人教版初一英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
初中英語是學(xué)生從小學(xué)英語到高中英語的過渡時(shí)期，掌握好英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)是非常重要的。以下是小編給你推薦的人教版初一英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望對(duì)你有幫助!
人教版初一英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)及26個(gè)英文字母的正確書寫
要熟練掌握元音和輔音，5個(gè)元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)，字母的正確占格及單詞間距。
be動(dòng)詞的用法
e動(dòng)詞有三種變形，分別是：am, is, are。記憶口訣：
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;單數(shù)全都用is，復(fù)數(shù)全部都用are。
人教版初一英語上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)
1、動(dòng)詞的種類(四類)
系動(dòng)詞如be(is am are);情態(tài)動(dòng)詞如can 、may、need;助動(dòng)詞( do does);行為動(dòng)詞如take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等
2、動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)(與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)一樣)
如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)
3、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
( 1)含有系動(dòng)詞的
I’m a Chinese boy 。
She is twelve 。
He is Tim’s brother 。
Her mother is an English teacher 。
含有系動(dòng)詞的句子在變一般疑問句時(shí)只將“主語和系動(dòng)詞交換位置”，上面句子變成一般疑問句時(shí)分別為
Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人稱通常變?yōu)榈诙朔Q)
Is she twelve ?
Is he Tim’s brother ?
Is her mother an English teacher ?
含有系動(dòng)詞的句子在變否定句時(shí)只須“在系動(dòng)詞的后邊加上not”，前面的幾個(gè)了陳述句變否定句分別為
I’m not a Chinese boy.
She isn’t twelve 。
He is not Tim’s btother 。
Her mother isn’t an English teacher 。
(2)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的。句子( can )，
She can play basketball.
His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子在變一般疑問句時(shí)只須將“主語和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞交換位置”，上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為
Can she play basketball ?
Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子在變否定句時(shí)直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的后邊加上not ，上面兩個(gè)陳述句變否定句分別為
She can not play basketball 。
His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs 。
(3)含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子
We have many friends.
They watch TV at 7 in the evening 。
The students take their books to school 。
I have lunch at school 。
You have a sister 。
1含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子在變一般疑問句時(shí)要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為
Do you have many friends ?
Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?
Do the students take their books to school ?
Do you have lunch at school ?
Do you have a sister ?
2含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子在變否定句時(shí)只須在行為動(dòng)詞前加don’t 。上述五個(gè)陳述句變否定句分別為
We don’t have many friends.
They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening 。
The students don’t take their books to school 。
I don’t have lunch at school 。
You don’t have a sister 。
3含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，行為動(dòng)詞要加s (或es)如：
She has a red pen 。
He has eggs for breakfast 。
Her mother buys a skirt for her 。
She likes thrillers 。
My brother watches TV every evening 。
He wants to go to a movie 。
含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，變一般疑問句要“在原句子的前面加上does ，同時(shí)行為動(dòng)詞要還原”。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為：
Does she have a red pen ?
Does he have eggs for breakfast ?
Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
Does she like thrillers ?
Does your brother watch TV every evening ?
Does he want to go to a movie ?
含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，變否定句時(shí)“在行為動(dòng)詞前面加does’nt ，同時(shí)原行為動(dòng)詞要還原”。上面的句子變否定句分別為：
She doesn’t have a red pen 。
He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast 。
Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her 。
She doesn’t like thrillers 。
My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening 。
He doesn’t want to go to a movie 。
初一上冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
冠詞的用法(名詞前面必須要有冠詞)
冠詞分為定冠詞(the)和不定冠詞(a, an)兩種。
1、定冠詞the表示"特指"，可譯為"這個(gè)"、"那個(gè)"、"這些"、"那些"。
2、不定冠詞a, an用來表明(可數(shù))名詞的數(shù)量是"一個(gè)"。an用于以元音開頭(注意不是以元音字母開頭)的單詞前，a則英語非元音開頭的單詞前。
3、不定冠詞a, an與基數(shù)詞one的區(qū)別是：不定冠詞不是刻意強(qiáng)調(diào)"數(shù)量"，而基數(shù)詞則強(qiáng)調(diào)"數(shù)量"。
助動(dòng)詞(do, does )的用法
只有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞作謂語時(shí)才涉及使用助動(dòng)詞。以like為例：
(1)當(dāng)句子為肯定句時(shí)不涉及使用助動(dòng)詞，只涉及"主謂一致"原則。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
(2)當(dāng)句子為否定句時(shí)，要根據(jù)主語的人稱來決定使用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞：當(dāng)主語為"三單"時(shí)，要使用does;當(dāng)主語為"非三單"時(shí)，用助動(dòng)詞原形do。例如把下列句子變否定句：
Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
(3)當(dāng)句子變疑問句時(shí)，同樣要根據(jù)句子的主語來決定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子變問句：
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
名詞所有格
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示"。.。.。.的"，但要從of后往of前翻譯：a book of mine(我的一本書)
3、have與of的區(qū)別：
have一般表示"主動(dòng)擁有"，往往用于有生命的人或動(dòng)物;無生命的物體一般不能"主動(dòng)擁有"，表示所屬關(guān)系時(shí)要用of。例如：
I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.
a door of the house
初一上冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
①一套a set of a set of keys一串鑰匙a set of books一套書A set of+物品的復(fù)數(shù)
②打擾一下Excuse me
③幫助某人學(xué)習(xí)某物help sb with sth幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語help me with my English
④教某人學(xué)某物teach sb sth teach us English教我們學(xué)英語
⑤失物招領(lǐng)Lost and Found在失物招領(lǐng)盒子里In the Lost and Found case
⑥Call sb at+號(hào)碼sb要用賓格
⑦e-mail sb at+網(wǎng)址給某人發(fā)郵件
⑧what about=How about
What about you?你呢?What about saying it in English?用英語說它怎么樣?About+動(dòng)詞的ing形式
初一上冊(cè)英語必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
一般疑問句及特殊疑問句
1、一般疑問句：能用Yes或No來回答的問句。一般疑問句句尾讀升調(diào)。
2、特殊疑問句：不能用Yes或No來回答的問句。特殊疑問句句尾讀降調(diào)。
、可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)
可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。
1、規(guī)則變化：
(1)一般情況直接在詞尾加"-s "，如：cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
(2)以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的詞，要在詞尾加"-es "，如：bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加"-es "，如：baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
(4)部分以f (e)結(jié)尾的詞，變f (e)為"ves "，如：knife-knives, half-halves等;
(5)以o結(jié)尾的詞，加"-s "或"-es "，如：zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。記憶口訣：除了"英雄"hero外，凡是能吃的，加"-es "，不能吃的加"-s "。
2、不規(guī)則變化：
(1)改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;
(2)單、復(fù)同形：
-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;
(3)其他形式：mouse-mice, child-children等。
簡單句的成分及主謂一致原則
最基本構(gòu)成：主語+謂語+賓語，其中謂語由動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)。
主謂一致原則，就是句子的謂語要始終與主語保持?jǐn)?shù)量上的一致性。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)(簡稱"三單")時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要相應(yīng)變成單數(shù)形式;當(dāng)主語非"三單"時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞就用原形。實(shí)意動(dòng)詞變"三單"的規(guī)則如下：
(1)一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加"-s "，如：like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
(2)以字母s, x,ch, sh結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加"-es "，如：guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
(3)以o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞一般加"-es "，如：do-does, go-goes等;
(4)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，再加"-而是"，如：fly-flies, carry-carries等;
(5)have的三單形式是has。