大學(xué)英語四級快速閱讀技巧——略讀
快速閱讀從2006年6月份首次出現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)在，題型的難度一直在穩(wěn)步遞增，其中也包含了題型的改變(自2007年12月份起將判斷題改為選擇題)。這既折射出了命題者對該部分題型命制的探索與不斷創(chuàng)新，也反映出了命題者在反復(fù)調(diào)整題型的難度系數(shù)，想要給該部分尋找到一個(gè)合適的分量。這種嘗試既有成功，但也有欠考慮之處?？忌毡榉从晨焖匍喿x難度過大，個(gè)別題目超出了四級甚至是六級考試大綱的要求。下面是小編給你精心整理大學(xué)英語四級快速閱讀的略讀技巧，僅供參考。
大學(xué)英語四級快速閱讀的略讀技巧
快速閱讀”這個(gè)稱謂是對這部分題型名稱的一種誤解，甚或說是一種誤譯。實(shí)際上試題冊上所給的題型英文名稱是Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)——閱讀理解(略讀與跳讀)。不少考生正是由于受到所謂“快速”兩字的誤導(dǎo)，以為單純求快就可以萬事大吉，殊不知這其中是另有“隱情”。
Skimming——略讀
略讀，顧名思義就是要求考生在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)把握住文章某個(gè)段落的主題思想。我們首先來看一下2010年6月份快速閱讀第一題：
1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?
A) Her daughter&39;s repeated complaints.
B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.
C) The poorly managed state of her house.
D) The high financial costs adding up.
一般來說快速閱讀的第一題往往是針對文章的開頭部分。以該題為例，基本上所有考生都能夠定位到第一段。可是第一段到底應(yīng)該怎么讀就成了個(gè)大問題。
A few months ago, it wasn&39;t unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She&39;d wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.
誠然，從頭到尾“快速”讀完確實(shí)是個(gè)辦法——而且也是絕大多數(shù)考生使用的辦法，但這樣做完全失去了skimming的意義。換個(gè)角度來說，如果每個(gè)題目都像這樣把段落讀完，那么十道題加在一起所積累的閱讀量勢必將超過15分鐘的大限。其實(shí)大部分文章的段落重點(diǎn)或者說中心都集中在首末句上。略讀所要考察的就是考生是否敢于大膽抓住首末句，拋去段落中間的無效部分，從而迅速找到答案。以本題而言，該段最后一句，尤其是but之后的“it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem”(直到她的四個(gè)女兒開始不斷發(fā)出抱怨的時(shí)候她在開始意識(shí)到自己出問題了)就是答案所在位置。故而選擇A選項(xiàng)。
再看2009年6月的快速閱讀第六題：
6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?
A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.
B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.
C) It helped him make fair decisions.
D) It met participants’ diverse needs.
這道題在當(dāng)年得分率非常低。原因就在于這道題對應(yīng)的可能段落有兩段而不是一段(省略號(hào)表示段落略去部分，下文同此例)：
“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . …”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .
“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”
這道題目的要求更高?？忌粌H要知道重點(diǎn)在兩個(gè)段落的首末句上，還需要結(jié)合題目所問，對這四個(gè)句子孰輕孰重作出預(yù)先判斷，然后再進(jìn)行閱讀。題目問的是 Dale對這個(gè)研討班的看法。據(jù)此看來一段第一句無效，因其起始部分講到的是Dale在公司的position(職位)。同樣該段末句也無效，Dale’s assumptions——講的是Dale原先的一些錯(cuò)誤想法和做法。很可惜的是當(dāng)年不少考生都在這兩個(gè)句子上耗費(fèi)了大量時(shí)間，甚至還有個(gè)別考生通讀該段，這樣自然是得不償失。
再來看下一段的第一句，I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation(我通過學(xué)習(xí)知道不能把自己的性別比、偏見帶到工作中去)。這句話有用嗎?顯然也不行。因?yàn)樗v到的是Dale在學(xué)習(xí)班里的收獲。最后一句說道“because it helped me make decisions based on fairness”(因?yàn)檫@個(gè)研討班讓我能做出公平的選擇)。讀到這里第六題的答案也就順理成章的選擇C了。
2010年6月第七題：
7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to __________.
A) improve his online gaming skills
B) curb his desire for online gaming
C) show how good he is at online gaming
D) exchange online gaming experience
這道題和上述第六題頗有些相像。它對應(yīng)的段落，也就是出現(xiàn)了Heidrich這個(gè)人物的段落，同樣也是兩段：
Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that&39;s nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干預(yù)), in which relatives told him he&39;d gained weight.
"There&39;s this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."
如果讀者朋友掌握了我們剛才所講的方法自然就會(huì)覺得這題就比較輕松了。同樣是抓住兩個(gè)段落的四個(gè)重點(diǎn)句，然后根據(jù)題干進(jìn)行判斷。分析過程這里就不再贅述。很明顯第二段最后一句是符合要求的。 Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."(Heidirch現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常瀏覽那些探討網(wǎng)友成癮問題的網(wǎng)站，不時(shí)提醒自己克制對網(wǎng)游的喜愛。)所以答案選擇B。
通過上面三個(gè)例子的分析，我們不難看出四級快速閱讀略讀相對而言是比較容易掌握的。在確定出對應(yīng)段落后直接分析它的首末句就可以了。只不過個(gè)別難題還要求結(jié)合題干逐一對照比較分析，在若干個(gè)首末句當(dāng)中挑選出最合適的。還有一點(diǎn)不知道讀者朋友有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，實(shí)際上，在首句和末句當(dāng)中最后能夠充當(dāng)答案的往往還是最后一句。記住這個(gè)小規(guī)律了對于提高解題速度也大有幫助。
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