情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞
2、被動語態(tài)的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，不用by+動作執(zhí)行者短語。
Football is played widely all over the world。
全世界都廣泛地踢足球。
(2)強調動作的承受者。
The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon。
昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。
(3)作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態(tài)句型。
It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA。